Mitosis and Meiosis
Bio-111 Laboratory #8
Mitosis and Meiosis
17 November 2010
Part1-Questions:
a) Explain mitosis
Mitosis is a process of asexual reproduction in eukaryotic cells. This process is divided into five stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis. A diploid cell duplicates its genetic information. Therefore the two diploid daughter cells will receive an exact copy of the genetic material.
Explain meiosis
Meiosis is a two round cell division process where a diploid cell divides into four haploid daughter cells. The process is divided into two stages: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I and II are each divided into prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis stages. Meiosis produces gametes in animals, and spores in plants
b) Describe what occurs during Interphase
The cell grows and copies its chromosomes in preparation for cell division. Interphase is divided into G1 (Growth 1), in which the cell grows and functions normally. During this time protein synthesis occurs, the cell grows to about double its original size, more organelles are produced, thus increasing the volume of the cytoplasm. Synthesis (S), in which the cell duplicates its DNA.G2 (Growth 2), in which the cell resumes its growth in preparation for mitosis.
c) Distinguish between mitosis and meiosis. How does the end product of mitosis differ from that of meiosis?
Meiosis has to cell division while mitosis has only one cell division. The second cell division in Meiosis is known as Meiosis II, is very similar to Mitosis. However in mitosis the end product is two identical diploid daughter cells, while in meiosis the end product is four haploid daughter cells.
d) How does mitosis in plants differ from mitosis in animals?
The only difference is cytokinesis, because plants have cell walls mitosis proceeds in a different way. In plant, vesicles from the Golgi apparatus move along microtubules to the middle of the cell where they coalesce, creating a cell wall
Mitosis and Meiosis
17 November 2010
Part1-Questions:
a) Explain mitosis
Mitosis is a process of asexual reproduction in eukaryotic cells. This process is divided into five stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis. A diploid cell duplicates its genetic information. Therefore the two diploid daughter cells will receive an exact copy of the genetic material.
Explain meiosis
Meiosis is a two round cell division process where a diploid cell divides into four haploid daughter cells. The process is divided into two stages: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I and II are each divided into prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis stages. Meiosis produces gametes in animals, and spores in plants
b) Describe what occurs during Interphase
The cell grows and copies its chromosomes in preparation for cell division. Interphase is divided into G1 (Growth 1), in which the cell grows and functions normally. During this time protein synthesis occurs, the cell grows to about double its original size, more organelles are produced, thus increasing the volume of the cytoplasm. Synthesis (S), in which the cell duplicates its DNA.G2 (Growth 2), in which the cell resumes its growth in preparation for mitosis.
c) Distinguish between mitosis and meiosis. How does the end product of mitosis differ from that of meiosis?
Meiosis has to cell division while mitosis has only one cell division. The second cell division in Meiosis is known as Meiosis II, is very similar to Mitosis. However in mitosis the end product is two identical diploid daughter cells, while in meiosis the end product is four haploid daughter cells.
d) How does mitosis in plants differ from mitosis in animals?
The only difference is cytokinesis, because plants have cell walls mitosis proceeds in a different way. In plant, vesicles from the Golgi apparatus move along microtubules to the middle of the cell where they coalesce, creating a cell wall