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Wastewater Treatment Methods and Disposal
Wastewaters are waterborne solids and liquids discharged to the sewers and represent the wastewater of community life. In composition wastewater includes dissolved and suspended organic solids, which are "putrescible" or biologically decomposable. Domestic wastewater also contains countless numbers of living organisms -- bacteria and other microorganisms whose life activities cause the process of decomposition. When decay proceeds under anaerobic conditions, that is, in the absence of dissolved oxygen in the wastewater, offensive conditions result and odors and unsightly appearances are produced. When decay proceeds under aerobic conditions, that is, in the presence of dissolved oxygen, offensive conditions are avoided and the treatment process is greatly accelerated.
The overall philosophy of wastewater sanitation involving the removal, control and treatment of a wastewater in an area that is isolated or remote from the center of activity is important. Over the years wastewater treatment management practices have evolved into a technically complex body of knowledge based on past practice and applied engineering and environmental sciences. The intelligent application of these fundamentals goes a long way toward assuring us that the environment will be maintained in a safe and acceptable condition.
There are two general treatment objectives with respect to wastewater:
1. Reducing or minimizing the public health hazards of a wastewater. These are general treatment measures aimed at preventing pathogens and other potentially harmful components from finding their way back to the consumer, and
2. Eliminating, reducing or minimizing the deteriorative impact of a wastewater on the receiving water quality and its environment.
A sharp distinction must be made between the term "wastewater disposal" and "wastewater treatment". All wastewater has to be disposed of. Some wastewater is subjected to various types of
Wastewaters are waterborne solids and liquids discharged to the sewers and represent the wastewater of community life. In composition wastewater includes dissolved and suspended organic solids, which are "putrescible" or biologically decomposable. Domestic wastewater also contains countless numbers of living organisms -- bacteria and other microorganisms whose life activities cause the process of decomposition. When decay proceeds under anaerobic conditions, that is, in the absence of dissolved oxygen in the wastewater, offensive conditions result and odors and unsightly appearances are produced. When decay proceeds under aerobic conditions, that is, in the presence of dissolved oxygen, offensive conditions are avoided and the treatment process is greatly accelerated.
The overall philosophy of wastewater sanitation involving the removal, control and treatment of a wastewater in an area that is isolated or remote from the center of activity is important. Over the years wastewater treatment management practices have evolved into a technically complex body of knowledge based on past practice and applied engineering and environmental sciences. The intelligent application of these fundamentals goes a long way toward assuring us that the environment will be maintained in a safe and acceptable condition.
There are two general treatment objectives with respect to wastewater:
1. Reducing or minimizing the public health hazards of a wastewater. These are general treatment measures aimed at preventing pathogens and other potentially harmful components from finding their way back to the consumer, and
2. Eliminating, reducing or minimizing the deteriorative impact of a wastewater on the receiving water quality and its environment.
A sharp distinction must be made between the term "wastewater disposal" and "wastewater treatment". All wastewater has to be disposed of. Some wastewater is subjected to various types of