Plant Body
PLANT BODY
Two Categories of Plant cells:
1.) Meristematic cells – embryonic, undifferentiated and capable of cell division
• Apical meristem – located at root and shoot ends
• Lateral meristem – run parallel to the long axis of roots and stems – where somatic cells undergo mitosis
2.) Differentiated/Permanent Cells – specialized in structure and usually do not divide • Simple Permanent Tissue – dermal tissue system and ground tissue system › Dermal tissue system – outer surfaces of the plant › Epidermal tissue – forms the epidermis
› Periderm – replaces epidermal tissue. Composed of cork tissue (waterproof walls and dead at maturity)
› Ground tissue system – 3 ground tissues: parenchyma, sclerenchyma and collenchyma • Complex permanent tissues – vascular system. › Vascular system – transport materials like water, minerals, sugar etc › Xylem – conducts water and minerals from roots of leaves 2 conducting cells: vessel elements & tracheids. › Phloem – transport glucose to leaves of the roots
(Sieve tube cells)
*Epidermis – outermost cell layer that covers the leaves, stems etc
BASIC PLANT BODY
• Plant is divided into shoots and roots. Shoots – structures above ground (arises from plumule) › functional parts of shoots – stems, leaves, flowers and fruits. Roots - structures below ground. - anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients from soil.
STEMS – serve as storage areas for sugar and starch.
› Node – point at which a leaf or branch attaches to main stem
› Internode – part between successive nodes
› Buds – small embryonic regions protected by young leaves. › axillary – where leaves are attached and develop into branches › terminal – tip of branches and extends the length of the branch › lateral – may develop into branches or flowers.
› Leaf Scar – location of a leaf before it fell from the plant.
*based on tissue arrangement of stem plants
› Dicotyledons – two cotyledons (food
Two Categories of Plant cells:
1.) Meristematic cells – embryonic, undifferentiated and capable of cell division
• Apical meristem – located at root and shoot ends
• Lateral meristem – run parallel to the long axis of roots and stems – where somatic cells undergo mitosis
2.) Differentiated/Permanent Cells – specialized in structure and usually do not divide • Simple Permanent Tissue – dermal tissue system and ground tissue system › Dermal tissue system – outer surfaces of the plant › Epidermal tissue – forms the epidermis
› Periderm – replaces epidermal tissue. Composed of cork tissue (waterproof walls and dead at maturity)
› Ground tissue system – 3 ground tissues: parenchyma, sclerenchyma and collenchyma • Complex permanent tissues – vascular system. › Vascular system – transport materials like water, minerals, sugar etc › Xylem – conducts water and minerals from roots of leaves 2 conducting cells: vessel elements & tracheids. › Phloem – transport glucose to leaves of the roots
(Sieve tube cells)
*Epidermis – outermost cell layer that covers the leaves, stems etc
BASIC PLANT BODY
• Plant is divided into shoots and roots. Shoots – structures above ground (arises from plumule) › functional parts of shoots – stems, leaves, flowers and fruits. Roots - structures below ground. - anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients from soil.
STEMS – serve as storage areas for sugar and starch.
› Node – point at which a leaf or branch attaches to main stem
› Internode – part between successive nodes
› Buds – small embryonic regions protected by young leaves. › axillary – where leaves are attached and develop into branches › terminal – tip of branches and extends the length of the branch › lateral – may develop into branches or flowers.
› Leaf Scar – location of a leaf before it fell from the plant.
*based on tissue arrangement of stem plants
› Dicotyledons – two cotyledons (food