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Probation: Prison and Community Corrections Movement

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Probation: Prison and Community Corrections Movement
There are three theories or models of criminal justice. The first is the retributive theory, the second is the rehabilitative theory, and the last is the restorative theory. The first basically concerns itself with the punishment of people by putting them in boot camps/prisons or away from people, in order to deter their ways. Such acts instill discipline and fear, which in turn reduces crime. The second one believes that working with these people change their ways reduce crime (The U .S. Penal System: Restorative and /or Retributive Justice).The third restorative theory aims to reintroduce and re-incorporate the persons back into the community after retribution or rehabilitation.
The retributive theory is optimistic and believes that people are innately good such that prison cells are built so that the prisoner inside the cell can be silent. As he is silent, he can meditate on his wrong-doings. This tradition believes that then spiritual transformation may take place thus rehabilitating such person. On the other hand, the rehabilitative theory is pessimistic, which is why facilities were built to bring about obedience. What is done is to “instill habits of work in people, help build their skills ' then they will be rehabilitated. The third restorative theory is one, which believes that true rehabilitation takes place when such person is allowed back into the community and is a combination of both retributive and rehabilitative theories, seeks to (1 )deter future and past criminals from doing a crime because the threat of incarceration looms (2 ) incapacitate the offender to stop the individual from possibly endangering others (3 ) punish the criminal by serving time and living a restricted lifestyle and (4 ) rehabilitate them for release into society (Fuller , 125-27).
According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the probation success rate is 62%. Most probation programs are designed to (1) protect the community by assisting judges in sentencing and


Bibliography: Blanchette, K, "Sex Offender Assessment, Treatment and Recidivism: A Literature Review". Retrieved November, 2013 Available: http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/jhamlin/3925/ Readings/CanadaOffenderLiteratureReview.htm Fuller , J , 2008, “Juvenile Delinquency: Mainstream and Crosscurrents” Georgia , Vol November, 2013 Available: http://woodstock.georgetown.edu/resources/articles/restorative- or-retributive-justice.html Kornell , S , "Probation That Works". Retrieved November, 2013 Available: http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2013/06/ hawaii_hope_probation_program_reduces_crime_drug_use_and_time_in_prison.html "Recidivism", Retrieved November, 2013 Available:
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