Requirements
Max 700 words incl referencing, titles Excl bibliography
Source for every argument
APA referencing
Explain terminology
Intro * Definition of marketing * Definition of needs -> motives -> biogenic or psychogenic, artificial needs?, wants and demands * Definition of artificially creating * Represent the guiding essay question, represent your stance: needs are already existent and marketing merely satisfies the needs. Needs pre-exist marketing. * Essay question: Are the ‘needs’ of consumers artificially created?
Body
1 Theoretical argument (assumption): * Theory of rational consumer choice * Microeconomics book: research combinations of prices and goods, preferences, optimal consumption point * Maslow pyramid: needs are in a hierarchical order, but they already exist. logical reasoning: needs are prefilled, therefore cannot be created. Marketing is mainly guidance for consumers about availability and prices of products.
2 Empirical arguments -> factual * Contra: observations that disprove * iPhones/Tablets -> statistics of sales * Industry of organic food -> statistics
* Pro * Safety advertisements
Conclusion
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Summarize. Clear end sentence
“Marketers do not create needs: Needs preexist marketers, marketers along with other societal factors, influence wants. Marketers might promote idea that Mercedes would satisfy a person’s need for social status. They do not, however, create the need for social status”. (Philip Kotler, Marketing Management: eleventh edition, chapter one, page no.11)
Need becomes motive (p 98 kotler) when it is aroused to a sufficient level of intensity to drive us to act. 3 theoretical arguments: freud, maslow, Herzberg.
Freud: psychological shaping behaviour i.e. need for recognition, esteem or belonging. Freud