Rural Credit in India
1. Introduction to Rural Credit
In modern world credit has become one of the crucial inputs. The co-operative credit societies were, in the past and even now, the most important source of credit to the farmers. Since 1969, commercial banks are also financing agriculture because of `social control'. There has been tremendous increase in the bank branches in the rural areas, Govt. has adopted the policy of `multi-agency approach' in agricultural credit,. At present, primary agricultural co-operative societies, land development banks, commercial banks and regional rural banks are financing agriculture. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) is providing refinance to the commercial banks. In order to reduce the competition amongst the commercial banks in the rural areas, a policy of "Service Area Approach" has been adopted since 1988. As per this policy, each bank has to adopt few villages and they are required to meet credit.
2. HISTORY
α Farm Credit in the Past and the Present:
In the past, farming was carried out in a traditional way. It was a subsidence farming and was more or less self sufficient Credit needs of the farmers were limited and were met with mostly by the money lenders, relatives, friends and to some extend by Taccavi loans from Government. Money lenders used to exploit the farmers in various ways like exorbitant rates of interest, false documents, etc.
After independence and particularly after the Green Revolution, agriculture entered the era of modernization and the credit needs of the farming community started increasing. In the present day market oriented farming, the credit has become one of the crucial inputs. α Co-operative Credit:
Co-operative Credit Societies Acts of 1904 and 1912 was the first important land mark in the agricultural credit policy in India. In the subsequent period, the co-operative credit became more and more significant. It became the most important source of
In modern world credit has become one of the crucial inputs. The co-operative credit societies were, in the past and even now, the most important source of credit to the farmers. Since 1969, commercial banks are also financing agriculture because of `social control'. There has been tremendous increase in the bank branches in the rural areas, Govt. has adopted the policy of `multi-agency approach' in agricultural credit,. At present, primary agricultural co-operative societies, land development banks, commercial banks and regional rural banks are financing agriculture. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) is providing refinance to the commercial banks. In order to reduce the competition amongst the commercial banks in the rural areas, a policy of "Service Area Approach" has been adopted since 1988. As per this policy, each bank has to adopt few villages and they are required to meet credit.
2. HISTORY
α Farm Credit in the Past and the Present:
In the past, farming was carried out in a traditional way. It was a subsidence farming and was more or less self sufficient Credit needs of the farmers were limited and were met with mostly by the money lenders, relatives, friends and to some extend by Taccavi loans from Government. Money lenders used to exploit the farmers in various ways like exorbitant rates of interest, false documents, etc.
After independence and particularly after the Green Revolution, agriculture entered the era of modernization and the credit needs of the farming community started increasing. In the present day market oriented farming, the credit has become one of the crucial inputs. α Co-operative Credit:
Co-operative Credit Societies Acts of 1904 and 1912 was the first important land mark in the agricultural credit policy in India. In the subsequent period, the co-operative credit became more and more significant. It became the most important source of