In his "States" Edward Said writes about the "alienated" Palestinians. This story is an example of Pratt’s definition of a transcultural text. There are so many pieces that can be put together in States to Pratt’s ideas to form the transcultural text. The text from States can be used to help us better understand what a transcultural text is because it has new pieces of information, and it mostly relates to today’s world. I think that if we understand the story “States” as a transcultural text, we will be able to apply that to other stories which makes it easier to understand. Palestinians’ situation can mostly be understood through Pratt’s definition of contact zone. Said goes beyond what Pratt defines as a community. Pratt defines community as strongly utopian, but that is not what Said sees. The Palestinians do not have a “strongly utopian” community. And also, Pratt defines the marginal group and dominant group which I applied to “States.” Palestinians are in the marginal group because they are getting represented by Said who is in the dominant group. Mary Pratt would consider “States” a transcultural…
Mary McLeod Bethune was born on July 10, 1875 in Mayesville, South Carolina. Her parents,Samuel and Patsy McLeod were former slaves, and she was the youngest of seventeen children. She was the only child in her family to be born in freedom. Her mother worked for her former owner, and her family raised enough money to get five acres of land. Her father grew cotton on that land.…
educators in United States history. She was a leader of women, an adviser to several American presidents, and a powerful champion of equality among races. Mary McLeod was born on July 10, 1875 in Mayesville, South Carolina. She died on May 18, 1995 in Daytona Beach, Florida. Her parents, Samuel and Patsy McLeod, were former slaves, as were most of her brothers and sisters. (Mary was the fifteenth of seventeen children.) After her parents were freed, they saved up and bought a small farm of their own. Mary helped her parents on the family farm. When she was eleven years old, she entered a school established by a missionary from the Presbyterian Church. She walked five miles to and from school each day, then spent her evenings teaching everything she had learned to the rest of her family. (Halasa, Malu)…
The nation and identity: how are national identities created and what ensures their success or failure?…
1. In my opinion, the introductory story Pratt is telling about her sons and their baseball cards not only gets the reader interested in what is to come, but also gets them thinking a little about how worthy their education system. It sparked my interest to learn that her sons were learning their phonics not in school, but by reading the names and statistics of players on baseball cards. Later on, Pratt relates a story about Guaman Poma and his manuscript. She states that the essay was hard to read and very ungrammatical. This shows that he, also, was uneducated due to the fact that he couldn’t write properly. Like Poma’s inability to be literate, the Incas weren’t literate either. A passage in the book states that the Incas weren’t able to read what Poma had written. Granted part of this reason is because Poma couldn’t write correctly, but even if he could, the Incas had no system of education. Therefore, none of them knew how to read. The third valid point to support my theory was the example of her son and the system of how his classroom worked. Like the text says, most classrooms work in a homogenous way. This means that the teacher has the most authority over all of the students. By teaching in this way, most of what the students are going to learn are in the teacher’s point of view. This isn’t right because it only gives the kids a sense of what one person has to say, rather than reflecting opinions off each other. After reading this story a few times, one of the central arguments that appears is that in every situation given, education lacks some way. In the first example, her sons were learning more from baseball cards than they were in school. For the second, it is obvious education lacks because it appears as though nobody knows how to read or write a simple text. Lastly, moral in the education system isn’t there. If a teacher is the only one speaking, nothing…
Mary Edwards Walker was a civil war surgeon and women’s rights activist who was brave and strong. She was a generous person who stuck up for what she believed in and worked hard all her life. She made a mark in history and is remembered and known all around the world. On Monday, November 26th, 1832 in Oswego, New York, Mary Edwards Walker was born to her two parents, Vesta and Alvah Walker. She was the youngest girl in her family, with four sisters and a brother.…
The sovereignty and goodness of GOD, together with the faithfulness of his promises displayed, being a narrative of the captivity and restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, commended by her, to all that desires to know the Lord's doings to, and dealings with her. Especially to her dear children and relations. The second Addition [sic] Corrected and amended. Written by her own hand for her private use, and now made public at the earnest desire of some friends, and for the benefit of the afflicted. Deut. 32.39. See now that I, even I am he, and there is no god with me, I kill and I make alive, I wound and I heal, neither is there any can deliver out of my hand.…
Mary McLeod Bethune was an innovative leader because she took a story which was largely latent in the population, equal education rights for black children, and brought it to national prominence through the creation of the Bethune-Cookman college. She was also a visionary leader because of the incredible success she was able to attain in advancing the cause of equal education.…
Walker, Dale L. Mary Edwards Walker: Above and Beyond. New York: Tom Doherty and Associates, 2005. 1 March 2013.…
The Crucible is a play about the Salem witch trials and all the people involved with the deaths and he people that actually died. The play explains the trigger to thee trials and the events that lead to the first and last people that were hanged. Mary Warren, a character in the play, was the cause of a lot of the deaths in the play, even though in was pretty much all a mistake. The Crucible really makes you thing about how even innocent people are the most guilty.…
After talking to students in classroom who were assigned to do a project on Pratt, getting a frequent response “I didn’t read it, it’s too hard to comprehend” was an ordinary thing. Therefore, writing a response to Pratt’s essay in a language that is comprehendible by regular people can be very helpful to those struggling students. In "Arts of the Contact Zone" Pratt discusses the mix of two different cultures in one area. Where one person is born and lives in a "contact zone" he/she is surrounded by two different conflicting cultures, and there are two different languages. She also introduces us with a new word "autoethnography", which means the way in which subordinate peoples present themselves in ways that their dominants have represented them. Therefore, autoethnography is not self-representation, but a collaboration of mixed ideas and values form both the dominant and subordinate cultures. Pratt provides many examples of autoethnography throughout her essay, including two texts by Guaman Poma and her son, Manuel. Although very different in setting, ideas, and time periods, they both accomplish the difficult goal of cross-cultural communication.…
The debate about identity is that many believe that it is a ‘crucial part of the individual self, sense of belonging and continuity’ (Schwartz, 2006). Recognition of a country or nation essentially influences ones behaviour in relation to their nation, national identity impacts every aspect of one’s everyday practices; this includes food, education, lifestyle which is adopted and language taught in education (Billig, 1995). Subsequently, the notion of national identity is based on one's place of birth, residence, and religion. However, some scholars argue that national identities have the capacity to be flexible; in regards to Australia, it is possible to attain dual identification. For example, immigrants still have a connection with their homeland while also developing a relationship with their current country of residence.…
diversity is not based solely on culture and other human aspect, but as well as,…
Belonging to a community or a group is essential on someone’s sense of self. Whether it is a sporting team, family, or background, to belong is a human necessity. People want to feel secure, happiness and pride. The poetic series immagrant chronicles by peter skrzynecki portray the sense of belonging or lack of he and his family felt once migrated from Poland to Australia. Only ten by allan Baillie is a short story which represent the ideas of not belonging to a new community after the resettlement in a new foreign country. Escaping from his war torn country, Hussein or “the shah” and his alien like antics are surprising and odd to the school students. After he fails to find anything in common with the kids, he isolates himself. Culturally, these people do not fit in.…
The thesis of the essay is that the person shouldn't have to define himself or his identity to people if he were raised according to different cultures. It's unfair to him – as it is to other people – to have to choose between certain aspects of his identity or even hide those facts and save them for a different group of people that can cope with those different sides. "The identity can't be compartmentalized ".…