As the director of the Center on Quality Policing and assistant professor for the department of Criminology at the University of Pennsylvania, the authors of this article believe that through three methodologies of research, problem police officers can be flagged so that the issue of racial profiling can be addressed more appropriately. Ridgeway and MacDonald present data recovered from various studies which suggest that there is a problem of racially biased policing in many communities. With these efforts of research, …show more content…
J. & Mosher, C. (2009). Search and seizure, racial profiling, and traffic stops: A disparate impact framework. Law & Policy, 31(1), 11-30.
With a Ph.D in Political Science and a M.A, these two authors believe that the race of a person does not always have to be the deciding factor in search and seizures performed by the police. They begin by assessing whether or not police officers intentionally choose to search racial minorities over whites by analyzing data collected from every traffic stop made in the Washington D.C. area. What makes this article unique is that the authors write figure out when and why searches were conducted because in most studies of racial profiling these factors are often ignored.
Antonovics, K. & Knight, B. G. (2009). A new look at racial profiling: Evidence from the Boston police department. Review of Economics and Statistics, 91(1), …show more content…
This article talks about the relationship between passive and active representation for race in police departments. Interviews with police officers reveal that many would agree that police socialization may have a detrimental effect on the integrity of a department. They have found through research that African American police officers struggle with the pressure to be accepted by their community and this affects their ability to work. This article is unique in that they talk about the idea that with the presence of black officers there tends to be an increase in racial