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Regression tests and benchmarking/optimization procedures for regional climate model RegCM-4.1 climate code. by Mr. Tamirat Bekele Jimma B.Sc., Addis Ababa University, 2005

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Addis Ababa University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Department of Computational Science programme 2011

ii This research conducted incolaboration with the support of two known Italian laboratories, DEMOCRITOS National Simulation Center of IOM - istituto Officina dei Materiali Consiglio Nationale delle Ricerche and The Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP).

DEMOCRITOS National Simulation Center of IOM - istituto Officina dei Materiali Consiglio Nationale delle Ricerche c/o SISSA Via Bonomea, 265 34136 Trieste Italy

The Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics Strada Costiera 11 34014 Trieste Italy

This thesis entitled: Regression tests and benchmarking/optimization procedures for regional climate model RegCM-4.1 climate code. written by Mr. Tamirat Bekele Jimma has been approved for the Department of Computational Science programme

Dr. Stefano Cozzini CNR-IOM democritos Trieste, Italy (thesis supervisor)

Dr. Gizaw Mengistu Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia (local advisor)

Examiner

Dr. Lemi Demeyu Chairman, Department graduate committee

Date

The final copy of this thesis has been examined by the signatories, and we find that both the content and the form meet acceptable presentation standards of scholarly work in the above mentioned discipline.

iv Tamirat Bekele Jimma, Mr. (M.Sc., Computational Science) Regression tests and benchmarking/optimization procedures for regional climate model RegCM-4.1 climate code. Thesis directed by Dr. Stefano Cozzini CNR-IOM democritos Trieste, Italy (thesis supervisor)

Abstract Regional Climate Model RegCM has been on continuous developments and changes that it was necessary to



Bibliography: [1] G. Hager and G. Wellein, Introduction to High Performance Computing for Scientists and Engineering. 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300: CRC Press, Taylers and Francis group, series seven ed., 2011. [2] S. Cozzini, “Floating point numbers [pdf document].” http://elearn.escience-lab.org/ course/view.php?id=2, May 2011. [3] W. Official, “Some other computer representations for non-integral numbers.” http://en. wikipedia.org/wiki/Floating_point, May 2011. [4] I. Official, “Publications and standards.” http://ieee.org/publications_standards/ index.html, May 2011. [5] S. Official, “Software benchmarking.” http://spec.org/spec/glossary, June 2011. [6] S. E. Sim, A Theory of Benchmarking with Applications to Software Reverse Engineering. PhD thesis, University of Toronto, Canada, 2003. [7] S. Goedecker and A. Hoisie, Performance optimization of numerically intensive codes. Philadephia, PA: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2001. [8] H. H. Liu, Software Performance and Scalability: A Quantitative Approach. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., first ed., 2009. [9] T. U. Official, “Reevaluating amdahl’s law and gustafson’s law.” http://www.cis.temple. edu/~shi/docs/amdahl/amdahl.html, April 2011. [10] B. Einarsson, ed., Accuracy and Reliability in Scientific Computing. Philadephia, PA: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2005. [11] C. J. Roy, “Review of code and solution verification procedures for computational simulation,” Journal of computational physics, vol. 205, pp. 131–156, 2005. [12] W. L. Oberkampf and C. J. Roy, Verification and Validation in Scientific Code. The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK: Cambridge University press, first ed., 2010. [13] R. E. A. Alexandru and R. Laprise, “Internal variability in regional climate downscaling at the seasonal scale,” AMS, vol. 135, pp. 3221–3238, 2007. 75 [14] F.Giorgi and X. Bi, “A study of internal variability of a regional climate model,” JOGR, vol. 105, pp. 503–521, 2000. [15] J. P. O. Christensen, M. Gaertner and J. Polcher, “Internal variability of regional climate models.,” Springer, vol. 17, pp. 875–887, 2000. [16] J. D. Neelin, Climate change and climate modelling. New York: Cambridge University Press, first ed., 2011. [17] T. T. Warner, Numerical weather and climate prediction. New York: Cambridge University Press, first ed., 2011. [18] F. Giorgi, “Regcm4: Model description and preliminary tests over multiple cordex domains.” summitted, April 2011. [19] A. Arakawa and V. R. Lamb, “Computational design of the basic dynamical process of the ucla general circulation model,” Methods in Computational Physics, vol. 17, pp. 173–265, 1977. [20] K. F. R. Courant and H. Lewy, “¨ber die partiellen differenzengleichungen der mathematischen u physik,” Mathematische Annalen, vol. 100, no. 1, p. 3274, 1928. [21] R. K. Rew and G. P. Davis, “Netcdf: An interface for scientific data access,” IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, vol. 10, pp. 76–82, July 1990. [22] G. Official, “Gnu software.” http://gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html, May 2011. [23] K. W. Oleson and other, “Improvements to the community land model and their impact on the hydrological cycle,” J. Geophys. Res., 113, 2008. [24] P.Lucas-Picher and D.Caya, “Investigation of regional climate models’ internal variability with a ten-member ensemble of 10-year simulations over a large domain,” Springer, vol. 88, pp. 1396– 1409, 2008. [25] P. M. K. D. A. Rinke, “Internal variability in arctic regional climate simulations: case study for the sheba year.,” AMS, vol. 27, pp. 197–209, 2004. [26] V. E. with Edmond Chow and R. van de Geijn, Introduction to High-Performance Scientific Computing. The University of Texas at Austin: unpublished, first ed., 2010. [27] X. B. N. E. F. S. X. G. S. A. R. R. F. A. Z. J. W. M. A. F. S. S. J. L. B. N. S. D. J. K. A. K. D. M. R. P. D. L. C. S. Jermey J. Pal, Filippo Giorgi and A. L. Steiner, “Regional climate modeling for the developing world: The ictp regcm3 and regcnet,” AMS, vol. 88, pp. 1396–1409, 2007. [28] D.Caya and S.Biner, “Internal variability of rcm simulations over an annual cycle.,” Springer, vol. 22, pp. 33–46, 2003. [29] X. B. N. E. F. S. S. A. R. A. Z. Jermey J. Pal, Filippo Giorgi, “Regcm version 3.1 user guide,” July 2007. Trieste, Italy. [30] M. S. Stefano Cozzini and S. A. Russo, “Performance of scientific applications on multi-core architectures:a nehalem evaluation study,” Journal of Computational Physics, vol. 228, pp. 8394– 8412, 2009. 76 [31] S. E. John Gustafson, Diane Rover and M. Carter, “The design of a scalable, fixed time computer benchmark,” Jornal of parallel and distributed computing, vol. 12, pp. 388–401, 1991. [32] R. E. F. S. M. S. Brian Armstrong, Hansang Bae and Y. Zheng, “Hpc benchmarking and performance evaluation with realistic applications,” 2000. [33] N. J. Higham, Accuracy and Stability of Numerical Algorithms. Philadephia, PA: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, second ed., 2002. [34] M. L. Overton, Numerical Computing with IEEE Floating Point Arithmetic. Philadephia, PA: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2001. [35] J. J. Dongarra, I. S. Duff, D. C. Sorensen, and H. A. van der Vorst, Numerical Linear Algebra for High-Performance Computers. Philadephia, PA: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 1998. [36] R. Doe, “Amdahl’s law.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amdahls_law, April 2011. [37] I. Official, “Ipm software.” http://ipm-hpc.sourceforge.net, June 2011.

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