Sigmund Freud's Psychodynamic Approach
The psychodynamic approach was first introduced by Sigmund Freud, considered to be the "father" of psychology. This approach describes development as primarily unconscious (beyond awareness) and as heavily influenced by emotion. Psychoanalytic theorists believe that behaviour is merely a surface characteristic and that to truly understand development, we have to analyze the symbolic meanings of behaviour and the deep inner workings of the mind.
Sigmund Freud
Freud (1856-1939), a medical doctor by training, believed that personality has three structures: the id, the ego, and the superego.
The id
The ego
The superego
As Freud listened to, probed, and analyzed his patients, he realized that their problems were a result of experiences early in life. He believed that we go through five stages of psychosexual development and that at each stage of development we experience pleasure in one part of the body more than others. …show more content…
Erik Erikson
Erikson (1902-1994) recognized Freud's contributions but believed that Freud misjudged some important dimensions of human development. Erikson said we develop in psychosocial stages, in contract to Freud's psychosexual stages. For Erikson, the primary motivation for human behaviour was social and reflected a desire to affiliate with other people. Erikson emphasized development throughout the entire lifespan, whereas Freud argued that our personality is shaped within the first five years of life.
In Erikson's theory, eight stages of development unfold as we go through life. Each stage consists of a unique developmental task that confronts the individual with a crisis that must be faced. The more successfully an individual resolves the crises, the healthier his development will be. The eight stages of development are:
1. Trust versus mistrust
2 Autonomy versus shame and
Sigmund Freud
Freud (1856-1939), a medical doctor by training, believed that personality has three structures: the id, the ego, and the superego.
The id
The ego
The superego
As Freud listened to, probed, and analyzed his patients, he realized that their problems were a result of experiences early in life. He believed that we go through five stages of psychosexual development and that at each stage of development we experience pleasure in one part of the body more than others. …show more content…
Erik Erikson
Erikson (1902-1994) recognized Freud's contributions but believed that Freud misjudged some important dimensions of human development. Erikson said we develop in psychosocial stages, in contract to Freud's psychosexual stages. For Erikson, the primary motivation for human behaviour was social and reflected a desire to affiliate with other people. Erikson emphasized development throughout the entire lifespan, whereas Freud argued that our personality is shaped within the first five years of life.
In Erikson's theory, eight stages of development unfold as we go through life. Each stage consists of a unique developmental task that confronts the individual with a crisis that must be faced. The more successfully an individual resolves the crises, the healthier his development will be. The eight stages of development are:
1. Trust versus mistrust
2 Autonomy versus shame and