Round Robin Efflux Lab
Round-Robin: Efflux Lab (Formal Report)
Michael Hunter, Yianni Dres, Endy Lau
Section: W2-805
Professor Maase
November 26, 2013
Introduction: The purpose of the efflux lab experiment is to determine the time it takes a liquid to drain from a certain height in a tank through an exit pipe under the influence of gravity. The time it takes to completely drain the tank from one point to another is mostly dependent on the exit pipe’s height and the inner diameter. Other factors such as frictional forces, pressure and velocity may also contribute to the efflux time. The first objective in this experiment is to determine efflux times of water with different varieties of pipes. These efflux times will be compared …show more content…
Efflux Time (s)
Percent Error (%)
1
2
36.05
24947
35.93
-0.33
4
74.00
24307
72.99
-1.37
6
112.93
23893
110.89
-1.83
8
151.40
23760
149.83
-1.05
10
191.45
23487
190.21
-0.66
12
233.20
23139
231.56
-0.71
14
275.72
22833
274.27
-0.53
Figure 4: Average Pipe 1 Actual Efflux Time vs. Theoretical Efflux Time
Pipe 2 had a length of 2.51 feet and a diameter of 1.06 centimeters. Average results can be found below in Table 4. This diameter decreased the observed time to 139.9 seconds. Once again as there was more head loss the time increased per interval and the Reynolds number decreased. As shown in Figure 5 below the theoretical efflux time for pipe 2 was slightly less than the observed time at each interval. The percent error was also greater (< 11%), making the data less accurate.
Table 4: Pipe 2 Average Results from All Trails
Pipe
Head Lost (In)
Time (s)
Reynolds Number
Theo. Efflux Time (s)
Percent Error (%)
2
2
19.34
35009
17.48
-10.65
4
38.11
35535
35.34
-7.85
6
57.20
35517
53.67
-6.57
8
77.03
35162
72.53
-6.20
10
97.20
34833
91.95
-5.71
12
118.47
34294
112.03
-5.75
14
139.90
33882
132.63 …show more content…
The most important source of error was human error with the stopwatch at each head loss interval. As the pipe diameter increased the water level began to drop more quickly, and this made it very difficult to determine when the water level passed each interval. This is the main reason for the difference between the observed and theoretical efflux times. Secondly, a few pipes had water leaking from where the pipe screwed into the bottom of the efflux tank. This could have caused some difference in the observed efflux times. Finally, the calculation of the friction factor (f) with a moody chart could have altered the theoretical efflux times
Michael Hunter, Yianni Dres, Endy Lau
Section: W2-805
Professor Maase
November 26, 2013
Introduction: The purpose of the efflux lab experiment is to determine the time it takes a liquid to drain from a certain height in a tank through an exit pipe under the influence of gravity. The time it takes to completely drain the tank from one point to another is mostly dependent on the exit pipe’s height and the inner diameter. Other factors such as frictional forces, pressure and velocity may also contribute to the efflux time. The first objective in this experiment is to determine efflux times of water with different varieties of pipes. These efflux times will be compared …show more content…
Efflux Time (s)
Percent Error (%)
1
2
36.05
24947
35.93
-0.33
4
74.00
24307
72.99
-1.37
6
112.93
23893
110.89
-1.83
8
151.40
23760
149.83
-1.05
10
191.45
23487
190.21
-0.66
12
233.20
23139
231.56
-0.71
14
275.72
22833
274.27
-0.53
Figure 4: Average Pipe 1 Actual Efflux Time vs. Theoretical Efflux Time
Pipe 2 had a length of 2.51 feet and a diameter of 1.06 centimeters. Average results can be found below in Table 4. This diameter decreased the observed time to 139.9 seconds. Once again as there was more head loss the time increased per interval and the Reynolds number decreased. As shown in Figure 5 below the theoretical efflux time for pipe 2 was slightly less than the observed time at each interval. The percent error was also greater (< 11%), making the data less accurate.
Table 4: Pipe 2 Average Results from All Trails
Pipe
Head Lost (In)
Time (s)
Reynolds Number
Theo. Efflux Time (s)
Percent Error (%)
2
2
19.34
35009
17.48
-10.65
4
38.11
35535
35.34
-7.85
6
57.20
35517
53.67
-6.57
8
77.03
35162
72.53
-6.20
10
97.20
34833
91.95
-5.71
12
118.47
34294
112.03
-5.75
14
139.90
33882
132.63 …show more content…
The most important source of error was human error with the stopwatch at each head loss interval. As the pipe diameter increased the water level began to drop more quickly, and this made it very difficult to determine when the water level passed each interval. This is the main reason for the difference between the observed and theoretical efflux times. Secondly, a few pipes had water leaking from where the pipe screwed into the bottom of the efflux tank. This could have caused some difference in the observed efflux times. Finally, the calculation of the friction factor (f) with a moody chart could have altered the theoretical efflux times