Osseous Tissue
Chapter 6
Ossecous Tissue and Skeletal Structure
The Skeletal system consists of bones and their associated connective tissues, including cartilage, tendon and ligaments.
I. Function of the Skeletal System
1) Bone- The most rigid component of skeletal system a) Support- serves as a framework; Maintains body’s shape b) Protection- of critical internal organs, brain, heart and lungs c) Lever System- for muscles to produce body movements d) Mineral storage- e.g. Calcium and Phosphorous e) Blood Cell formation- in bone marrow of many bones, mainly flat ones
2) Cartilage- Some what rigid but more flexible a) Model for bone growth- in embryo and fetus b) Smooth joint surfaces- Provides a smooth cushion between adjacent bones c) Support- firm yet flexible, e.g. nose, ears, rib cage, trachea
3) Tendons and ligaments form attachments- Strong bands of fibrous connective tissue. Tendons attaches muscles to bones, ligaments attaches bone to bone.
II. Connective Tissue - Bone, Cartilage, Tendons, and Ligaments are connective tissues 1) Extracellular Matrix for Cartilage a) Collagen- Tough Ropelike Protein b) Proteoglycans- Polysaccharides (pine needle) attached to core protein (tree); Attracts and retains large amounts of water between the polysaccharide needles. Acts as shock absorber. 2) Extracellular Matrix for Bone a) Collagen b) Hydroxyapatite- Calcium phosphate. 3) Extracellular Matrix- Tendons and Ligaments Large amounts of collagen fibers, make them tough like ropes and cable
III. General Features of Bone 1) Bone Shapes a) Long bones- e.g. limbs b) Short bones- e.g. bones of wrist and ankle c) Flat bones- e.g. ribs, scapula, pelvis d) Irregular bones- e.g. vertebrae and facial bones e) Sesamoid- develop inside tendons, located near joints of knees, hands and feet; shaped some what like sesame
Ossecous Tissue and Skeletal Structure
The Skeletal system consists of bones and their associated connective tissues, including cartilage, tendon and ligaments.
I. Function of the Skeletal System
1) Bone- The most rigid component of skeletal system a) Support- serves as a framework; Maintains body’s shape b) Protection- of critical internal organs, brain, heart and lungs c) Lever System- for muscles to produce body movements d) Mineral storage- e.g. Calcium and Phosphorous e) Blood Cell formation- in bone marrow of many bones, mainly flat ones
2) Cartilage- Some what rigid but more flexible a) Model for bone growth- in embryo and fetus b) Smooth joint surfaces- Provides a smooth cushion between adjacent bones c) Support- firm yet flexible, e.g. nose, ears, rib cage, trachea
3) Tendons and ligaments form attachments- Strong bands of fibrous connective tissue. Tendons attaches muscles to bones, ligaments attaches bone to bone.
II. Connective Tissue - Bone, Cartilage, Tendons, and Ligaments are connective tissues 1) Extracellular Matrix for Cartilage a) Collagen- Tough Ropelike Protein b) Proteoglycans- Polysaccharides (pine needle) attached to core protein (tree); Attracts and retains large amounts of water between the polysaccharide needles. Acts as shock absorber. 2) Extracellular Matrix for Bone a) Collagen b) Hydroxyapatite- Calcium phosphate. 3) Extracellular Matrix- Tendons and Ligaments Large amounts of collagen fibers, make them tough like ropes and cable
III. General Features of Bone 1) Bone Shapes a) Long bones- e.g. limbs b) Short bones- e.g. bones of wrist and ankle c) Flat bones- e.g. ribs, scapula, pelvis d) Irregular bones- e.g. vertebrae and facial bones e) Sesamoid- develop inside tendons, located near joints of knees, hands and feet; shaped some what like sesame