How Did Kennedy's Decision To Authorize The Invasion Of The Bay Of Pigs?

In 1961, President John F. Kennedy made the decision to authorize the CIA plan to attempt to overthrow the Castro administration. The approval of this invasion was a failure because approximately 1,400 Cuban exiles were killed or captured and damage to Kennedy’s political image during the Kennedy Administration. In this paper, by using Anderson’s decision-making framework, I will argue that the presence of deference and personal values of the individual process criteria and the presence of persuasion of the group process criteria led to Kennedy’s poor decision, which led to the failure of the Bay of Pigs attack.
Individual Process Criteria
The individual process criteria demonstrated that Kennedy’s decision to authorize the invasion of the Bay of Pigs was a failure. Individuals use the individual process criteria to make critical
President Kennedy was an instrumental person in decision-making, who took a stance against the U.S. intervention in the Cuban invasion to protect his presidential reputation and position. Personal values are individual beliefs that are highly influential in the decision-making process because they want to “protect or promote [their] own physical or financial well-being, reputation, or historical position.” Kennedy made a critical decision to not have an U.S. intervention in the Bay of Pigs invasion because he did not want to stand a chance of a political fallout (Wyden, 1979). Kennedy’s personal values and determined mindset provided limitations on analyzing the best choices for success to overthrow the Castro regime. When the mission called for the need of U.S. military invention, President Kennedy refused because he was persistent on protecting his personal values and presidential image. For instance, General Gray described his findings and noted that the United States’ backing is necessary to successfully collapse the Castro regime. Kennedy made it clear that U.S. aid will be provided and not U.S. military