Control values and Integrity from the top make it clear that it is unethical activities will not be accepted , and set the tone for the company's culture . There are several principles of management :…
Suggest how corporate management can provide assurances to investors that the performance forecast and expected earnings will be realized, minimizing the volatility of the stock price. Provide support for your suggestions.…
Key areas that affect earnings quality 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Premature revenue recognition Gross vs. net basis Allowance for doubtful accounts Price vs. volume changes Real vs. nominal growth…
Principles of Accounting II Cost Accounting Accounting is the accumulation and aggregation of info for decision makers including administrators, traders, authorities, loan providers, as well as the general public. Accounting systems impact behavior and administration and have effects across divisions, companies, and even nations. This report will provide the reader a knowledge regarding cost accounting. This report will talk about: Why is cost accounting so essential to the achievement of the company; what are the different ways of cost accounting and how are they utilized; how does an operating budget work in order to control a firms administration; what are the factors of a financial budget; how are financial budgets developed; what is variance analysis and the way its utilized. Cost accounting can be defined as the procedure of gathering, computing, assessing, interpreting as well as reporting cost info which is both helpful and related to the internal and external stakeholders of a business. Among the many advantages of cost accounting is that it converts data into info, knowledge and wisdom regarding a business entitys functions which is helpful for: gauging efficiency, decreasing or controlling expenses, deciding the charges or rates for services and goods, determining to approve, change or stop a plan or activity. One more advantage is that info on the costs programs as well as activities can be used as a foundation in order to approximate future expenses in organizing as well as analyzing budget requests. As soon as budgets are authorized as well as executed, cost info serves as a helpful comment on efficiency. In addition to that, costs might be compared to known or supposed advantages in order to identify value-added and non-value added actions.…
The internal and external factors that affect a company’s stock can be managed effectively if there is a plan. The companies can effectively manage itself from within to provide a stable environment from within to balance those external factors that the company may not be able to control but is in a position to react to mitigate their effects. For a company to manage itself well enough to provide investors with strong financials, it must deal with all internal factors as well as the external factors. The value of the stock price is only what the investors are willing to pay for it. Using the estimates and ratios such as the P/E ratio lets investors make decisions by the numbers rather than by emotion (Brealey, Myers, & Marcus, 2012). The real value lies in the strength in the numbers that determine if the company is a profitable investment. Using historical numbers for a company an investor is more likely to make profitable decisions.…
Collier, P.M. (2006) ‘Accounting For Managers: Interpreting Accounting Information for Decision-making’ 2nd Edit, John Wiley 7 Sons Ltd, England.…
The objective of this course is to develop the students’ analytical abilities to deal with problems relating to financial situations within the firm. This course deals with the role of accounting in an organization’s planning and control system which includes costing, cost allocation, variance analysis, responsibility accounting, performance evaluation, and incentive compensation. The way in which management accounting information affects the strategic and operational decisions within the organization will also be discussed.…
Expected earnings growth which affects future ROE. The future earnings of a company are expected to be due to its future growth potential which may be predicted by numerous indicators including forecasted sales growth rate due to market share gains etc.…
* Management fraud- aka financial statement fraud; involves top management’s deceptive manipulation of f.s.; more inclusive…
The first issue relates to the proposition discussed in the previous section that managers’ decisions may be motivated by the desire to manipulate earnings. Specifically, Issue #1 involves the controversy over absorption costing (i.e., full costing) versus variable costing. Advocates of the latter state that with absorption costing, net income is susceptible to manipulation by managers because fixed overhead is a product cost and, therefore, unit costs can be lowered by merely increasing current production. This lowers cost of goods sold and, in turn, yields a higher current net income. As Zimmerman (2000, p. 496) states, “Managers rewarded on total profits calculated using absorption costing can increase reported profits by increasing production (if sales are held constant). A major criticism of absorption costing is that it creates incentives for managers to overproduce, thereby…
Managerial accounting is an internal business function that deals with the day‐to‐day operation of a business. A managerial accountant gathers and reports information that helps managers in decision making and unlike financial accounting it does not have to follow established standards and principles. It is concerned with such matters as profitability in relation to both cost and volume of sales, budgeting, making decisions about pricing, and the general productivity of the business (Schneider, 2012). This information is of value to managers and helps them to make decisions about projects, new products or services, reorganization of departments, and other internal matters. How important are the new approaches such as just in time, activity based costing and flexible forecasting, to managerial accounting?…
This case was written by Igor Vaysman, Professor of Accounting and Control at INSEAD, and Stephen Smyth of Esfren Consulting as a basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation.…
This course considers the processes and systems, many accounting-based, by which key managers allegedly ensure that resources are acquired and used effectively and efficiently in the accomplishment of an organization’s goals.…
In order to determine and take a dispassionate view about what lies beneath the surface of accounting figures, a financial analyst has to make use of different management accounting techniques. Cost techniques have a precedence over the other techniques since accounting treatment of cost is often both complex and financially significant. For example, if a firm proposes to increase its output by 10%, is it reasonable to expect total cost to increase by less than 10%, exactly 10% or more than 10%? Such questions are concerned with the cost behavior, i.e. the way costs change with the levels of activity. The answers to these questions are very much pertinent for a management accountant or a financial analyst since they are basic for a firm’s projections and profits which ultimately become the basis of all financial decisions. It is, therefore, necessary for a financial analyst to have a reasonably good working knowledge about the basic cost concepts and patterns of cost behavior. All these come within the ambit of cost accounting.…
Income smoothing: Companies generally prefer to report a steady trend of growth in Profit rather than to show volatile profits with a series of dramatic rises and falls. This is achieved by making unnecessarily high provisions for liabilities and against asset values in good years so that these provisions can be reduced, thereby improving reported profits, in bad years.…