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The Edible Woman Landscapes
The Female Body in Margaret Atwood’s The Edible Woman and Lady Oracle By Sofia Sanchez-Grant1 Abstract This essay examines scholarly discourses about embodiment, and their increasing scholarly currency, in relation to two novels by the Canadian writer Margaret Atwood. Like many of Atwood’s other works, The Edible Woman (1969) and Lady Oracle (1976) are explicitly concerned with the complexities of body image. More specifically, however, these novels usefully exemplify her attempt to demystify the female form. In the following pages, I investigate Atwood’s treatment of the mind/body dualism and analyse the ways in which she responds to, and resists, its destructive effects. Using contemporary theory, moreover, I show how Atwood deals with the concept of female space, as well as the ‘space’ of the female body itself. I also consider Atwood’s representation of the female appetite, taking into account its relationship to power and identity, and foregrounding the cultural meaning of eating disorders. Taken together, these subject matters demonstrate how the body ‘feeds’ identity and how a woman’s corporeal experience directly influences her cultural experience. Through a close engagement with recent theories of embodiment, I analyse the extent to which Atwood’s fiction might dismantle culturally-encoded concepts of femininity and propose a useful corrective to traditional readings of the female body in which the re-embodiment of the self is equated to a re-embodiment of culture. Keywords: Feminism; embodiment; literature In 1990, sociologist Arthur Frank declared: ‘Bodies are in, in academia as well as in popular culture’ (131). Three years later, David Morgan and Sue Scott in their study Body Matters: Essays on the Sociology of the Body reaffirm his statement: ‘since we first began the process of editing this book there has been a veritable explosion of feminist work on “the body”’ (3). Almost two decades have elapsed since 1990, but the continuing proliferation of


Cited: Atwood, Margaret. 2004. Lady Oracle. London: Virago Press. ---. 2004. The Edible Woman. London: Virago Press. Barzilai, Shuli. 2000. ‘“Say That I Had a Lovely Face”: The Grimms’ Rapunzel, Tennyson’s Lady of Shalott, and Atwood’s Lady Oracle’. Tulsa Studies in Women’s Literature 19: 231-54. Bordo, Susan. 2003. Unbearable Weight: Feminism, Western Culture and the Body. London: University of California Press, Ltd. Brook, Barbara. 1999. Feminist Perspectives on the Body. New York: Pearson Education Inc. Chernin, Kim. The Hungry Self: Women, Eating and Identity. London: Virago Press Ltd., 1986. ---. 1994. The Obsession: Reflections on the Tyranny of Slenderness. New York: HarperPerennial. Conboy, Katie, et al. Eds., 1997. Writing on the Body: Female Embodiment and Feminist Theory. New York: Columbia University Press. Davis, Kathy. Ed. 1997. Embodied Practices: Feminist Perspectives on the Body. London: Sage Publications. Fee, Margery. 1993. The Fat Lady Dances: Margaret Atwood’s Lady Oracle. Toronto: ECW Press. Frank, Arthur. 1990. ‘Bringing Bodies Back In: A Decade Review’. Theory Culture and Society 7: 131-62. Hite, Molly. 1992. The Other Side of the Story. New York: Cornell University Press. ---. ‘Writing-and Reading-the Body: Female Sexuality and Recent Feminist Fiction’. 1988. Feminist Studies 14: 120-42. Humm, Maggie. 1991. ‘Going through the green channel: Margaret Atwood and Body Boundaries’. Border Traffic: Strategies of Contemporary Women Writers. Manchester: Manchester University Press: 123-15. Jackson, Stevi and Sue Scott. 2001. ‘Putting the Body’s Feet on the Ground: Towards a Sociological Reconceptualization of Gendered and Sexual Embodiment’. Constructing Gendered Bodies. Ed. Kathryn Backett-Milburn et al. New York: Palgrave: 7-23. King, Jeannette. 2005. The Victorian Woman Question in Contemporary Feminist Fiction. Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan. Marks, Lara V., 2001. Sexual Chemistry: A History of the Contraceptive Pill. London: Yale University Press. 8 Martin, Emily. 1993. The Woman in the Body. Milton Keynes: Open University Press. Morgan, David and Sue Scott. Eds. 1993. Body Matters: Essays on the Sociology of the Body. London: The Falmer Press. Orbach, Susie. 1998. Fat is a Feminist Issue and its Sequel. London: Arrow Books. Palmer, Paulina. 1989. Contemporary Women’s Fiction: Narrative Practice and Feminist Theory. Hertfordshire: Harvester Wheatsheaf. Parker, Emma. 1995. ‘You Are What You Eat: The Politics of Eating in the Novels of Margaret Atwood’. Twentieth Century Literature 41: 349-69. Sanger, Margaret. 1988. ‘Birth Control – A Parents’ Problem or a Woman’s?’ (1922). The Feminist Papers: From Adams to de Beauvoir. Ed. Alice de Rossi. New York: Columbia University Press: 533. Shilling, Chris. 1993. The Body and Social Theory. London: Sage. Tuana, Nancy. 1993. The Less Noble Sex: Scientific, Religious, and Philosophical Journal of International Women’s Studies Vol. 9 #2 March 2008 91 Conceptions of Woman’s Nature. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Williams, Simon J., and Gillian Bendelow. 1998. The Lived Body: Sociological Themes, Embodied Issues. London: Routledge. Journal of International Women’s Studies Vol. 9 #2 March 2008 92

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