How Temperature Affects A Phase Shift Experiment

A critical point happens when a substance has a high enough temperature and pressure that both liquid and gas can exist at the same time. This state is called a critical point. Now, when a state of matter changes from one state to another is called a phase shift. Phase shifts are extremely important and most commonly observe phase shifts daily. For an example, when water freezes into ice, or the water in the shower turns to steam. To begin to start describing how a phase shift works we must understand factors that influence a phase transition. Variables that effect a phase shift are volume, pressure, temperature, and number of moles or molecules present in a system. For simplicity when analyzing a system it is easiest to assume that the number
To do so we need to take a closer look at each of these variables separately. The first variable I will discuss is temperature. Everyone on earth has accoutered temperatures before. When we walk outside sometimes it is hot or cold out. But what is going on the molecular level that makes it feel hot or cold out? The temperature outside on a hot day can be thought as the speed or velocity of the air molecules. On a hot day the air molecules have a higher velocity then they do on a cold day. This velocity can be considered as the molecules translating, rotating, and vibrating in a container. If the molecules are moving around quickly then they have a large sum of kinetic energy which means that they are warm appear warm. But if energy is removed from the molecules start moving slower and if all energy is removed from the molecules then the system that the molecules exist in will have zero energy. When matter has zero kinetic energy means that the matter has a temperature of absolute zero, or zero kelvin. It is impossible for anything to be colder then absolute zero because molecules cannot have negative speed or velocity. To make an assessment of the kinetic energy of a system is to find the average kinetic energy of a