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ANALYSIS / APPROACH / SOURCE / STRATEGY: PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION MAINS 2012 PAPER
- TEAM VISION IAS
Questions
Q. No.
Mark s Topic
Sub Topic
Level
Natur e Primary Source/
Chapter
Secondary Resource/
Chapter
From Vision IAS Test
Series (% comparison/ similarity) PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PAPER – I
‘On a more sophisticated plane public choice is concerned with
“Pareto optimality”, or at least with “Pareto improvements”.’
Comment.
1(a)
Policy Evaluation criteria Diffic ult Unconv entiona l
IGNOU booklet on public policy +Public
Administration and Public
Affairs-Nicholas Henry
Unconv entiona l
-
15
Public policy
Max weber
Very
Diffic
ult
‘In the canonization of this abstract idea of “Staatsraison’ are inseparably woven the sure instincts of the bureaucracy for the conditions which preserve its own power in the State’
[Weber]. Explain.
1(b)
15
Administrative
Thought
‘Man’s motives … in different subparts of the same organization may be different’ [Edgar Schein]. Discuss.
1(c)
15
Administrative
Behaviour
Morale and
Motivation
Diffic ult Unconv entiona l
Organizational culture & leadership- Edgar Schein
A Leader role in organization Diffic ult Unconv entiona l
“The social psychology of organizations” by Katz &
Kahn
Policy making
Diffic ult Unconv entiona l
The art of Judgement: A study of policy makingGeoffrey Vickers
Leadership is the ‘influential increment over and above mechanical compliance with the routine directives of the organization’ [Katz and Kahn]. Analyze.
1(d)
15
Administrative
Behaviour
‘Policy judgements comprise reality judgements, value judgements and instrumental judgements’ [Geoffrey Vickers].
Elucidate.
1(e)
15
Public policy
1
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How would you trace the development of Public
Administration in terms of different paradigms from the politics/administration dichotomy of 1900-1926 to the rise of
Public Administration as Public Administration after the formation of the National Association of Schools of Public
Affairs and Administration (NASPAA) in the USA in 1970 ?
In what respects is Taylor’s Scientific Management’ or classical motivational theory different from the classical organizational theory expounded by Gulick, Urwick etc.?
2(a)
2(b)(i)
30
Introduction
Evolution of the discipline 15
Administrative
Thought
Scientific management and classical theory
Scientific management Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional Public Administration and
Public Affairs- Nicholas
Henry/ IGNOU notes
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional Administrative ThinkersP& P,
TMH Public adminLaxmikant, Mohit
Bhattacharya,Fadia &
Fadia, Ignou Notes
Mediu Unconv m/Dif entiona l ficult
What light does Antonio Gramsci 's critique ofTaylorism throw on its socio-psychological underpinnings ?
2(b)(ii)
15
Administrative
Thought
‘Three features characterize Simon’s original view of bounded rationality: search for alternatives, satisficing, and aspiration adaptation.’ Elucidate.
3(a)
20
Administrative
Thought
Simon’s decisionmaking theory
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional New Horizons of Pub adMohit Bhattacharya, TMH
Laxmikant
‘The essence of the contingency theory paradigm is that organizational effectiveness results from fitting characteristics of the organization, such as its structure, to contingencies that reflect the situation of the organization.’ Give your reactions to this statement.
3(b)(i)
20
Organizations
Contingency theory Mediu m Conve ntional R.K. Jain Public Sector
Undertakings
In the light of your discussion on 3(b) (i) above, also show where and how this ‘fitting’ differs essentially from the
‘coping’ with ‘stress’ from the environment emphasized by the systems theory of organization.
3(b)(ii)
20
Organizations
Systems theory
20
Accountability and control
20
Accountability and control
‘Open access to government records is … the hallmark of democratic government’, but ‘governments are not hesitant about destroying records – very deliberately – in order to prevent investigations, as well as to generally weaken accountability’. Do you think that in this situation right to information can go to the extent of demanding complete declassification and ‘de- archivization’ of government records?
Argue.
Should media exposure be included in rules for administrative accountability in India? State your views.
4(a)
4(b)
Mediu Unconv m/Dif entiona l ficult
Mohit Bhattacharya New
Horizons of Public
Administration
Test 7 Question 6B(80%)
R.K. Jain Public Sector
Undertaking
RTI
Mediu m Conve ntional +
Current
RTI- ignou notes, related
IJPA journals
Test3 Question7B=60%
Role of Media
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional +
Current
Ignou notes, IJPA journals
Test 3 Question 5B-80%
2
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Comment on the role of Civil Society in facilitating administrative accountability with special reference to the
‘Janlokpal’ issue in India.
‘Rigg’s classification of societies into fused, prismatic, and differentiation.’ Analyze.
‘The anti-development thesis … reduces development to an idea without history, impervious to change’, but ‘fails to take account of the fact that for all its faults, development can be empowering.’ Discuss.
The ‘selection model of recruitment rests on the assumption that the primary needs to be met are those of the organization.’ Examine.
4(c)
5(a)
5(b)
5(c)
20
Accountability and control
Civil society
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional +
Current
12
Comparative
Public
Administration
Riggsian model
Easy
Conve ntional 12
Development
Dynamics
Anti-development thesis Mediu m Conve ntional Development
Administration by Mohit
Bhattacharya
12
Personnel
Administration
O Glenn Stahl Public
Personnel Administration
S.L. Goel Personnel
Administration in India
Unconv entiona l
Advance Books
Unconv entiona l
Politics of Budgetary process –Wildavsky
Test 3 Question2B+Test10
Question4B2-40%
Bureaucracy & development administration – Mohit
Bhattacharya
test -3 Question 8(c),6(B)60%
public policy
Implementation
‘Those who budget, deal with their overwhelming burdens by adopting heuristic aids to calculation’ [Wildavsky]. Explain.
5(e)
12
Financial
Administration
Budgetary process
Diffic ult 20
Administrative
Law
Dicey on
Administrative law
Mediu Unconv entiona m l 20
test 2 question 4A-65%
Conve ntional 12
6(b)
R.K. Sapru’s
Development
Administration
Test 2 Question 5C + Test7
Question 1A-70%
Easy
5(d)
Would you agree that the strong Rechsstaat version of the rule of law found on the Continent never existed in England because of its particular history?
R.K. Arora Comparative
Public Administration
Recruitment
Diffic ult 6(a)
Test9 Question 8A1-75%
Mohit Bhattacharya New
Horizons of Public
Administration
Administrative Thinkers-P
&P
Public administration: a comparative perspectiveFerrel Heady
‘Our normal expectation should be that new programs will fail to get off the ground and that, at best, they will take considerable time to get started. The cards in this world are stacked against things happening’ [Pressman and Wildavsky].
Comment.
Do you think that there is an unresolved and often overlooked tension in Dicey’s concept of rule of law, considering that the other principle of parliamentary sovereignty in English constitutional system runs counter to it?
IJPA journals, newspapers
Administrative
Law
Meaning
Mediu Unconv entiona m l Test 8 Question 1C-50%
Program Evaluation and the Management of
Government
By Ray C. Rist
http://books.google.co. in/books?id=UkWr0wgL _M0C&pg=PA185&lpg=
PA185&dq=Rechtsstaat
&source=bl&ots=OKeqc
1SifL&sig=zzBRXqb7PAy
Fx43XnhH3Z0XQ7QY&h l=en&sa=X&ei=HEd4UIz 3
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6MsTJrAfzloGABA&ved
=0CD8Q6AEwAw
Why is le droit administratif regarded alongside the
Napoleonic Code as the most notable achievement of French legal science?
Comment on the reasons why universal theory remains elusive in comparative public administration.
Given the importance of the issue of sex equality in development do you think the self-help group movement adequately addresses absence of women in the former mainstream development agenda?
6(c)
7(a)
7(b)
20
Administrative
Law
Meaning, scope
Mediu m Conve ntional Massey administrative law, M.P. Jain adm law
20
Comparative
Public
Administration
Current status of comparative public administration Easy/ mediu m
Conve ntional Ferrel Heady Public
Administration – A
Comparative Perspective
R.K. Arora Comparative
Public Administration
20
Development
Dynamics
SHG movement
Easy/ mediu m
Conve ntional +
Current
Related IJPA journals+
Development
Administration by Mohit
Bhattacharya
R.K. Sapru’s
Development
Administration
Bachrach and Baratz second dimension of power: nondecisionmaking
http://homepages.abdn.a
c.uk/p.bernhagen/pages/
Power_JPR.pdf
Mediu Unconv m/Dif entiona l ficult
Would you agree with Bachrach and Baratz that along with decisions, non-decisions are also part of policy? Give reasons for your answer.
7(c)
20
Public policy
Policy making
‘Relations are the building blocks of network analysis’ — In the light of this statement summarize the form and content of relations in ‘network analysis’.
8(a)(i)
15
Techniques of
Administrative
Improvement
Network analysis
Mediu m Conve ntional P.R. Dubbashi
Administrative Reforms
PERT
Conve ntional P.R. Dubbashi
Administrative Reforms
G.E. Gaiden
Administrative Reforms
PERT
Easy/ mediu m
Unconv entiona l
Test 2 Question1C+test7
Question3B-50%
G.E. Gaiden
Administrative Reforms
Easy/ mediu m
Test 2 Question 8A and 8B70%
Trace the background and development of PERT of enumerate the steps involved in the application of PERT.
8(a)(ii)
15
Techniques of
Administrative
Improvement
Draw a simple PERT chart for a seminar planning project.
8(a)(iii)
15
Techniques of
Administrative
Improvement
Test3 Question5D+
Discussion=100%
Test3 Question5D+
Discussion=100%
4
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‘The apparent demise of e-Government and e- Business as the main organizing principles of society has created the conditions for the rise of e-Governance from the ashes’ — In the context of the above statement show the distinctions between e-Government and e- Governance.
8(b)
15
Techniques of
Administrative
Improvement
e- Governance
Easy/ mediu m
Conve ntional test3
Question7C+Test9Question
4B2+discussion=100%
Related IJPA journals
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PAPER – II
“The Mughal Administrative System was military rule by nature and a form of centralized despotism.” Analyse.
‘Judges should not govern the country. They can lay down a law, not interfere with governance.’ Discuss.
1(a)
1(b)
Related IJPA Journals
Public Enterprises in
India by Laxminarain
Cabinet
Diffic ult Conve ntional +
Current
Indian Public
Administration by Rajni
Goyal and R.K. Arora
S.R. Maheswari Local
Government in India
Public Sector
Undertakings
Easy
Conve ntional R.K. Jain Public Sector
Undertakings
J.D. Shukla State
Administration
Conve ntional Related IJPA journals
T.N. Chaturvedi District
Administration
Conve ntional Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal + IGNOU notes A. Awasthi Central
Administration
12
Union
Government and
Administration
Judiciary structure, functions, work processes 12
“Memorandum of Understanding’ scheme between the
Government and Public enterprises has forced public undertakings to improve their overall performance.” Do you agree with this statement?
1(d)
12
Public Sector
Undertakings
12
Urban Local
Government
2(a)
Conve ntional +
Current
Easy
1(c)
“The success and prestige enjoyed by a Chief Secretary depend, to a large extent, upon his equations with the varied sets of people and institutions that form the work environment.” Critically evaluate the statement and its relevance to the role of the Chief Secretary in the discharge of his functions.
Easy/
Mediu
m
Mughal administration Union
Government and
Administration
1(e)
B.N. Puri Administrative
History of India (Vol. I, II and III)
12
Critically examine the variables in the composition and functioning of Cabinet Committees.
To what extent has the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act created a ‘federation within a federation’ in India?
Conve ntional Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal
Evolution of
Indian
Administration
12
Easy/
74th Constitutional
Mediu
Amendment m State
Government and
Administration
Chief Secretary
Easy
test4 Question 5A-70%
Test10 Question4b1=40%
5
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In the exercise of his/her functions, the President of India is a mere Convenient working hypothesis. Do you agree with this view? Justify your reasoning with illustrations.
2(b)
‘Parliamentary Departmental Committees have played their role effectively in analyzing the demands for grants.’ Evaluate.
3(a)
Explain the emerging ambiguity in respect of the developmental role of the District Collector in the wake of the
73rd Constitutional Amendment Act.
Justify ‘indicative’ planning in the context of LPG.
‘Parliament is an independent institution, not to be seen as an extension of government or of a party. Elaborate.
‘The authority of the Governor in the discretionary fields is not unrestrained. If it is misused … the President can check him/her and if necessary, he may even remove the Governor.’
Examine this statement critically in the context of the Office of the Governor.
3(b)(i)
3(b)(ii)
3(c)
4(a)
12
Union
Government and
Administration
Executive
Easy
Conve ntional 20
Union
Government and
Administration
Parliament
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional 10
District
Administration
since
Independence
Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal + IGNOU notes 10
Plans and
Priorities
20
Union
Government and
Administration
Changing role of the Collector
Easy
Conve ntional ‘Indicative’ planning Easy
Conve ntional Parliament
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional Test5
Question7a+Test8Question3
A=90%
Fadia & Fadia + Indian
Public Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal
Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal + Fadia &
Fadia
Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal + Fadia &
Fadia
J.D. Shukla State
Administration
Test10Question7A-80%
Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal
P.R. Dubbashi
Administrative Reforms
Test4 Question8B=80%
B.N. Puri Administrative
History of India (Vol. I, II and III)
Test10Question8a1=20%
Governor
Important
Committees and
Commissions
Easy
Conve ntional Kautilya’s
Arthashastra
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional 4(b)
20
Administrative
Reforms since
Independence
‘The Arthashastra is a book of political realism.’ Elaborate.
4(c)
15
Evolution of
Indian
Administration
Test4 Question1A=100%
Conve ntional State
Government and
Administration
Discuss the recommendations of the Sarkaria Commission in respect of the National Development Council for improving
Centre-State planning relations.
Test4Question8c+test5 question6b=70% Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal
25
Easy
Test5 Question4B=70%
6
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‘Bureaucrats should not play politics, but understand how politics works.’ Comment.
‘Good governance is closely aligned with effective democratic governance.’ Elaborate.
‘Corruption is more of an environmental than an administrative problem.’ Discuss.
‘Questions represent a powerful technique of parliamentary control over expenditure.’ Explain.
‘Panchayati Raj Institutions are still affected by State control and domination by bureaucracy.’ Do you agree?
Local self-government in India is the interplay of several factors – historical, ideological, and administrative. Critically examine these factors.
‘Efforts made towards administrative reforms so far have been lacking in congruence between strategy, structure and substance.’ Discuss with illustrations.
Indian administration is yet to fully appreciate and adopt the benefits of Information Technology. Elucidate.
5(a)
5(b)
5(c)
5(d)
5(e)
6(a)
6(b)
7(a)
12
Civil service neutrality Civil Services
Easy/ Unconv
Mediu entiona l m
Related IJPA journals
Test4 Question1B=100%
Related IJPA journals
Test1
Question8b+Test8Question4
B1=70%
12
Introduction
Good governance
Easy
Conve ntional +
Current
12
Significant issues in Indian
Administration
Corruption and administration Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional +
Current
Related IJPA journals+
Newspaper
Indian Admn. by R.B.
Jain
Test6 Question2A=60%
Easy
Conve ntional Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal
IGNOU Lessons on
Financial Administration
Test8Question3A=90%
Easy
Conve ntional +
Current
S.R. Maheswari Local
Government in India
Local Govt. by S.L. Goel
Test6 question5B+Test8Question5 A=80%
S.R. Maheswari Local
Government in India
Fadia & Fadia + Indian
Public Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal
12
Financial
Management
Parliamentary control of public expenditure 12
Rural
Development
Decentralization and Panchayati Raj
30
Rural
Development
Issues ( Rural
Development +
Urban Local
Government)
Mediu m 30
Administrative
Reforms since
Independence
Major concerns
Mediu Unconv entiona m l P.R. Dubbashi
Administrative Reforms
Test6 Question 1A=90%
15
Techniques of
Administrative
Improvement
Information
Technology
Conve ntional +
Current
IGNOU Lessons on
Financial Administration
Test7Question1C-80%
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional 7
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What is an output-based performance budgeting system?
Analyse this system in the context of India.
NGOs demand greater autonomy from the State and are now
‘new actors’ in development. How effective are they as instruments of decentralization and debureaucratization?
Critically evaluate.
Compare and contrast the Padmanabhaiah, Ribiero and
Mallinath Committee Reports.
7(b)
7(c)
8(a)
15
Financial
Management
Budgeting system
Easy/
Mediu
m
30
District
Administration
since
Independence
Democratic decentralization+ development dynamics Easy/ Unconv
Mediu entiona l m
Fadia & Fadia
25
Law and Order
Administration
Police committees/comm issions
Mediu m Conve ntional Fadia & Fadia
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional Basic Reference Books
Mediu Unconv entiona m l Basic Reference Books
“Even though law and order administration is a State subject in the Indian Constitution, it is para-military and other kinds of security forces under the Union Government have grown in recent years.” Critically analyse the statement.
8(b)
20
Law and Order
Administration
Role of central and state agencies including paramilitary forces in maintenance of law and order and countering insurgency and terrorism How does New Localism impact Centre-State-Local relations in the era of LPG?
8(c)
15
Urban Local
Government
New localism
Conve ntional Basic Reference Books
Test3
Question2B+classroom =
100%
Test6 Question 6A-70%
8
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TOPIC / SUB TOPICS ANALYSIS paper 1
Row Labels
1. Introduction
Evolution of the discipline
2. Administrative Thought
Max weber
Scientific management
Scientific management and classical theory
Simon’s decision-making theory
3. Administrative Behaviour
A Leader role in organisation
Morale and Motivation
4. Organizations contingency theory
Systems theory
5. Accountability and control
Civil society
Role of Media
RTI
6. Administrative Law
Dicey on Administrative law meaning meaning, scope
7. Comparative Public Administration current status of comparative public administration
Riggsian model
8. Development Dynamics
Anti-development thesis
SHG movement
9.Personnel Administration
Recruitment
10. public policy
Implementation
Policy Evaluation criteria policy making
11. Techniques of Administrative Improvement e- Governance
Network analysis
PERT
12. Financial Administration
Budgetary process
Grand Total
70
Sum of Marks
30
30
65
15
15
15
20
30
15
15
40
20
20
60
20
20
20
60
20
20
20
32
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
20
12
32
12
20
12
12
62
12
15
35
60
15
15
30
12
12
495
9
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paper
2
Row Labels
Sum of Marks
1.Evolution of Indian Administration
Decentralization and Panchayati Raj
25
Role of central and state agencies including paramilitary forces in maintenance of law and order and countering insurgency and terrorism
15
12
12
12
45
Police committees/commissions
27
Kautilya’s Arthashastra
Mughal administration
3.Public Sector Undertakings
Public Sector Undertakings
4.Union Government and
Administration
Cabinet
Executive
Judiciary - structure, functions, work processes Parliament
5.Plans and Priorities
‘Indicative’ planning
6.State Government and
Administration
Chief Secretary
Governor
7.District Administration since
Independence
Changing role of the Collector democratic decentralization+ development dynamics
8.Civil Services
Civil service neutrality
9.Financial Management
Budgeting system
Parliamentary control of public expenditure 10.Administrative Reforms since
Independence
Important Committees and
Commissions
Major concerns
11.Rural Development
13.Law and Order Administration
20
14.Significant issues in Indian
Administration
Corruption and administration
15. Introduction ( Paper I )
Good governance
76
12
12
12
12
12
12
16. Techniques of Administrative
Improvement ( Paper I )
40
10
10
15
Information Technolog
Grand Total
12
15
444
37
80
12
25
70
40
60
10
50
30
40
12
12
27
15
30
20
10
12
0
50
20
30
42
12
Issues ( Rural Development+Urban
Local Government)
30
12.Urban Local Government
74th Constitutional Amendment
New localism
27
12
15
10
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DIFFICULTY ANALYSIS paper 1 paper Row Labels
Difficult
Easy
Sum of Marks
84
24
Easy/Medium
Medium
190
127
Medium/Difficult
55
Very Difficult
15
Grand Total
2
495
Row
Row Labels
Difficult
Difficult
Easy
Sum of Marks
12
149
Easy/Medium
Medium
Medium
183
100
Grand
Grand Total
444
Paper 2
Paper 1
Difficult
3%
Medium
22%
11%
3%
17%
Easy
34%
Difficult
Difficult
5%
Easy
Easy
26%
Difficult
Easy/Medium
Easy/Medium
Medium
38%
Easy/Medium
41%
Medium
Medium/Difficult
Very Difficult
11
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NATURE ANALYSIS
ANALYSIS
paper paper 2
1
Row
Row Labels
282
75
Unconventional
Unconventional
87
Grand
Grand Total
Sum of Marks
Conventional
Conventional
Conventional
Conventional
Conventional + Current
Row Labels
Sum of Marks
444
206
Conventional + Current
80
Unconventional
209
Grand Total
495
Paper 2
Paper 1
Unconventional
20%
Conventional
42%
Unconventional
42%
Conventional
Conventional
63%
Conventional
Conventional + Current
Conventional + Current
Unconventional
Unconventional
Conventional
Conventional +
Current
17%
Conventional +
Current
16%
12
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS: Vision IAS Test Series vs UPSC Questions (% comparison/ similarity)
Row Labels
Sum of Marks
1
3(b)(i)
‘The essence of the contingency theory paradigm is that organizational effectiveness results from fitting characteristics of the organization, such as its structure, to contingencies that reflect the situation of the organization.’ Give your reactions to this statement.
4. Organizations
Conventional
Test 7 Question 6B(80%)
4(a)
‘Open access to government records is … the hallmark of democratic government’, but ‘governments are not hesitant about destroying records – very deliberately – in order to prevent investigations, as well as to generally weaken accountability’. Do you think that in this situation right to information can go to the extent of demanding complete declassification and ‘dearchivization’ of government records? Argue.
5. Accountability and control
Conventional + Current
Test3 Question7B=60%
4(b)
Should media exposure be included in rules for administrative accountability in India? State your views.
5. Accountability and control
Conventional + Current
Test 3 Question 5B-80%
4(c)
Comment on the role of Civil Society in facilitating administrative accountability with special reference to the ‘Janlokpal’ issue in India.
5. Accountability and control
Conventional + Current
Test9 Question 8A1-75%
5(a)
‘Rigg’s classification of societies into fused, prismatic, and differentiation.’ Analyze.
7. Comparative Public Administration
Conventional
Test 2 Question 5C + Test7 Question 1A-70%
5(b)
‘The anti-development thesis … reduces development to an idea without history, impervious to change’, but ‘fails to take account of the fact that for all its faults, development can be empowering.’ Discuss.
8. Development Dynamics
Conventional
test 2 question 4A-65%
5(c)
The ‘selection model of recruitment rests on the assumption that the primary needs to be met are those of the organization.’ Examine.
9.Personnel Administration
Conventional
Test 8 Question 1C-50%
5(e)
‘Those who budget, deal with their overwhelming burdens by adopting heuristic aids to calculation’ [Wildavsky]. Explain.
12. Financial Administration
Unconventional
233
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
13
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Test 3 Question2B+Test10Question4B2-40%
6(a)
Do you think that there is an unresolved and often overlooked tension in Dicey’s concept of rule of law, considering that the other principle of parliamentary sovereignty in English constitutional system runs counter to it?
6. Administrative Law
Unconventional
test -3 Question 8(c),6(B)-60%
7(a)
Comment on the reasons why universal theory remains elusive in comparative public administration.
7. Comparative Public Administration
Conventional
Test2 Question 8A and 8B-70%
7(b)
Given the importance of the issue of sex equality in development do you think the self-help group movement adequately addresses absence of women in the former mainstream development agenda?
8. Development Dynamics
Conventional + Current
Test 2 Question1C+test7 Question3B-50%
8(a)(ii)
Trace the background and development of PERT of enumerate the steps involved in the application of PERT.
11. Techniques of Administrative Improvement
Conventional
Test3 Question5D+Class Discussion=100%
8(a)(iii)
Draw a simple PERT chart for a seminar planning project.
11. Techniques of Administrative Improvement
Unconventional
Test3 Question5D+Class Discussion=100%
8(b)
‘The apparent demise of e-Government and e- Business as the main organizing principles of society has created the conditions for the rise of e-Governance from the ashes’ — In the context of the above statement show the distinctions between e-Government and e- Governance.
11. Techniques of Administrative Improvement
Conventional
test3 Question7C+Test9Question4B2+classroom=100%
2
1(a)
“The Mughal Administrative System was military rule by nature and a form of centralized despotism.” Analyse.
1.Evolution of Indian Administration
Conventional
test4 Question 5A-70%
1(e)
To what extent has the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act created a ‘federation within a federation’ in India?
12.Urban Local Government
Conventional
Test10 Question4b1=40%
2(b)
In the exercise of his/her functions, the President of India is a mere Convenient working hypothesis. Do you agree with this view? Justify your reasoning with illustrations.
4.Union Government and Administration
Conventional
Test5 Question4B=70%
3(a)
‘Parliamentary Departmental Committees have played their role effectively in analyzing the demands for grants.’ Evaluate.
4.Union Government and Administration
Conventional
12
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
276
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
20
20
20
14
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Test5 Question7a+Test8Question3A=90%
3(b)(i)
Explain the emerging ambiguity in respect of the developmental role of the District Collector in the wake of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act.
7.District Administration since Independence
Conventional
Test4Question8c+test5 question6b=70%
3(b)(ii)
Justify ‘indicative’ planning in the context of LPG.
5.Plans and Priorities
Conventional
Test4 Question1A=100%
4(a)
‘The authority of the Governor in the discretionary fields is not unrestrained. If it is misused … the President can check him/her and if necessary, he may even remove the Governor.’
Examine this statement critically in the context of the Office of the Governor.
6.State Government and Administration
Conventional
Test10Question7A-80%
4(b)
Discuss the recommendations of the Sarkaria Commission in respect of the National Development Council for improving Centre-State planning relations.
10.Administrative Reforms since Independence
Conventional
Test4 Question8B=80%
4(c)
‘The Arthashastra is a book of political realism.’ Elaborate.
1.Evolution of Indian Administration
Conventional
Test10Question8a1=20%
5(a)
‘Bureaucrats should not play politics, but understand how politics works.’ Comment.
8.Civil Services
Unconventional
Test4 Question1B=100%
5(b)
‘Good governance is closely aligned with effective democratic governance.’ Elaborate.
1. Introduction
Conventional + Current
Test1 Question8b+Test8Question4B1=70%
5(c)
‘Corruption is more of an environmental than an administrative problem.’ Discuss.
14.Significant issues in Indian Administration
Conventional + Current
Test6 Question2A=60%
5(d)
‘Questions represent a powerful technique of parliamentary control over expenditure.’ Explain.
9.Financial Management
Conventional
Test8Question3A=90%
5(e)
‘Panchayati Raj Institutions are still affected by State control and domination by bureaucracy.’ Do you agree?
11.Rural Development
Conventional + Current
Test6 question5B+Test8Question5A=80%
6(b)
‘Efforts made towards administrative reforms so far have been lacking in congruence between strategy, structure and substance.’ Discuss with illustrations.
20
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
25
25
25
25
20
20
20
20
15
15
15
15
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
30
15
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10.Administrative Reforms since Independence
Unconventional
Test6 Question 1A=90%
7(a)
Indian administration is yet to fully appreciate and adopt the benefits of Information Technology. Elucidate.
11. Techniques of Administrative Improvement
Conventional + Current
Test7Question1C-80%
7(b)
What is an output-based performance budgeting system? Analyse this system in the context of India.
9.Financial Management
Conventional
Test3 Question2B+discussion=100%
8(b)
“Even though law and order administration is a State subject in the Indian Constitution, it is para-military and other kinds of security forces under the Union Government have grown in recent years.” Critically analyse the statement.
13.Law and Order Administration
Conventional
Test6 Question 6A-70%
Grand Total
30
30
30
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
20
20
20
20
509
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Analysis & Approach: Public Administration Mains Paper, 2012
Looking at this year’s paper(esp paper 1) & the last year’s paper & the average marks obtained by the candidates with this optional last year Public Administration cannot be established as one of the most successful and the safest of the optional available in the UPSC curriculum for civil services main examination. It is because, both the nature & type of questions asked are being changed on year per year basis, last year, almost 60% of the paper was from 2nd ARC & newspaper, while this year not even 5% was from current or ARC reports. At the same time, a process of remarkable change has also been enunciated in the quality as well as the quantity of the questions that are being asked now a days.
This should not be taken as a shock, surprising or something very unprecedented. UPSC has already shown its intention of change through various means- one of which being the new and drastically changed Preliminary Test.
This is evident in this year’s question paper which was not much applied or practical but non- conventional(esp- paper 1) in nature and shape. There is visual shift of focus. The paper can be called as lengthy that demanded the more innovative side of you. On the spot thinking, decision making & answer writing skills are the key tools to tackle such kind of paper(paper1). More relevance has to be given to the core basic Pub ad.
Here is an analysis of this year’s main paper with challenges, strategies and preparatory measures underlined:
CHALLENGES1- Mix of Conventional+ Un-conventional
2- Difficulty level increased(because of the unknown & un-heard thinkers asked in paper1)
3- Lengthy (more number of questions for same marks)
4- 30 markers have taken a backseat- more 15+15+15+15 or 20+20+20 questions.
5- Compulsory questions are more unpredictable, unconventional & are in the format of 12+12+12+12+12.
6- Non- predictable nature of paper(paper1).
While all the aforementioned points are reverse in case of paper 2, where the question paper is1- Conventional
2- Easy
3- Predictable
4- Lengthy
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UPSC has increased number of questions in order to reward horizontal knowledge. Now, they need both subject specialists with vertical knowledge & a wide learner with better ability to correlate
GS and Pub Ad. That can be seen by looking at the nature of the questions asked this year.
PREPARATION according to changed pattern should be on the following lines1- Thorough reading of text books, everything about widely known thinkers (like weber), contributions of the less-known thinkers and linking ability with pertinent issues of pub ad at hand.
2- By dividing the questions into 3 or 4 or 5 segments, upsc wants to cover many topics in a single question. If we compare the present pattern with the old one, we will find that UPSC is touching more number of topics. So, selective study is not going to help anymore.
3- SPEED has to be increased looking at the lengthy nature of the Q paper
4- UPSC says "no marks will be given for superficial knowledge"- accordingly, you have to maintain quality of the answer and stick to the word limit. No matter how much you are tempted to write more. On-spot smartness is the key.
5- Conceptual grasp is important than extensive in-depth preparation.
6- Clarity of thought/analytical ability/good writing skills.
In real life situations there are no ready-made solutions, so you have to prepare for the worst. Be sure, the coming mains will again be full of surprises but better prepare yourself for all the uncertainties. So, in order to help the aspirants correlate the dynamics of the subject and demands of UPSC better, an analysis of Public administration mains paper (2012) has been undertaken. o You’ve to answer total 5 questions out of 7 questions (5x 60 marks =300 Marks) o Q 1 and 5 are compulsory and this year their general break up was into 5 sub questions. o Paper is divided into two sections (A and B) and you’ve to at least attempt one question from each.
This year question paper was lengthier as along with Q 1 & 5, almost all other questions are also divided into 3-4 sub parts and no single question of straightaway 60 marks was asked.
PAPER - 1
Topics
Marks
Introduction
42
Administrative Thoughts
65
Organizations
40
Adm behaviour
30
Accountability and control
60
Adm law
60
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Development Dynamics
32
Comparative public administration
32
Personnel administration
12
Financial administration
12
Public Policy
62
Tech of adm improvement
60
You shouldn’t be swayed by the aforementioned distribution of marks for topics in this year question paper. Trend can very much change that too drastically next year. But some topics are showing constant trends like Thinkers.
Thinkers and theories still take up the major portion of paper 1 and are therefore very important for the next year too. But there is a remarkable & totally unexpected change, a number of statements of unheard thinkers, like Edgar Schein, Katz & Kahn, Geoffrey Vickers, Antonio Gramci, Wildavasky were asked.
-
‘Man’s motives … in different subparts of the same organization may be different’ [Edgar Schein]. Discuss.
-
Leadership is the ‘influential increment over and above mechanical compliance with the routine directives of the organization’ [Katz and Kahn]. Analyze.
-
‘Policy judgements comprise reality judgements, value judgements and instrumental judgements’ [Geoffrey Vickers]. Elucidate.
-
What light does Antonio Gramsci 's critique ofTaylorism throw on its socio-psychological underpinnings ?
-
‘Our normal expectation should be that new programs will fail to get off the ground and that, at best, they will take considerable time to get started. The cards in this world are stacked against things happening’ [Pressman and Wildavsky]. Comment.
-
‘Those who budget, deal with their overwhelming burdens by adopting heuristic aids to calculation’ [Wildavsky]. Explain.
Even the known thinker like Weber is asked in such a manner that hardly a candidate or two have answered the question‘In the canonization of this abstract idea of “Staatsraison’ are inseparably woven the sure instincts of the bureaucracy for the conditions which preserve its own power in the State’ [Weber].
Explain.
But, We can answer these questions , If we rationally think about the meaning of the statement given. All these questions demand on the spot thinking & application. Even the explanation of the line given in the quote-unquote will fetch you decent marks..except the Weber question, where the meaning of the German word “Staatsraison” needs to be known before answering the question.
19
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Rest of the questions are conventional & medium to easy in nature & could be easily tackled if you have thorough knowledge of the subject.
So, you need to prepare the subject thoroughly, conceptual understanding is must and along with it an applied, innovative and contemporary touch to every topic is must. (Prepare for uncertainties.. you never know UPSC can ask you to invent new training or budgeting method or can correlate a current event like corruption with faulty training and ask you for solutions).
Most of the questions are of general nature so don’t require in depth understanding of the topic rather conceptual clarity with wide knowledge of the related phenomenon. So, in 2013 expect more questions of the similar nature.
PAPER – 2
Topic
Marks
Evolution of Indian Adm
27
Union/State/Dist govt and adm
153
Public Sector Undertaking
12
Plans and priorities
10
Civil services
12
Adm reforms since Independence
50
Financial management
27
Rural development
42
Urban local govt
27
Law & order adm
45
Significant issues in Indian Administration
12
A remarkable change is noticed in 2012 public administration paper 2 as compared to 2009-10-11.
1. Very easy, conventional & predictable nature of paper
2. Attemptable & approachable
3. General nature & was not on expected lines( as we were earlier expecting more current affairs, ARC into it but it was below expectance & easy).
Paper 2 is easy and interesting and if you are able to link it with GS, then you have that extra edge which can fetch you decent marks. Next year, there could be total change in the nature of the questions asked, the questions could be more applied & current oriented. Important committees & commissions are important, significant issues are important, so keep reading the newspapers & relevant IJPA journals.
Be simple, write simple. They are not looking for scholars but people who understand the topic and can explain it well.
20
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Answer writing is an art. You can’t win the war if you don’t have a sharp weapon, doesn’t matter how much you know the subject… your presentation should be up to the mark. Public administration is indeed scoring only if you know what to write & how to write. Therefore, the best way to prepare for main examination is to actually write it in an examination like scenario and get evaluated by true experts with valuable comments and suggestions that is why it is also called as written examination. That is how you can grow, learn, be dynamic and come victorious.
Vision IAS is providing Interactive Main Test Series Programme for Public Administration under the guidance of expert team. Realising the fact that every student needs a strategy and a particular approach depending upon one’s background and up-bringing to tackle the modern main examination scenario, we are providing the individual interaction sessions with our experts so that time to time personal attention is given to nurture one’s progress. We have strengthened our hands with best of the minds available in the field and have incorporated adequate changes in our existing Online testing and guidance programme for Public Administration paper to suit the newer demands of the time.
Best wishes
Team Vision IAS
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Topic Wise Analysis of Public Administration Paper 1 (2012)
Question
Marks
General Comment
Future Strategy
Introduction
42
This year we have more questions than last year from this section.
“Public choice” and “evolution of discipline of Public Administration” were asked.
So next year, there is high chance of “Wilson”, “NPA”, and “NPM” to be asked. Wide and Out of Box study.
Nicholas Henry book also to be studied.
Adequate coverage of Topics like Wilson, NPA and NPM should be done from different sources.
Administrative
Thought
65
This year we have seen few questions asked from this section from last year. You should not be selective in this section, cover all the thinkers given in syllabus irrespective of whether it is asked last year or not.
As we have seen “Simon” was asked last year but this year it is again asked. For “Weber” you should give sufficient time in Brain storming and source available on Internet. And Jargons, mentioned regarding Weber should clearly be understood.
This year we have question, mixing up of two thinkers/approaches.
Administrative Thinkers should be thoroughly covered.
No shortcut means- do not restrict yourself to your class note and other limited/insufficient sources or materials. You should develop the ability of interrelating different approaches (as UPSC is following this trend).
There is high chance of Follet, C.I.Bernard and Participative Management to be asked next year.
Theorist comments/statements should also be given emphasis.
Administrative
Behaviour
30
Question on “Decision making”, “morale and motivation” and
“Leadership are asked” this year.
But their level is medium/difficult & partially un-conventional.
Unpopular thinker’s quotations are given more emphasis.
“Decision making” topic is very important and we should cover it thoroughly with good conceptual clarity and sufficient practice sessions.
You should not assume that topics given in this section are very easy and can be prepared in short span of time.
Read from varied sources (including internet). Do not confine yourself to few books & few thinkers.
Organisations
40
This year, questions directly related to “theories”.
And their level was little bit difficult than last year.
You should thoroughly cover each topics of this section.
Topics like headquarters and field relationship, board and commissions and public-pvt partnership might be asked next year.
Accountability and Control
60
As expected, this year also many questions are asked.
No direct questions.
Questions interlinked with current happening.
It seems RTI is favourite area of UPSC.
Strategy to cover this topic should be decided first. As topics are current oriented.
Don’t miss the latest development regarding the topics given in this section.
Keep editorial’s cuttings related to this section.
Develop the ability to relate this section with Paper2.
All the topics are important given in this section so prepare well with current affairs and internet.
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Administrative
LaW
60
Unexpectedly, lot of Questions are asked this year.
Questions can be answered easily if topics are covered thoroughly.
Many aspirants don’t focus adequate attention over this section and superficially prepare this section.
Try to thoroughly understand the topic and enrich your knowledge base with sundry sources.
“Delegated legislation” and “Administrative Tribunals” might be asked this year.
Comparative
Public
Administration
32
This year we have seen more Questions from this section.
Few questions are easy.
One direct questions from Riggs as expected.
Riggs model and their critique should be given more emphasis this year also.
Ecology & administration also important.
Development
Dynamics
32
Less questions than last year.
Nature was moderate.
Easily be answered if through coverage and have current linking ability.
Bureaucracy and development, impact of liberalisation might be asked this year.
Anti-development thesis & other mixed up questions with 2 or 3 topics from the same section could also be asked.
Integrate each topic with current happenings.
Personnel
Administration
12
Unexpectedly only one question this year.
Prepare for more Questions next year.
Performance Appraisals, Grievance redressal mechanism and Administrative ethics might be asked next year.
Supplement with ARC Report.
Important bills/Act and current happening regarding this topic should not be missed.
Public Policy
62
Not many Questions from this section.
Level of Questions little bit difficult and less known.
R.K.Sapru/or IGNOU M.A. booklet should be thoroughly covered. As it seems question directly picked up from there.
This section is very important for next year so good coverage and sufficient practice sessions are very important. The whole policy making, implementation, evaluation & monitoring process is important. Go through each topic thoroughly integrating each one of them with current happenings.
Techniques of
Administrative
Improvement
60
Questions were very practical/application type.
It seems PERT is favourite area of UPSC.
This section can no longer be ignored.
Next year CPM, MIS and O&M might be asked.
Only Theoretical understanding will not be going to work so practical/application aspect should also given more emphasis.
E-Governance is all time important topic, so prepare it well.
Financial
Administration
12
One Question from this section and that was little bit difficult in nature.
Other areas like monetary and fiscal policies, account and audit might be asked this year.
Try to focus more the important theorist’s/scholar’s comment/statement and grasp it well.
If one question asked this year that does not mean that same will be repeated next year. So thoroughly cover all the topics of this section.
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Topic Wise Analysis of Public Administration Paper 2 (2012)
Topics
Evolution of
Indian
Administration
Marks
General Comment
Questions were direct and easy.
•
Legacy of British rule, Kautilya might be asked next year.
•
27
•
Future Strategy
Direct but understanding based questions are expected to be asked next year too.
Philosophical and 0
Constitutional
framework of government: •
No direct Questions from this section.
•
We can expect more questions next year.
•
Prepare well this topic for next year.
•
Basic understanding of the topic is must as questions from this particular section will demand analytical bend of mind+ ability to substantiate with examples.
Public Sector
Undertakings
•
One question asked from this section and that was direct and easy. •
Topics like Problems of autonomy, accountability and control and Impact of liberalization and privatization might be asked next year.
•
We have seen only one subtopic is asked so other subtopics are highly important for next year.
•
Also focus the current happening /editorials regarding this topic.
•
It seems that UPSC asked question of this topic interlinking with current happening.
•
As expected many questions asked this year.
•
•
All the Questions were very direct and easy.
This year questions were direct and easy but it doesn’t mean that same will be repeated next year also.
•
Questions on the popular statements given this year (2012-13) by the political leaders or commissions could be asked.
•
Prepare more complex and challenging type questions for next year.
•
You can practice questions for this topic from news paper editorials also.
•
Indicative Planning and National Development Council asked this year so Planning
Commission, Decentralised Planning might be asked next year.
•
Relevant part of important commissions should be covered well.
•
Keep abreast with the current happening.
•
Try to correlate with the Indian economic and if time permit then cover “Uma Kapila”.
Union
Government and
Administration
Plans and
Priorities
12
76
10
•
Questions were direct and easy.
•
It highlights the importance of commissions like Sarkaria, arc etc.
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Two Questions were asked this year.
•
Chief Secretary and Governor asked this year.
•
Their nature was easy and direct.
•
It is high possibility that union state relation, Finance commission to be asked.
Relevant recommendations of Second ARC, Sarkaria, and Punchhi commission should be supplemented with.
•
37
•
•
State
Government and
Administration
This topic is highly important so adequate practice sessions, lot of brainstorming and sufficient analysis should be done.
Two Questions were asked this year.
•
Keep up to date with the current happening.
•
Their nature was direct and easy.
•
Analytical approach required to deal with the sub-topics of this section
•
40
•
One question was current oriented and very analytical type and could be answered if “the Hindu” covered well.
•
Relevant issues of Kurukshetra, the Hindu Editorials and Recommendations of ARC should be covered well.
•
District
Administration
since
Independence
Relevant IJPA articles is a must
We have single Question this year.
•
More questions expected to be asked, so prepare well for next year.
Its nature was easy and direct.
•
Correlate with the first paper (personnel Administration).
•
12
•
•
Civil Services
Second ARC should be supplemented with.
Two Questions were asked this year.
•
Correlate with the first paper (Financial Administration).
•
27
•
Its nature was very easy, direct and conventional type.
•
Be crystal clear about the concepts.
•
Financial management We can expect more questions next year.
27
Its nature was direct and easy/medium.
•
Be more analytical in covering this topic (Past, Present & Future).
•
Two Questions were asked this year.
•
Their nature was direct and easy/medium.
Relevant issues of Kurukshetra and relevant Chapters of India Year Book should be covered well. Panchayati Raj is also important for this year.
Keep an eye on related articles of “The Hindu” & IJPA.
•
Relevant issues of Kurukshetra and relevant Chapters of India Year Book should be covered well. •
Urban Local
Government
Second ARC should be covered well.
•
42
•
•
Rural
Development
Single Question was asked this year.
•
50
•
•
Administrative
Reforms since
Independence
Keep an eye on related Articles of “The Hindu” & IJPA.
•
Two Questions were asked this year.
•
Their nature was direct and easy/medium.
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Try to cover the various important committees and commissions.
Their nature was direct and easy/medium.
•
Criminalisation of Politics; & Police and Public relation might be asked next year.
We have seen the importance of various committees/commissions. •
Please refer to the internet for more understanding of the topic & current developments.
•
We have single Question this year.
•
NHRC and Disaster Management might be asked next year.
•
Its nature was moderate and applied.
•
Corruption was in limelight this year.
Citizen -administration interface, corruption & administration are the hot topics for the coming years.
•
Keep abreast with the current happening.
•
12
•
•
45
Two Questions were asked this year.
•
Significant issues in Indian
Administration
•
•
Law and Order
Administration
Also spare more time on Internet.
Special Note: For more details & in-depth analysis of any section of Public Administration paper or any other clarification regarding this strategic analysis paper please mail us.
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ANALYSIS / APPROACH / SOURCE / STRATEGY: PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION MAINS 2012 PAPER
- TEAM VISION IAS
Questions
Q. No.
Mark s Topic
Sub Topic
Level
Natur e Primary Source/
Chapter
Secondary Resource/
Chapter
From Vision IAS Test
Series (% comparison/ similarity) PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PAPER – I
‘On a more sophisticated plane public choice is concerned with
“Pareto optimality”, or at least with “Pareto improvements”.’
Comment.
1(a)
Policy Evaluation criteria Diffic ult Unconv entiona l
IGNOU booklet on public policy +Public
Administration and Public
Affairs-Nicholas Henry
Unconv entiona l
-
15
Public policy
Max weber
Very
Diffic
ult
‘In the canonization of this abstract idea of “Staatsraison’ are inseparably woven the sure instincts of the bureaucracy for the conditions which preserve its own power in the State’
[Weber]. Explain.
1(b)
15
Administrative
Thought
‘Man’s motives … in different subparts of the same organization may be different’ [Edgar Schein]. Discuss.
1(c)
15
Administrative
Behaviour
Morale and
Motivation
Diffic ult Unconv entiona l
Organizational culture & leadership- Edgar Schein
A Leader role in organization Diffic ult Unconv entiona l
“The social psychology of organizations” by Katz &
Kahn
Policy making
Diffic ult Unconv entiona l
The art of Judgement: A study of policy makingGeoffrey Vickers
Leadership is the ‘influential increment over and above mechanical compliance with the routine directives of the organization’ [Katz and Kahn]. Analyze.
1(d)
15
Administrative
Behaviour
‘Policy judgements comprise reality judgements, value judgements and instrumental judgements’ [Geoffrey Vickers].
Elucidate.
1(e)
15
Public policy
1
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How would you trace the development of Public
Administration in terms of different paradigms from the politics/administration dichotomy of 1900-1926 to the rise of
Public Administration as Public Administration after the formation of the National Association of Schools of Public
Affairs and Administration (NASPAA) in the USA in 1970 ?
In what respects is Taylor’s Scientific Management’ or classical motivational theory different from the classical organizational theory expounded by Gulick, Urwick etc.?
2(a)
2(b)(i)
30
Introduction
Evolution of the discipline 15
Administrative
Thought
Scientific management and classical theory
Scientific management Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional Public Administration and
Public Affairs- Nicholas
Henry/ IGNOU notes
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional Administrative ThinkersP& P,
TMH Public adminLaxmikant, Mohit
Bhattacharya,Fadia &
Fadia, Ignou Notes
Mediu Unconv m/Dif entiona l ficult
What light does Antonio Gramsci 's critique ofTaylorism throw on its socio-psychological underpinnings ?
2(b)(ii)
15
Administrative
Thought
‘Three features characterize Simon’s original view of bounded rationality: search for alternatives, satisficing, and aspiration adaptation.’ Elucidate.
3(a)
20
Administrative
Thought
Simon’s decisionmaking theory
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional New Horizons of Pub adMohit Bhattacharya, TMH
Laxmikant
‘The essence of the contingency theory paradigm is that organizational effectiveness results from fitting characteristics of the organization, such as its structure, to contingencies that reflect the situation of the organization.’ Give your reactions to this statement.
3(b)(i)
20
Organizations
Contingency theory Mediu m Conve ntional R.K. Jain Public Sector
Undertakings
In the light of your discussion on 3(b) (i) above, also show where and how this ‘fitting’ differs essentially from the
‘coping’ with ‘stress’ from the environment emphasized by the systems theory of organization.
3(b)(ii)
20
Organizations
Systems theory
20
Accountability and control
20
Accountability and control
‘Open access to government records is … the hallmark of democratic government’, but ‘governments are not hesitant about destroying records – very deliberately – in order to prevent investigations, as well as to generally weaken accountability’. Do you think that in this situation right to information can go to the extent of demanding complete declassification and ‘de- archivization’ of government records?
Argue.
Should media exposure be included in rules for administrative accountability in India? State your views.
4(a)
4(b)
Mediu Unconv m/Dif entiona l ficult
Mohit Bhattacharya New
Horizons of Public
Administration
Test 7 Question 6B(80%)
R.K. Jain Public Sector
Undertaking
RTI
Mediu m Conve ntional +
Current
RTI- ignou notes, related
IJPA journals
Test3 Question7B=60%
Role of Media
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional +
Current
Ignou notes, IJPA journals
Test 3 Question 5B-80%
2
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Comment on the role of Civil Society in facilitating administrative accountability with special reference to the
‘Janlokpal’ issue in India.
‘Rigg’s classification of societies into fused, prismatic, and differentiation.’ Analyze.
‘The anti-development thesis … reduces development to an idea without history, impervious to change’, but ‘fails to take account of the fact that for all its faults, development can be empowering.’ Discuss.
The ‘selection model of recruitment rests on the assumption that the primary needs to be met are those of the organization.’ Examine.
4(c)
5(a)
5(b)
5(c)
20
Accountability and control
Civil society
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional +
Current
12
Comparative
Public
Administration
Riggsian model
Easy
Conve ntional 12
Development
Dynamics
Anti-development thesis Mediu m Conve ntional Development
Administration by Mohit
Bhattacharya
12
Personnel
Administration
O Glenn Stahl Public
Personnel Administration
S.L. Goel Personnel
Administration in India
Unconv entiona l
Advance Books
Unconv entiona l
Politics of Budgetary process –Wildavsky
Test 3 Question2B+Test10
Question4B2-40%
Bureaucracy & development administration – Mohit
Bhattacharya
test -3 Question 8(c),6(B)60%
public policy
Implementation
‘Those who budget, deal with their overwhelming burdens by adopting heuristic aids to calculation’ [Wildavsky]. Explain.
5(e)
12
Financial
Administration
Budgetary process
Diffic ult 20
Administrative
Law
Dicey on
Administrative law
Mediu Unconv entiona m l 20
test 2 question 4A-65%
Conve ntional 12
6(b)
R.K. Sapru’s
Development
Administration
Test 2 Question 5C + Test7
Question 1A-70%
Easy
5(d)
Would you agree that the strong Rechsstaat version of the rule of law found on the Continent never existed in England because of its particular history?
R.K. Arora Comparative
Public Administration
Recruitment
Diffic ult 6(a)
Test9 Question 8A1-75%
Mohit Bhattacharya New
Horizons of Public
Administration
Administrative Thinkers-P
&P
Public administration: a comparative perspectiveFerrel Heady
‘Our normal expectation should be that new programs will fail to get off the ground and that, at best, they will take considerable time to get started. The cards in this world are stacked against things happening’ [Pressman and Wildavsky].
Comment.
Do you think that there is an unresolved and often overlooked tension in Dicey’s concept of rule of law, considering that the other principle of parliamentary sovereignty in English constitutional system runs counter to it?
IJPA journals, newspapers
Administrative
Law
Meaning
Mediu Unconv entiona m l Test 8 Question 1C-50%
Program Evaluation and the Management of
Government
By Ray C. Rist
http://books.google.co. in/books?id=UkWr0wgL _M0C&pg=PA185&lpg=
PA185&dq=Rechtsstaat
&source=bl&ots=OKeqc
1SifL&sig=zzBRXqb7PAy
Fx43XnhH3Z0XQ7QY&h l=en&sa=X&ei=HEd4UIz 3
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6MsTJrAfzloGABA&ved
=0CD8Q6AEwAw
Why is le droit administratif regarded alongside the
Napoleonic Code as the most notable achievement of French legal science?
Comment on the reasons why universal theory remains elusive in comparative public administration.
Given the importance of the issue of sex equality in development do you think the self-help group movement adequately addresses absence of women in the former mainstream development agenda?
6(c)
7(a)
7(b)
20
Administrative
Law
Meaning, scope
Mediu m Conve ntional Massey administrative law, M.P. Jain adm law
20
Comparative
Public
Administration
Current status of comparative public administration Easy/ mediu m
Conve ntional Ferrel Heady Public
Administration – A
Comparative Perspective
R.K. Arora Comparative
Public Administration
20
Development
Dynamics
SHG movement
Easy/ mediu m
Conve ntional +
Current
Related IJPA journals+
Development
Administration by Mohit
Bhattacharya
R.K. Sapru’s
Development
Administration
Bachrach and Baratz second dimension of power: nondecisionmaking
http://homepages.abdn.a
c.uk/p.bernhagen/pages/
Power_JPR.pdf
Mediu Unconv m/Dif entiona l ficult
Would you agree with Bachrach and Baratz that along with decisions, non-decisions are also part of policy? Give reasons for your answer.
7(c)
20
Public policy
Policy making
‘Relations are the building blocks of network analysis’ — In the light of this statement summarize the form and content of relations in ‘network analysis’.
8(a)(i)
15
Techniques of
Administrative
Improvement
Network analysis
Mediu m Conve ntional P.R. Dubbashi
Administrative Reforms
PERT
Conve ntional P.R. Dubbashi
Administrative Reforms
G.E. Gaiden
Administrative Reforms
PERT
Easy/ mediu m
Unconv entiona l
Test 2 Question1C+test7
Question3B-50%
G.E. Gaiden
Administrative Reforms
Easy/ mediu m
Test 2 Question 8A and 8B70%
Trace the background and development of PERT of enumerate the steps involved in the application of PERT.
8(a)(ii)
15
Techniques of
Administrative
Improvement
Draw a simple PERT chart for a seminar planning project.
8(a)(iii)
15
Techniques of
Administrative
Improvement
Test3 Question5D+
Discussion=100%
Test3 Question5D+
Discussion=100%
4
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‘The apparent demise of e-Government and e- Business as the main organizing principles of society has created the conditions for the rise of e-Governance from the ashes’ — In the context of the above statement show the distinctions between e-Government and e- Governance.
8(b)
15
Techniques of
Administrative
Improvement
e- Governance
Easy/ mediu m
Conve ntional test3
Question7C+Test9Question
4B2+discussion=100%
Related IJPA journals
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PAPER – II
“The Mughal Administrative System was military rule by nature and a form of centralized despotism.” Analyse.
‘Judges should not govern the country. They can lay down a law, not interfere with governance.’ Discuss.
1(a)
1(b)
Related IJPA Journals
Public Enterprises in
India by Laxminarain
Cabinet
Diffic ult Conve ntional +
Current
Indian Public
Administration by Rajni
Goyal and R.K. Arora
S.R. Maheswari Local
Government in India
Public Sector
Undertakings
Easy
Conve ntional R.K. Jain Public Sector
Undertakings
J.D. Shukla State
Administration
Conve ntional Related IJPA journals
T.N. Chaturvedi District
Administration
Conve ntional Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal + IGNOU notes A. Awasthi Central
Administration
12
Union
Government and
Administration
Judiciary structure, functions, work processes 12
“Memorandum of Understanding’ scheme between the
Government and Public enterprises has forced public undertakings to improve their overall performance.” Do you agree with this statement?
1(d)
12
Public Sector
Undertakings
12
Urban Local
Government
2(a)
Conve ntional +
Current
Easy
1(c)
“The success and prestige enjoyed by a Chief Secretary depend, to a large extent, upon his equations with the varied sets of people and institutions that form the work environment.” Critically evaluate the statement and its relevance to the role of the Chief Secretary in the discharge of his functions.
Easy/
Mediu
m
Mughal administration Union
Government and
Administration
1(e)
B.N. Puri Administrative
History of India (Vol. I, II and III)
12
Critically examine the variables in the composition and functioning of Cabinet Committees.
To what extent has the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act created a ‘federation within a federation’ in India?
Conve ntional Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal
Evolution of
Indian
Administration
12
Easy/
74th Constitutional
Mediu
Amendment m State
Government and
Administration
Chief Secretary
Easy
test4 Question 5A-70%
Test10 Question4b1=40%
5
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In the exercise of his/her functions, the President of India is a mere Convenient working hypothesis. Do you agree with this view? Justify your reasoning with illustrations.
2(b)
‘Parliamentary Departmental Committees have played their role effectively in analyzing the demands for grants.’ Evaluate.
3(a)
Explain the emerging ambiguity in respect of the developmental role of the District Collector in the wake of the
73rd Constitutional Amendment Act.
Justify ‘indicative’ planning in the context of LPG.
‘Parliament is an independent institution, not to be seen as an extension of government or of a party. Elaborate.
‘The authority of the Governor in the discretionary fields is not unrestrained. If it is misused … the President can check him/her and if necessary, he may even remove the Governor.’
Examine this statement critically in the context of the Office of the Governor.
3(b)(i)
3(b)(ii)
3(c)
4(a)
12
Union
Government and
Administration
Executive
Easy
Conve ntional 20
Union
Government and
Administration
Parliament
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional 10
District
Administration
since
Independence
Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal + IGNOU notes 10
Plans and
Priorities
20
Union
Government and
Administration
Changing role of the Collector
Easy
Conve ntional ‘Indicative’ planning Easy
Conve ntional Parliament
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional Test5
Question7a+Test8Question3
A=90%
Fadia & Fadia + Indian
Public Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal
Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal + Fadia &
Fadia
Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal + Fadia &
Fadia
J.D. Shukla State
Administration
Test10Question7A-80%
Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal
P.R. Dubbashi
Administrative Reforms
Test4 Question8B=80%
B.N. Puri Administrative
History of India (Vol. I, II and III)
Test10Question8a1=20%
Governor
Important
Committees and
Commissions
Easy
Conve ntional Kautilya’s
Arthashastra
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional 4(b)
20
Administrative
Reforms since
Independence
‘The Arthashastra is a book of political realism.’ Elaborate.
4(c)
15
Evolution of
Indian
Administration
Test4 Question1A=100%
Conve ntional State
Government and
Administration
Discuss the recommendations of the Sarkaria Commission in respect of the National Development Council for improving
Centre-State planning relations.
Test4Question8c+test5 question6b=70% Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal
25
Easy
Test5 Question4B=70%
6
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‘Bureaucrats should not play politics, but understand how politics works.’ Comment.
‘Good governance is closely aligned with effective democratic governance.’ Elaborate.
‘Corruption is more of an environmental than an administrative problem.’ Discuss.
‘Questions represent a powerful technique of parliamentary control over expenditure.’ Explain.
‘Panchayati Raj Institutions are still affected by State control and domination by bureaucracy.’ Do you agree?
Local self-government in India is the interplay of several factors – historical, ideological, and administrative. Critically examine these factors.
‘Efforts made towards administrative reforms so far have been lacking in congruence between strategy, structure and substance.’ Discuss with illustrations.
Indian administration is yet to fully appreciate and adopt the benefits of Information Technology. Elucidate.
5(a)
5(b)
5(c)
5(d)
5(e)
6(a)
6(b)
7(a)
12
Civil service neutrality Civil Services
Easy/ Unconv
Mediu entiona l m
Related IJPA journals
Test4 Question1B=100%
Related IJPA journals
Test1
Question8b+Test8Question4
B1=70%
12
Introduction
Good governance
Easy
Conve ntional +
Current
12
Significant issues in Indian
Administration
Corruption and administration Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional +
Current
Related IJPA journals+
Newspaper
Indian Admn. by R.B.
Jain
Test6 Question2A=60%
Easy
Conve ntional Indian Public
Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal
IGNOU Lessons on
Financial Administration
Test8Question3A=90%
Easy
Conve ntional +
Current
S.R. Maheswari Local
Government in India
Local Govt. by S.L. Goel
Test6 question5B+Test8Question5 A=80%
S.R. Maheswari Local
Government in India
Fadia & Fadia + Indian
Public Administration:
Institutions and IssuesRamesh Kumar Arora,
Rajni Goyal
12
Financial
Management
Parliamentary control of public expenditure 12
Rural
Development
Decentralization and Panchayati Raj
30
Rural
Development
Issues ( Rural
Development +
Urban Local
Government)
Mediu m 30
Administrative
Reforms since
Independence
Major concerns
Mediu Unconv entiona m l P.R. Dubbashi
Administrative Reforms
Test6 Question 1A=90%
15
Techniques of
Administrative
Improvement
Information
Technology
Conve ntional +
Current
IGNOU Lessons on
Financial Administration
Test7Question1C-80%
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional 7
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What is an output-based performance budgeting system?
Analyse this system in the context of India.
NGOs demand greater autonomy from the State and are now
‘new actors’ in development. How effective are they as instruments of decentralization and debureaucratization?
Critically evaluate.
Compare and contrast the Padmanabhaiah, Ribiero and
Mallinath Committee Reports.
7(b)
7(c)
8(a)
15
Financial
Management
Budgeting system
Easy/
Mediu
m
30
District
Administration
since
Independence
Democratic decentralization+ development dynamics Easy/ Unconv
Mediu entiona l m
Fadia & Fadia
25
Law and Order
Administration
Police committees/comm issions
Mediu m Conve ntional Fadia & Fadia
Easy/
Mediu
m
Conve ntional Basic Reference Books
Mediu Unconv entiona m l Basic Reference Books
“Even though law and order administration is a State subject in the Indian Constitution, it is para-military and other kinds of security forces under the Union Government have grown in recent years.” Critically analyse the statement.
8(b)
20
Law and Order
Administration
Role of central and state agencies including paramilitary forces in maintenance of law and order and countering insurgency and terrorism How does New Localism impact Centre-State-Local relations in the era of LPG?
8(c)
15
Urban Local
Government
New localism
Conve ntional Basic Reference Books
Test3
Question2B+classroom =
100%
Test6 Question 6A-70%
8
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TOPIC / SUB TOPICS ANALYSIS paper 1
Row Labels
1. Introduction
Evolution of the discipline
2. Administrative Thought
Max weber
Scientific management
Scientific management and classical theory
Simon’s decision-making theory
3. Administrative Behaviour
A Leader role in organisation
Morale and Motivation
4. Organizations contingency theory
Systems theory
5. Accountability and control
Civil society
Role of Media
RTI
6. Administrative Law
Dicey on Administrative law meaning meaning, scope
7. Comparative Public Administration current status of comparative public administration
Riggsian model
8. Development Dynamics
Anti-development thesis
SHG movement
9.Personnel Administration
Recruitment
10. public policy
Implementation
Policy Evaluation criteria policy making
11. Techniques of Administrative Improvement e- Governance
Network analysis
PERT
12. Financial Administration
Budgetary process
Grand Total
70
Sum of Marks
30
30
65
15
15
15
20
30
15
15
40
20
20
60
20
20
20
60
20
20
20
32
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
20
12
32
12
20
12
12
62
12
15
35
60
15
15
30
12
12
495
9
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paper
2
Row Labels
Sum of Marks
1.Evolution of Indian Administration
Decentralization and Panchayati Raj
25
Role of central and state agencies including paramilitary forces in maintenance of law and order and countering insurgency and terrorism
15
12
12
12
45
Police committees/commissions
27
Kautilya’s Arthashastra
Mughal administration
3.Public Sector Undertakings
Public Sector Undertakings
4.Union Government and
Administration
Cabinet
Executive
Judiciary - structure, functions, work processes Parliament
5.Plans and Priorities
‘Indicative’ planning
6.State Government and
Administration
Chief Secretary
Governor
7.District Administration since
Independence
Changing role of the Collector democratic decentralization+ development dynamics
8.Civil Services
Civil service neutrality
9.Financial Management
Budgeting system
Parliamentary control of public expenditure 10.Administrative Reforms since
Independence
Important Committees and
Commissions
Major concerns
11.Rural Development
13.Law and Order Administration
20
14.Significant issues in Indian
Administration
Corruption and administration
15. Introduction ( Paper I )
Good governance
76
12
12
12
12
12
12
16. Techniques of Administrative
Improvement ( Paper I )
40
10
10
15
Information Technolog
Grand Total
12
15
444
37
80
12
25
70
40
60
10
50
30
40
12
12
27
15
30
20
10
12
0
50
20
30
42
12
Issues ( Rural Development+Urban
Local Government)
30
12.Urban Local Government
74th Constitutional Amendment
New localism
27
12
15
10
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DIFFICULTY ANALYSIS paper 1 paper Row Labels
Difficult
Easy
Sum of Marks
84
24
Easy/Medium
Medium
190
127
Medium/Difficult
55
Very Difficult
15
Grand Total
2
495
Row
Row Labels
Difficult
Difficult
Easy
Sum of Marks
12
149
Easy/Medium
Medium
Medium
183
100
Grand
Grand Total
444
Paper 2
Paper 1
Difficult
3%
Medium
22%
11%
3%
17%
Easy
34%
Difficult
Difficult
5%
Easy
Easy
26%
Difficult
Easy/Medium
Easy/Medium
Medium
38%
Easy/Medium
41%
Medium
Medium/Difficult
Very Difficult
11
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NATURE ANALYSIS
ANALYSIS
paper paper 2
1
Row
Row Labels
282
75
Unconventional
Unconventional
87
Grand
Grand Total
Sum of Marks
Conventional
Conventional
Conventional
Conventional
Conventional + Current
Row Labels
Sum of Marks
444
206
Conventional + Current
80
Unconventional
209
Grand Total
495
Paper 2
Paper 1
Unconventional
20%
Conventional
42%
Unconventional
42%
Conventional
Conventional
63%
Conventional
Conventional + Current
Conventional + Current
Unconventional
Unconventional
Conventional
Conventional +
Current
17%
Conventional +
Current
16%
12
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS: Vision IAS Test Series vs UPSC Questions (% comparison/ similarity)
Row Labels
Sum of Marks
1
3(b)(i)
‘The essence of the contingency theory paradigm is that organizational effectiveness results from fitting characteristics of the organization, such as its structure, to contingencies that reflect the situation of the organization.’ Give your reactions to this statement.
4. Organizations
Conventional
Test 7 Question 6B(80%)
4(a)
‘Open access to government records is … the hallmark of democratic government’, but ‘governments are not hesitant about destroying records – very deliberately – in order to prevent investigations, as well as to generally weaken accountability’. Do you think that in this situation right to information can go to the extent of demanding complete declassification and ‘dearchivization’ of government records? Argue.
5. Accountability and control
Conventional + Current
Test3 Question7B=60%
4(b)
Should media exposure be included in rules for administrative accountability in India? State your views.
5. Accountability and control
Conventional + Current
Test 3 Question 5B-80%
4(c)
Comment on the role of Civil Society in facilitating administrative accountability with special reference to the ‘Janlokpal’ issue in India.
5. Accountability and control
Conventional + Current
Test9 Question 8A1-75%
5(a)
‘Rigg’s classification of societies into fused, prismatic, and differentiation.’ Analyze.
7. Comparative Public Administration
Conventional
Test 2 Question 5C + Test7 Question 1A-70%
5(b)
‘The anti-development thesis … reduces development to an idea without history, impervious to change’, but ‘fails to take account of the fact that for all its faults, development can be empowering.’ Discuss.
8. Development Dynamics
Conventional
test 2 question 4A-65%
5(c)
The ‘selection model of recruitment rests on the assumption that the primary needs to be met are those of the organization.’ Examine.
9.Personnel Administration
Conventional
Test 8 Question 1C-50%
5(e)
‘Those who budget, deal with their overwhelming burdens by adopting heuristic aids to calculation’ [Wildavsky]. Explain.
12. Financial Administration
Unconventional
233
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
13
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Test 3 Question2B+Test10Question4B2-40%
6(a)
Do you think that there is an unresolved and often overlooked tension in Dicey’s concept of rule of law, considering that the other principle of parliamentary sovereignty in English constitutional system runs counter to it?
6. Administrative Law
Unconventional
test -3 Question 8(c),6(B)-60%
7(a)
Comment on the reasons why universal theory remains elusive in comparative public administration.
7. Comparative Public Administration
Conventional
Test2 Question 8A and 8B-70%
7(b)
Given the importance of the issue of sex equality in development do you think the self-help group movement adequately addresses absence of women in the former mainstream development agenda?
8. Development Dynamics
Conventional + Current
Test 2 Question1C+test7 Question3B-50%
8(a)(ii)
Trace the background and development of PERT of enumerate the steps involved in the application of PERT.
11. Techniques of Administrative Improvement
Conventional
Test3 Question5D+Class Discussion=100%
8(a)(iii)
Draw a simple PERT chart for a seminar planning project.
11. Techniques of Administrative Improvement
Unconventional
Test3 Question5D+Class Discussion=100%
8(b)
‘The apparent demise of e-Government and e- Business as the main organizing principles of society has created the conditions for the rise of e-Governance from the ashes’ — In the context of the above statement show the distinctions between e-Government and e- Governance.
11. Techniques of Administrative Improvement
Conventional
test3 Question7C+Test9Question4B2+classroom=100%
2
1(a)
“The Mughal Administrative System was military rule by nature and a form of centralized despotism.” Analyse.
1.Evolution of Indian Administration
Conventional
test4 Question 5A-70%
1(e)
To what extent has the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act created a ‘federation within a federation’ in India?
12.Urban Local Government
Conventional
Test10 Question4b1=40%
2(b)
In the exercise of his/her functions, the President of India is a mere Convenient working hypothesis. Do you agree with this view? Justify your reasoning with illustrations.
4.Union Government and Administration
Conventional
Test5 Question4B=70%
3(a)
‘Parliamentary Departmental Committees have played their role effectively in analyzing the demands for grants.’ Evaluate.
4.Union Government and Administration
Conventional
12
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
276
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
20
20
20
14
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Test5 Question7a+Test8Question3A=90%
3(b)(i)
Explain the emerging ambiguity in respect of the developmental role of the District Collector in the wake of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act.
7.District Administration since Independence
Conventional
Test4Question8c+test5 question6b=70%
3(b)(ii)
Justify ‘indicative’ planning in the context of LPG.
5.Plans and Priorities
Conventional
Test4 Question1A=100%
4(a)
‘The authority of the Governor in the discretionary fields is not unrestrained. If it is misused … the President can check him/her and if necessary, he may even remove the Governor.’
Examine this statement critically in the context of the Office of the Governor.
6.State Government and Administration
Conventional
Test10Question7A-80%
4(b)
Discuss the recommendations of the Sarkaria Commission in respect of the National Development Council for improving Centre-State planning relations.
10.Administrative Reforms since Independence
Conventional
Test4 Question8B=80%
4(c)
‘The Arthashastra is a book of political realism.’ Elaborate.
1.Evolution of Indian Administration
Conventional
Test10Question8a1=20%
5(a)
‘Bureaucrats should not play politics, but understand how politics works.’ Comment.
8.Civil Services
Unconventional
Test4 Question1B=100%
5(b)
‘Good governance is closely aligned with effective democratic governance.’ Elaborate.
1. Introduction
Conventional + Current
Test1 Question8b+Test8Question4B1=70%
5(c)
‘Corruption is more of an environmental than an administrative problem.’ Discuss.
14.Significant issues in Indian Administration
Conventional + Current
Test6 Question2A=60%
5(d)
‘Questions represent a powerful technique of parliamentary control over expenditure.’ Explain.
9.Financial Management
Conventional
Test8Question3A=90%
5(e)
‘Panchayati Raj Institutions are still affected by State control and domination by bureaucracy.’ Do you agree?
11.Rural Development
Conventional + Current
Test6 question5B+Test8Question5A=80%
6(b)
‘Efforts made towards administrative reforms so far have been lacking in congruence between strategy, structure and substance.’ Discuss with illustrations.
20
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
25
25
25
25
20
20
20
20
15
15
15
15
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
30
15
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10.Administrative Reforms since Independence
Unconventional
Test6 Question 1A=90%
7(a)
Indian administration is yet to fully appreciate and adopt the benefits of Information Technology. Elucidate.
11. Techniques of Administrative Improvement
Conventional + Current
Test7Question1C-80%
7(b)
What is an output-based performance budgeting system? Analyse this system in the context of India.
9.Financial Management
Conventional
Test3 Question2B+discussion=100%
8(b)
“Even though law and order administration is a State subject in the Indian Constitution, it is para-military and other kinds of security forces under the Union Government have grown in recent years.” Critically analyse the statement.
13.Law and Order Administration
Conventional
Test6 Question 6A-70%
Grand Total
30
30
30
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
20
20
20
20
509
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Analysis & Approach: Public Administration Mains Paper, 2012
Looking at this year’s paper(esp paper 1) & the last year’s paper & the average marks obtained by the candidates with this optional last year Public Administration cannot be established as one of the most successful and the safest of the optional available in the UPSC curriculum for civil services main examination. It is because, both the nature & type of questions asked are being changed on year per year basis, last year, almost 60% of the paper was from 2nd ARC & newspaper, while this year not even 5% was from current or ARC reports. At the same time, a process of remarkable change has also been enunciated in the quality as well as the quantity of the questions that are being asked now a days.
This should not be taken as a shock, surprising or something very unprecedented. UPSC has already shown its intention of change through various means- one of which being the new and drastically changed Preliminary Test.
This is evident in this year’s question paper which was not much applied or practical but non- conventional(esp- paper 1) in nature and shape. There is visual shift of focus. The paper can be called as lengthy that demanded the more innovative side of you. On the spot thinking, decision making & answer writing skills are the key tools to tackle such kind of paper(paper1). More relevance has to be given to the core basic Pub ad.
Here is an analysis of this year’s main paper with challenges, strategies and preparatory measures underlined:
CHALLENGES1- Mix of Conventional+ Un-conventional
2- Difficulty level increased(because of the unknown & un-heard thinkers asked in paper1)
3- Lengthy (more number of questions for same marks)
4- 30 markers have taken a backseat- more 15+15+15+15 or 20+20+20 questions.
5- Compulsory questions are more unpredictable, unconventional & are in the format of 12+12+12+12+12.
6- Non- predictable nature of paper(paper1).
While all the aforementioned points are reverse in case of paper 2, where the question paper is1- Conventional
2- Easy
3- Predictable
4- Lengthy
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UPSC has increased number of questions in order to reward horizontal knowledge. Now, they need both subject specialists with vertical knowledge & a wide learner with better ability to correlate
GS and Pub Ad. That can be seen by looking at the nature of the questions asked this year.
PREPARATION according to changed pattern should be on the following lines1- Thorough reading of text books, everything about widely known thinkers (like weber), contributions of the less-known thinkers and linking ability with pertinent issues of pub ad at hand.
2- By dividing the questions into 3 or 4 or 5 segments, upsc wants to cover many topics in a single question. If we compare the present pattern with the old one, we will find that UPSC is touching more number of topics. So, selective study is not going to help anymore.
3- SPEED has to be increased looking at the lengthy nature of the Q paper
4- UPSC says "no marks will be given for superficial knowledge"- accordingly, you have to maintain quality of the answer and stick to the word limit. No matter how much you are tempted to write more. On-spot smartness is the key.
5- Conceptual grasp is important than extensive in-depth preparation.
6- Clarity of thought/analytical ability/good writing skills.
In real life situations there are no ready-made solutions, so you have to prepare for the worst. Be sure, the coming mains will again be full of surprises but better prepare yourself for all the uncertainties. So, in order to help the aspirants correlate the dynamics of the subject and demands of UPSC better, an analysis of Public administration mains paper (2012) has been undertaken. o You’ve to answer total 5 questions out of 7 questions (5x 60 marks =300 Marks) o Q 1 and 5 are compulsory and this year their general break up was into 5 sub questions. o Paper is divided into two sections (A and B) and you’ve to at least attempt one question from each.
This year question paper was lengthier as along with Q 1 & 5, almost all other questions are also divided into 3-4 sub parts and no single question of straightaway 60 marks was asked.
PAPER - 1
Topics
Marks
Introduction
42
Administrative Thoughts
65
Organizations
40
Adm behaviour
30
Accountability and control
60
Adm law
60
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Development Dynamics
32
Comparative public administration
32
Personnel administration
12
Financial administration
12
Public Policy
62
Tech of adm improvement
60
You shouldn’t be swayed by the aforementioned distribution of marks for topics in this year question paper. Trend can very much change that too drastically next year. But some topics are showing constant trends like Thinkers.
Thinkers and theories still take up the major portion of paper 1 and are therefore very important for the next year too. But there is a remarkable & totally unexpected change, a number of statements of unheard thinkers, like Edgar Schein, Katz & Kahn, Geoffrey Vickers, Antonio Gramci, Wildavasky were asked.
-
‘Man’s motives … in different subparts of the same organization may be different’ [Edgar Schein]. Discuss.
-
Leadership is the ‘influential increment over and above mechanical compliance with the routine directives of the organization’ [Katz and Kahn]. Analyze.
-
‘Policy judgements comprise reality judgements, value judgements and instrumental judgements’ [Geoffrey Vickers]. Elucidate.
-
What light does Antonio Gramsci 's critique ofTaylorism throw on its socio-psychological underpinnings ?
-
‘Our normal expectation should be that new programs will fail to get off the ground and that, at best, they will take considerable time to get started. The cards in this world are stacked against things happening’ [Pressman and Wildavsky]. Comment.
-
‘Those who budget, deal with their overwhelming burdens by adopting heuristic aids to calculation’ [Wildavsky]. Explain.
Even the known thinker like Weber is asked in such a manner that hardly a candidate or two have answered the question‘In the canonization of this abstract idea of “Staatsraison’ are inseparably woven the sure instincts of the bureaucracy for the conditions which preserve its own power in the State’ [Weber].
Explain.
But, We can answer these questions , If we rationally think about the meaning of the statement given. All these questions demand on the spot thinking & application. Even the explanation of the line given in the quote-unquote will fetch you decent marks..except the Weber question, where the meaning of the German word “Staatsraison” needs to be known before answering the question.
19
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Rest of the questions are conventional & medium to easy in nature & could be easily tackled if you have thorough knowledge of the subject.
So, you need to prepare the subject thoroughly, conceptual understanding is must and along with it an applied, innovative and contemporary touch to every topic is must. (Prepare for uncertainties.. you never know UPSC can ask you to invent new training or budgeting method or can correlate a current event like corruption with faulty training and ask you for solutions).
Most of the questions are of general nature so don’t require in depth understanding of the topic rather conceptual clarity with wide knowledge of the related phenomenon. So, in 2013 expect more questions of the similar nature.
PAPER – 2
Topic
Marks
Evolution of Indian Adm
27
Union/State/Dist govt and adm
153
Public Sector Undertaking
12
Plans and priorities
10
Civil services
12
Adm reforms since Independence
50
Financial management
27
Rural development
42
Urban local govt
27
Law & order adm
45
Significant issues in Indian Administration
12
A remarkable change is noticed in 2012 public administration paper 2 as compared to 2009-10-11.
1. Very easy, conventional & predictable nature of paper
2. Attemptable & approachable
3. General nature & was not on expected lines( as we were earlier expecting more current affairs, ARC into it but it was below expectance & easy).
Paper 2 is easy and interesting and if you are able to link it with GS, then you have that extra edge which can fetch you decent marks. Next year, there could be total change in the nature of the questions asked, the questions could be more applied & current oriented. Important committees & commissions are important, significant issues are important, so keep reading the newspapers & relevant IJPA journals.
Be simple, write simple. They are not looking for scholars but people who understand the topic and can explain it well.
20
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Answer writing is an art. You can’t win the war if you don’t have a sharp weapon, doesn’t matter how much you know the subject… your presentation should be up to the mark. Public administration is indeed scoring only if you know what to write & how to write. Therefore, the best way to prepare for main examination is to actually write it in an examination like scenario and get evaluated by true experts with valuable comments and suggestions that is why it is also called as written examination. That is how you can grow, learn, be dynamic and come victorious.
Vision IAS is providing Interactive Main Test Series Programme for Public Administration under the guidance of expert team. Realising the fact that every student needs a strategy and a particular approach depending upon one’s background and up-bringing to tackle the modern main examination scenario, we are providing the individual interaction sessions with our experts so that time to time personal attention is given to nurture one’s progress. We have strengthened our hands with best of the minds available in the field and have incorporated adequate changes in our existing Online testing and guidance programme for Public Administration paper to suit the newer demands of the time.
Best wishes
Team Vision IAS
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Topic Wise Analysis of Public Administration Paper 1 (2012)
Question
Marks
General Comment
Future Strategy
Introduction
42
This year we have more questions than last year from this section.
“Public choice” and “evolution of discipline of Public Administration” were asked.
So next year, there is high chance of “Wilson”, “NPA”, and “NPM” to be asked. Wide and Out of Box study.
Nicholas Henry book also to be studied.
Adequate coverage of Topics like Wilson, NPA and NPM should be done from different sources.
Administrative
Thought
65
This year we have seen few questions asked from this section from last year. You should not be selective in this section, cover all the thinkers given in syllabus irrespective of whether it is asked last year or not.
As we have seen “Simon” was asked last year but this year it is again asked. For “Weber” you should give sufficient time in Brain storming and source available on Internet. And Jargons, mentioned regarding Weber should clearly be understood.
This year we have question, mixing up of two thinkers/approaches.
Administrative Thinkers should be thoroughly covered.
No shortcut means- do not restrict yourself to your class note and other limited/insufficient sources or materials. You should develop the ability of interrelating different approaches (as UPSC is following this trend).
There is high chance of Follet, C.I.Bernard and Participative Management to be asked next year.
Theorist comments/statements should also be given emphasis.
Administrative
Behaviour
30
Question on “Decision making”, “morale and motivation” and
“Leadership are asked” this year.
But their level is medium/difficult & partially un-conventional.
Unpopular thinker’s quotations are given more emphasis.
“Decision making” topic is very important and we should cover it thoroughly with good conceptual clarity and sufficient practice sessions.
You should not assume that topics given in this section are very easy and can be prepared in short span of time.
Read from varied sources (including internet). Do not confine yourself to few books & few thinkers.
Organisations
40
This year, questions directly related to “theories”.
And their level was little bit difficult than last year.
You should thoroughly cover each topics of this section.
Topics like headquarters and field relationship, board and commissions and public-pvt partnership might be asked next year.
Accountability and Control
60
As expected, this year also many questions are asked.
No direct questions.
Questions interlinked with current happening.
It seems RTI is favourite area of UPSC.
Strategy to cover this topic should be decided first. As topics are current oriented.
Don’t miss the latest development regarding the topics given in this section.
Keep editorial’s cuttings related to this section.
Develop the ability to relate this section with Paper2.
All the topics are important given in this section so prepare well with current affairs and internet.
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Administrative
LaW
60
Unexpectedly, lot of Questions are asked this year.
Questions can be answered easily if topics are covered thoroughly.
Many aspirants don’t focus adequate attention over this section and superficially prepare this section.
Try to thoroughly understand the topic and enrich your knowledge base with sundry sources.
“Delegated legislation” and “Administrative Tribunals” might be asked this year.
Comparative
Public
Administration
32
This year we have seen more Questions from this section.
Few questions are easy.
One direct questions from Riggs as expected.
Riggs model and their critique should be given more emphasis this year also.
Ecology & administration also important.
Development
Dynamics
32
Less questions than last year.
Nature was moderate.
Easily be answered if through coverage and have current linking ability.
Bureaucracy and development, impact of liberalisation might be asked this year.
Anti-development thesis & other mixed up questions with 2 or 3 topics from the same section could also be asked.
Integrate each topic with current happenings.
Personnel
Administration
12
Unexpectedly only one question this year.
Prepare for more Questions next year.
Performance Appraisals, Grievance redressal mechanism and Administrative ethics might be asked next year.
Supplement with ARC Report.
Important bills/Act and current happening regarding this topic should not be missed.
Public Policy
62
Not many Questions from this section.
Level of Questions little bit difficult and less known.
R.K.Sapru/or IGNOU M.A. booklet should be thoroughly covered. As it seems question directly picked up from there.
This section is very important for next year so good coverage and sufficient practice sessions are very important. The whole policy making, implementation, evaluation & monitoring process is important. Go through each topic thoroughly integrating each one of them with current happenings.
Techniques of
Administrative
Improvement
60
Questions were very practical/application type.
It seems PERT is favourite area of UPSC.
This section can no longer be ignored.
Next year CPM, MIS and O&M might be asked.
Only Theoretical understanding will not be going to work so practical/application aspect should also given more emphasis.
E-Governance is all time important topic, so prepare it well.
Financial
Administration
12
One Question from this section and that was little bit difficult in nature.
Other areas like monetary and fiscal policies, account and audit might be asked this year.
Try to focus more the important theorist’s/scholar’s comment/statement and grasp it well.
If one question asked this year that does not mean that same will be repeated next year. So thoroughly cover all the topics of this section.
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Topic Wise Analysis of Public Administration Paper 2 (2012)
Topics
Evolution of
Indian
Administration
Marks
General Comment
Questions were direct and easy.
•
Legacy of British rule, Kautilya might be asked next year.
•
27
•
Future Strategy
Direct but understanding based questions are expected to be asked next year too.
Philosophical and 0
Constitutional
framework of government: •
No direct Questions from this section.
•
We can expect more questions next year.
•
Prepare well this topic for next year.
•
Basic understanding of the topic is must as questions from this particular section will demand analytical bend of mind+ ability to substantiate with examples.
Public Sector
Undertakings
•
One question asked from this section and that was direct and easy. •
Topics like Problems of autonomy, accountability and control and Impact of liberalization and privatization might be asked next year.
•
We have seen only one subtopic is asked so other subtopics are highly important for next year.
•
Also focus the current happening /editorials regarding this topic.
•
It seems that UPSC asked question of this topic interlinking with current happening.
•
As expected many questions asked this year.
•
•
All the Questions were very direct and easy.
This year questions were direct and easy but it doesn’t mean that same will be repeated next year also.
•
Questions on the popular statements given this year (2012-13) by the political leaders or commissions could be asked.
•
Prepare more complex and challenging type questions for next year.
•
You can practice questions for this topic from news paper editorials also.
•
Indicative Planning and National Development Council asked this year so Planning
Commission, Decentralised Planning might be asked next year.
•
Relevant part of important commissions should be covered well.
•
Keep abreast with the current happening.
•
Try to correlate with the Indian economic and if time permit then cover “Uma Kapila”.
Union
Government and
Administration
Plans and
Priorities
12
76
10
•
Questions were direct and easy.
•
It highlights the importance of commissions like Sarkaria, arc etc.
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Two Questions were asked this year.
•
Chief Secretary and Governor asked this year.
•
Their nature was easy and direct.
•
It is high possibility that union state relation, Finance commission to be asked.
Relevant recommendations of Second ARC, Sarkaria, and Punchhi commission should be supplemented with.
•
37
•
•
State
Government and
Administration
This topic is highly important so adequate practice sessions, lot of brainstorming and sufficient analysis should be done.
Two Questions were asked this year.
•
Keep up to date with the current happening.
•
Their nature was direct and easy.
•
Analytical approach required to deal with the sub-topics of this section
•
40
•
One question was current oriented and very analytical type and could be answered if “the Hindu” covered well.
•
Relevant issues of Kurukshetra, the Hindu Editorials and Recommendations of ARC should be covered well.
•
District
Administration
since
Independence
Relevant IJPA articles is a must
We have single Question this year.
•
More questions expected to be asked, so prepare well for next year.
Its nature was easy and direct.
•
Correlate with the first paper (personnel Administration).
•
12
•
•
Civil Services
Second ARC should be supplemented with.
Two Questions were asked this year.
•
Correlate with the first paper (Financial Administration).
•
27
•
Its nature was very easy, direct and conventional type.
•
Be crystal clear about the concepts.
•
Financial management We can expect more questions next year.
27
Its nature was direct and easy/medium.
•
Be more analytical in covering this topic (Past, Present & Future).
•
Two Questions were asked this year.
•
Their nature was direct and easy/medium.
Relevant issues of Kurukshetra and relevant Chapters of India Year Book should be covered well. Panchayati Raj is also important for this year.
Keep an eye on related articles of “The Hindu” & IJPA.
•
Relevant issues of Kurukshetra and relevant Chapters of India Year Book should be covered well. •
Urban Local
Government
Second ARC should be covered well.
•
42
•
•
Rural
Development
Single Question was asked this year.
•
50
•
•
Administrative
Reforms since
Independence
Keep an eye on related Articles of “The Hindu” & IJPA.
•
Two Questions were asked this year.
•
Their nature was direct and easy/medium.
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Try to cover the various important committees and commissions.
Their nature was direct and easy/medium.
•
Criminalisation of Politics; & Police and Public relation might be asked next year.
We have seen the importance of various committees/commissions. •
Please refer to the internet for more understanding of the topic & current developments.
•
We have single Question this year.
•
NHRC and Disaster Management might be asked next year.
•
Its nature was moderate and applied.
•
Corruption was in limelight this year.
Citizen -administration interface, corruption & administration are the hot topics for the coming years.
•
Keep abreast with the current happening.
•
12
•
•
45
Two Questions were asked this year.
•
Significant issues in Indian
Administration
•
•
Law and Order
Administration
Also spare more time on Internet.
Special Note: For more details & in-depth analysis of any section of Public Administration paper or any other clarification regarding this strategic analysis paper please mail us.
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