Membrane Experiment
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ABSTRACT
Separation processes by using the application of membrane have become highly demand in various industries. In this newly separation process , the membrane function as a semi-permeable barrier and the separation process occur by the membrane controlling the rate of movement of various molecules between two liquid phases , two gas phases or a mixture of a gas phase and liquid phase. In industries, many companies have high demand on both quality and quantity of water for production. Membrane process can be used to separate chemical substances in various types and sizes from microscopic to molecular level. The objective of this experiment is to study the characteristic of four different types of membrane. The membranes used in this experiment are polyamide film ( AFC 99 ) as membrane one , polyamide film ( AFC 40 ) as membrane two , cellulose acetate (CA 202 ) as the third membrane and PVDF (FP 100 ) that act as the fourth membrane. In order to identify the characteristic of all four membranes, experimental procedures should be done. The variable for this experiment is the membrane maximum inlet pressure, where different membrane maximum inlet pressure is set for each of the membrane. Then after the experiment has run for specific time, an amount of sample called permeates which is actually the water is taken from every membrane. The weight for the permeate for all four membrane are recorded and compared in order to study the characteristic of the membrane. In addition, this experiment has shown that the pressure gradient will give some effect to the membrane. The pressure gradient must be suitable with the pore size of each membrane because the loss of permeate flow is an undesirable condition for this experiment. After finishing the experiment, the volume of water collected increases according to the sequence of reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, microfiltration and ultrafitration.
ABSTRACT
Separation processes by using the application of membrane have become highly demand in various industries. In this newly separation process , the membrane function as a semi-permeable barrier and the separation process occur by the membrane controlling the rate of movement of various molecules between two liquid phases , two gas phases or a mixture of a gas phase and liquid phase. In industries, many companies have high demand on both quality and quantity of water for production. Membrane process can be used to separate chemical substances in various types and sizes from microscopic to molecular level. The objective of this experiment is to study the characteristic of four different types of membrane. The membranes used in this experiment are polyamide film ( AFC 99 ) as membrane one , polyamide film ( AFC 40 ) as membrane two , cellulose acetate (CA 202 ) as the third membrane and PVDF (FP 100 ) that act as the fourth membrane. In order to identify the characteristic of all four membranes, experimental procedures should be done. The variable for this experiment is the membrane maximum inlet pressure, where different membrane maximum inlet pressure is set for each of the membrane. Then after the experiment has run for specific time, an amount of sample called permeates which is actually the water is taken from every membrane. The weight for the permeate for all four membrane are recorded and compared in order to study the characteristic of the membrane. In addition, this experiment has shown that the pressure gradient will give some effect to the membrane. The pressure gradient must be suitable with the pore size of each membrane because the loss of permeate flow is an undesirable condition for this experiment. After finishing the experiment, the volume of water collected increases according to the sequence of reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, microfiltration and ultrafitration.