Nutrition

KAZAKHSTAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, ECONOMICS AND STRATEGIC RESEARCH

GEN 1820: Health, Nutrition and Lifestyle

PROJECT

“NUTRITION COMPOSITION OF CHOCOLATE BARS ON KAZAKHSTAN MARKET”

Instructor:
Dr. Aliya Nurtayeva, C.Sc.

Prepared by:
ID 20091760
Arman Alikhanov

Date:
26 April 2011

ALMATY, 2011
Introduction

The purposes of this project is to collect and present the information on the nutrition composition of two chocolate bars “Mars” and “Milky Way” those are available on Kazakhstan food market, to estimate and calculate energetic and nutrition value of the main nutrients. While knowing multi-directional impact of chocolate bars on human health, I’m eager to give a little insight to chocolate bars selection. Since major chocolate bars available in Kazakhstan are produced by Mars Inc. (Mars, Snickers, Twix, Bounty, Milky Way etc), similar products were chosen - “Mars” and “Milky Way” as subjects of the research. I’ll try to figure out which one is less harmful to one’s health and more preferred for consumption.

Theoretical Part

Name: Chocolate bar “Mars”
Trade Name: “Mars”
Composition: filling: glucose syrup, sugar, vegetable fat, whole milk powder, fat-free cocoa powder, malt extract, skimmed milk powder, whey powder, lactose, salt, dried egg-white chocolate: sugar, cocoa butter, cocoa mass, skimmed milk powder, whole milk powder, lactose,whey powder, dehydrated milk fat, emulsifier (soy lecithin), natural identical flavoring (vanillin) Also may contain insignificant amount of peanuts
Main properties: featuring nougat, soft caramel and coated in milk chocolate
Food category: chocolate bar
Production: according to UltimateChocolateBlog: “the Mars Incorporated patented proprietary process called Cocoapro™ that helps retain the efficacy of the flavanols. Mars scientists developed it to reduce the cocoa bean’s exposure to high temperatures, helping protect the flavanols inside. This process ensures delivery of cocoa extract and powder ingredients that are guaranteed to have consistently high levels of cocoa flavanols”
Significance: beneficial effects of chocolate include anticancer, brain stimulator, cough preventive, reduced risk of heart disease, anti-diarrhoea effect, also, chocolate bar filling (nougat) could serve as a supplement of sugar and calcium. On the other hand, excessive consumption may lead to obesity and sugar diabetes.
Nutrition ratio: 159 kcal, 6.3 % (assuming adult daily consumption is 2500 kcal)
Nutrition facts: Sugar - 21.7 g; Fat - 6.4 g; Saturated Fat Acids - 3.7 g; Sodium - 50.2 mg (out of 35 g serving size)
Metabolism: various studies suggest chocolate bars boost up human metabolic rate

Name: chocolate bar “Milky Way”
Trade Name: “Milky Way”
Composition: filling: sugar, glucose syrup, vegetable fat, whole milk powder, skimmed milk powder, malt extract, salt, dried egg-white, natural identical flavoring (vanillin) chocolate: sugar, milk powder, cocoa butter, cocoa mass, lactose, emulsifier (soy lecithin), milk fat, natural identical flavoring (vanillin) Also may contain insignificant amount of peanuts and hazelnuts
Main properties: nougat, soft caramel and coated in milk chocolate
Food category: chocolate bar
Production: considering the fact “Mars” is a modified version of “Milky Way”, the process of production is similar to that of “Mars”
Significance: beneficial effects of chocolate include anticancer, brain stimulator, cough preventive, reduced risk of heart disease, anti-diarrhoea effect, also, chocolate bar filling (nougat) could serve as a supplement of sugar and calcium. On the other hand, excessive consumption may lead to obesity and sugar diabetes.
Nutrition ratio: 118 kcal, 4.7 % (assuming adult daily consumption is 2500 kcal)
Nutrition facts: Sugar - 17.4 g; Fat - 4.4 g; Saturated Fat Acids - 2.5 g; Sodium - 56.39 mg (out of 26 g serving size)
Metabolism: various studies suggest chocolate bars boost up human metabolic rate

Nutrition facts above retrieved from original packaging information (please refer to Appendix A).

Application

Following calculations assume sum of saturated and desaturated fat as total fat, and energetic value of sodium as insignificant, also macro-nutrition facts are taken from Appendix A.
|“Mars” |“Milky Way” |
|a. Caloric content per serving size (35 g): |a. Caloric content per serving size (26 g): |
|Carbohydrates - 21.7 g X 4 kcal/g = 108.4 kcal |Carbohydrates - 17.4 g X 4 kcal/g = 69.6 kcal |
|Fat - 10.1 g X 9 kcal/g = 90.9 kcal (considering both saturated and |Fat - 6.7 g X 9 kcal/g = 60.3 kcal (considering both saturated and |
|unsaturated fat) |unsaturated fat) |
|Total calories - 199.3 kcal (159 kcal claimed on label, 20.2 % less) |Total calories - 129.9 kcal (118 kcal claimed on label, 9.1 % less) |
|b. Carbohydrate has the highest energetic value in this product, |b. Carbohydrate has the highest energetic value in this product, |
|which is 54.4 % of the total energetic value |which is 53.6 % of the total energetic value |
|c. Considering daily calorie need as 2000 kcal and macro-nutrient |c. Considering daily calorie need as 2000 kcal and macro-nutrient |
|facts in Appendix A: |facts in Appendix A: |
|Carbohydrates - 108.4 kcal/(1300 kcal OR 900 kcal) = 8.3 - 12 % of |Carbohydrates - 69.6 kcal/(1300 kcal OR 900 kcal) = 5.4 - 7.7 % of |
|daily recommended caloric intake |daily recommended caloric intake |
|Fat - 90.9 kcal/(700 kcal OR 500 kcal) = 13 - 18.2 % of daily |Fat - 60.3 kcal/(700 kcal OR 500 kcal) = 8.6 - 12 % of daily |
|recommended caloric intake |recommended caloric intake |
|d. Assuming 50 % of recommended daily caloric intake as 1000 kcal: |d. Assuming 50 % of recommended daily caloric intake as 1000 kcal: |
|(1000 kcal/199.3 kcal) = 5 serving sizes need to be consumed daily |(1000 kcal/129.9 kcal) = 8 serving sizes need to be consumed daily |
|f. Product also contains 50.2 mg of sodium, which is 1.68 % of |f. Product also contains 56.19 mg of sodium, which is 1.88 % of |
|recommended daily intake |recommended daily intake |

e. Following table explains the difference in nutrients between “Mars” and “Milky Way”

|Nutrient |“Mars” |“Milky Way” |Difference* |
|Carbohydrate |21.7 g |17.4 g |- 19.8 % |
|Fat |10.1 g |6.7 g |- 33.7 % |
|Sodium |50.2 mg |56.39 mg |+ 12.3 % |
|Calories |199.3 kcal |129.9 kcal |- 34.8 % |

*”Mars” nutrients data was used as 100 %

Conclusion
Based on the above-mentioned findings, I would like to point out that in both cases (“Mars” and ”Milky Way”) nutrition facts claimed by manufacturer differed from calculated. Since the primary serving sizes are relatively small (35 g and 26 g respectively), adult person would find it harmless to consume 1-2 chocolate bars. Both products contain high amounts of carbohydrates (more than 50 % of the weight), which serve as primary source of energy supply in human body, could be used to partially satisfy recommended daily calories intake. Although, one should be aware of the dangers of excessive consumption of chocolate bars, outlined in theoretical part (e.g. mere five “Mars” bars could give 50 % of daily caloric need). In conclusion, I would suggest consumption of “Milky Way” over “Mars” bar since the latter has higher deviation of calculated and claimed calories per serving size (9 % vs. 20 % respectively) and “Milky Way” has higher sodium concentration. In other words, if one might feel an urge to eat a chocolate bar, he/she should choose “Milky Way”.
References

1. http://ultimatechocolateblog.blogspot.com/2011/03/looking-for-healthy-chocolate-mars.html (process of production)

Appendix A

Macro-nutrient Facts

|Nutrients |Recommended percent of daily calories |Number of calories per gramm |
|Protein |10 -35 % |4 kcal/g |
|Carbohydrate |45 - 65 % |4 kcal/g |
|Fat |20 - 35 % |9 kcal/g |

References: 1. http://ultimatechocolateblog.blogspot.com/2011/03/looking-for-healthy-chocolate-mars.html (process of production) Appendix A Macro-nutrient Facts |Nutrients |Recommended percent of daily calories |Number of calories per gramm | |Protein |10 -35 % |4 kcal/g | |Carbohydrate |45 - 65 % |4 kcal/g | |Fat |20 - 35 % |9 kcal/g |