Products

About

©2018 StudyMode.com

Malayan Union

Topics: Malaysia, Malayan Union, British Malaya Pages: 3 (1013 words) Published: March 9, 2011
In 1945, the Japanese surrendered and the Second World War ended. The period between the Japanese surrender and the return of the British to Malaya gave the Malayan Communist Party (MCP) the opportunity to take over the government in Malaya. History shows that the MCP got to control Malaya for 14 days. During that time and from time to time thereafter its members created trouble and chaos. Later, the British returned to Malaya in September 1945. To restore peace, the British Military Administration (BMA) was established. In the chaos military rule was felt necessary. The military system of administration did not last and in its wake the British proposed a new system of administration known as Malayan Union. In January 1946, the Constitution of the Malayan Union was passed and on 1 April 1946 the Malayan Union was officially proclaimed, with Edward Gent as the first Governor. (Nazaruddin Hj Mohd Jali 2003, Malaysian Studies 2010 :30)

The main objective of the British in introducing the Malayan Union was to ensure that the economic interests of the British in Malaya were protected. Therefore the British felt in order to protect their interest, a standardize administration under one ruling system (Malayan Union ) were needed. With the idea of one ruling system could do more efficient administrative beside cut down cost. At the same time, with this system may strengthen up the defense after the chaos in the internal states. The British also trying to united all races become one races to ensure the labor force and the investment of their interest are in secure and reliable. In Malayan Union proposed, British had stated that their ultimate objective was to grant independence to the country. It was also said that the British deliberately set up the Malayan Union because of the hatred some British officer had against Malays for supporting Japanese during their Occupation Malaya and instead felt grateful to MPAJA (in particular the Chinese) who opposed the Japanese....
Continue Reading

Please join StudyMode to read the full document

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Malayan Union Essay

    ...The formation of Malayan Union After the Japanese surrendered in 1945 and which the Second World War ended. The period between the Japanese move out from Malaya and the return of the British gave the Malayan Communist Party (MCP) the opportunity to take over the government in Malaya for 14 days. During that time, MCP created many troubles and chaos. On September 1945 British army came back, they tried to restore peace and govern Malaya with the named British Military Administration (BMA). Military rule was necessary during the chaos, but BMA faced challenge from MCP, which wanted to govern the Malayan. Due to the administration based on military system cannot last long, the BMA was dissolved and on 10 October 1945 the secretary of British Colonial Office, George Hall has announced that a parliament of the Malay political unity known as Malayan Union (MU) to replace BMA. It was a confederation of the Malay States and Straits Settlements excluding Singapore, which was placed as a crown colony under direct British rule. On 11 October 1945 Harold MacMicheal was sent to Malaya to obtain the signatures of the Sultans of agreeing the establishment of MU. British Parliament issued a “white paper” that containing proposals for Malayan Union. At last, it was the first time that the states of the Peninsular been administered as a union and having their...

    Read More
    256 Words 1 Pages
  • Impact Malayan Union Essay

    ...Impact of Malayan Union Malays has against the Malayan Union because the opposition was mainly due to the way Sir Harold MacMichael acquired the Sultans’ signatures, the erosion of the Sultans’ powers and the offering of citizenship to recent immigrants mainly the ethnic Chinese because their economic dominance was seen as a threat to the economic development of the Malays. Following is report taken from Malayan Press Digest that produced by Press Intelligence, British Colonial Government. Press Digest that issued one week once this formulate news from newspapers and magazine (daily, weekly, monthly), political pamphlets and book published in Malaya from 1945, post war second world. A big demonstration against the Malayan Union staged by 36,000 Kelantan Malays was reported by MAJLIS 9.2.1946. The Malays chose to call the White Paper as an “atomic bomb thrown by the British in Malaya”. SERUAN RA’AYAT 9.2.1946 gave the number of men who took part in the procession as 65,000. The demonstrators carried banners with inscriptions in English and Malay saying “British Government Betrays Trust”, “Can we trust British Government Again?”, “Allow Malays to exist in this world”, “Give us our rights”, “We want justice”, “We want peace but not at the expense of our rights”, etc. The paper published the “declaration of oath” adopted by the Kelantan Malay officers who unanimously...

    Read More
    1054 Words 4 Pages
  • malaya union Research Paper

    ...THE Malayan Union, which the British Labour Government inaugurated in post-war Malaya on April 1, 1945, lasted slightly more than two years. Although it was a shortlived constitutional experiment, it led to dramatic political developments. In present-day Malaysian history textbooks, the Malayan Union is regarded as having awakened political activity, and heightened ethnic consciousness and nationalism among the peninsula’s different ethnic groups. For the Malays, their opposition to the Malayan Union led to the birth of the United Malays National Organisation or Umno – which was inaugurated on May 11, 1946 in Johor Baru – and the emergence of Datuk Onn Jaafar as its first president. Umno obtained support from all strata of Malay society in opposing the Malayan Union – the aristocrats, the radical Parti Kebangsaan Melayu Malaya (Malay Nationalist Party or MNP), Islamic groups, civil servants, rural leaders like the penghulus (village heads), and even the police and ex-service personnel. Umno opposed the Malayan Union because it restricted the Malay rulers’ powers and Malay special privileges, and granted citizenship and equal rights to non-Malays who qualified on birth, residential and other terms. Umno founder Datuk Onn Jaafar was a keen writer.Umno demanded a return to the prewar political structures, set up in the...

    Read More
    772 Words 3 Pages
  • Factors That Led to the Failure of the Malayan Union Essay

    ...to the failure of the Malayan Union As the result of the opposition from the local people the Malayan Union was not implemented. There have several factors that led to the failure of the Malayan Union. Strong opposition from the Malays is one of the factors that led to the failure of the Malayan Union. Malayan Union has no support from Malay rulers and Malays. Rulers lost sovereignty and power and Malays lost special privileges. Malayan Union said to favors non-Malay and putting Malays at a disadvantage. This means the suggestion to set up the Malayan Union stirred up a strong sense of nationalism among the Malays. The Malayan Union also has no strong support from the non-Malays. The non-Malays did not show much interest because British postponed the enforcement of citizenship rights. They not interested in political developments in Malaya. They still showed allegiance towards country of origin. They also not ready for drastic change yet. Felt British should concentrate on improving conditions in Malaya. Malaya was not stable politically, economically and socially. They still have strong communal feelings. Not happy too because union did not include Singapore. The other factor is they have wrong timing. Communal feelings...

    Read More
    412 Words 2 Pages
  • History of the Malayan Emergency Essay

    ...Malayan Emergency The Malayan emergency was the conflict that occurred shortly after the end of the second world war in British Malaya from June 1948 till July 1960 between the British and her allies against Chinese Malay communists. this conflict is considered one of the most effective anti-communist campaigns, modern guerilla warfare campaigns but, most importantly the first contemporary use of the 'hearts and minds' strategy. The origins of this war can be seen with British colonial actions prior to World War Two and the Japanese occupation. The tactics and type of warfare would set the 'tone' for jungle warfare with Communists have there own organised plan followed up by a and phycological warfare in the asian region for the next half century and is also compared to Vietnam but, as a more successful attempt in counter-insurgency tacts. The Malayan Emergency would leave a lasting legacy in South East Asia. The origins of the emergency has many different factors, firstly the withdrawal of the Japanese from WWII and the unrest that it left, the trained communist soldiers who had fought them, the divided ethnic groups of Malaya, creation of a post-war government and of course, the three murders of europeans that caused the state of emergency. With the withdrawal of Japanese troops from the regions towards the end of the second World War. The Japanese occupation had left the Malayan economy disrupted. Problems...

    Read More
    4045 Words 11 Pages
  • Essay about Socialimpact of Malayan Emergency to the People of Malaysia

    ...Social Impact of the Malayan Emergency On The People and The Country of Malaysia: During Malayan Emergency, British had focus on many aspects and one of those was internal and foreign aspects. Other than that, they also concerned with population control, featuring a discussion of the deportations, resettlement and destruction of villages. Because of this social impact of Malayan Emergency, people of Malaysia had been divided by races to different places. During the Malayan Emergency in Malaysia, approximately 12000 white planters and engineers mostly lived on the rich western side of the peninsula. Other than that, few thousands of British officers and administrative officials with the ruling Malay prices and the heavily-Chinese local bourgeoisie had been placed on the area. This area had the benefits of the world’s greatest sources of rubber and tin. These resources were trade flowing through the highly strategic port of Singapore. The remaining of the population had also been divided into three main groups. These groups were 49% of Malay, 19% of Chinese and 12% of Indian. The Malay group mostly been arranged to the river side and mostly become fisherman now. However, most of the Chinese been arranged in the city which far away from the jungle to prevent they communicate or giving some supplies to communist members for the reason most of the communist members are Chinese. Other than that, mostly Indians were...

    Read More
    480 Words 2 Pages
  • Unions Essay

    ...What is the Effect of Unions on the General Employment of a Skilled Trade Laborer? An Annotated Bibliography Critical Preface Today, the economy is split into two income levels wiping out middle class and crippling the economy. Now one of the countries main staples in labor law enforcement is one of the direct causes of the disappearing middle class. Though I was aware of the union’s stronghold on the skilled labor forces, I was still unaware of how largely they affected the skilled labor force financially. For this proposal, I decided to discover why labor unions were so important to the culture of the 1950’s and how to distance ourselves from their overpriced work force of today. I pose questions that ask if the unions are essential to the economy and how we can fund more projects open to the skilled labor workforce to produce competitiveness. These questions will be examined thoroughly because the public must obtain a solution for the skilled labor force which is a big portion of the unemployed work force. I compiled my research during the week of March 20, 2008. The resources chosen for the bibliography are all articles that cover the trade unions and their impact on the economy. These sources provided answers to the questions used during my research. For example; how the economy is affected by the unions? By using a wide variety of opposing view points I can also illustrate the how the...

    Read More
    1052 Words 3 Pages
  • Unions Essay

    ...Pro and Cons Unions Introduction The effect of teacher unions on school reform is a controversial in the world of education. A teachers union is an organization of workers that have banded together to achieve common goals. America consists of two main teachers unions; the National Education Association and the American Federation of Teachers. “The National Education Association, the nation's largest professional employees organization, it has more than three million members that work at every level of education, from pre-school to university graduate programs” ("NEA - NEA Home"). “The American Federation of Teachers has more than one million members nationwide and has grown into a trade union representing workers in education, health care, and public service” ("AFT - American Federation of Teachers - A Union of Professionals"). Pros There are many reasons teacher unions are good for teachers as well as the public. They protect teachers' rights, support teacher professionalism and check administrative power. “Teachers unions are able to build productive relationships and exert a positive influence on the improvement of teaching and learning” (Noll, 2013, p.239). “We live in an era when leaders in business and the media demand that schools function like businesses in a free market economy, competing for students and staff. Many such...

    Read More
    952 Words 3 Pages

Popular Essays

Become a StudyMode Member

Sign Up - It's Free