Pipe Friction Report
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE 5
October 19, 13
Heriot watt university Dubai Campus
Lab Report: Pipe Friction
MODULE LEADER: Dr. MEHDI NAZARINIA
1. Introduction
The flow of fluid in a pipe under pressure is used to reach many goals. A good knowledge of the fluid flow and pipe pressure at some point along the path of the pipe may facilitate to determine the size, capacity and material of the pipe for a system. In engineering and industry, the understanding of pipe flow is required for the control, transport, measure and storage of water or other fluids.
When a fluid is flowing through a pipe, it exerts a viscous resistance that creates a loss of energy. The pressure that is dropped along the pipe is called “frictional losses”. The inner wall of a pipe can have some effect on the frictional resistance. In the case of smooth wall of pipe, there is less effect on the frictional resistance. But when it is rougher, higher is the loss of pressure due to friction. As increasing the average of velocity, the pressure losses will increase too.
For constant conditions limits of flow, Osbourne Reynolds showed in 1883 that there are two kinds of flows according to the value of a dimensionless number called the Reynolds number and noted: ReD =ρV Dμ, where V is the flow velocity, D a characteristic size, and v the fluid kinematic viscosity. When the Reynolds number is low, the current lines are stationary, and the flow is said laminar. In contrast, when the Reynolds number is higher, the streamlines become unsteady and the flow is said turbulent. To these two fundamentally different types of flow match different load losses. The aim of the experiment is to evaluate in a vast range of pipe flow, the pressure drop and find the value of the Reynolds number in the case of laminar and
October 19, 13
Heriot watt university Dubai Campus
Lab Report: Pipe Friction
MODULE LEADER: Dr. MEHDI NAZARINIA
1. Introduction
The flow of fluid in a pipe under pressure is used to reach many goals. A good knowledge of the fluid flow and pipe pressure at some point along the path of the pipe may facilitate to determine the size, capacity and material of the pipe for a system. In engineering and industry, the understanding of pipe flow is required for the control, transport, measure and storage of water or other fluids.
When a fluid is flowing through a pipe, it exerts a viscous resistance that creates a loss of energy. The pressure that is dropped along the pipe is called “frictional losses”. The inner wall of a pipe can have some effect on the frictional resistance. In the case of smooth wall of pipe, there is less effect on the frictional resistance. But when it is rougher, higher is the loss of pressure due to friction. As increasing the average of velocity, the pressure losses will increase too.
For constant conditions limits of flow, Osbourne Reynolds showed in 1883 that there are two kinds of flows according to the value of a dimensionless number called the Reynolds number and noted: ReD =ρV Dμ, where V is the flow velocity, D a characteristic size, and v the fluid kinematic viscosity. When the Reynolds number is low, the current lines are stationary, and the flow is said laminar. In contrast, when the Reynolds number is higher, the streamlines become unsteady and the flow is said turbulent. To these two fundamentally different types of flow match different load losses. The aim of the experiment is to evaluate in a vast range of pipe flow, the pressure drop and find the value of the Reynolds number in the case of laminar and
References: Website: http://www.nesc.wvu.edu/techbrief.cfm, 09/10/13 Website: http://www.meca.u-psud.fr/cours/L3_TP_Laminaire.pdf 19/10/13