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You may wonder after reading this project why your nose is so important in eating. It’s because Up to 75% of our taste actually comes from our sense of smell! Your taste buds only allow us to identify four flavors: salty, bitter, sour, and sweet. The odor molecules in food are what really give the food we eat its full flavor.
The nostrils are located above your upper lip. Cilia are tiny receptors that are inside the nose are enveloped in clear mucus. This coating dissolves the molecules that are still liquid or solid into gas form. When you inhale the air goes through your nasal passages and into your nasal cavity. Your olfactory receptor cells are located at the top of you nasal cavity, just beneath the brain, and behind the bridge of your nose. When you take a bite of food the odor molecules from that food proceed through the passage between your nose and mouth up to these cells. If your nasal passage becomes blocked, odor molecules can’t reach your olfactory receptor cells. Therefore your brain cannot get a signal to identify the odor and everything tastes bland. You can of course feel the texture and temperature of the food just not the taste.
The smelling process may seem very simple but it is in fact very complex. When you smell a rose your brain examines over 300 odor molecules. The average person can define a large amount of odor molecules, from 4,000 up to 10,000. Scientists do not know a lot of how our nose works, but hope to learn more in the future.