Preview

Himanshu

Better Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1655 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Himanshu
SEN700 –Research Methodology

Declaration
I certify that the attached work is entirely my own (or where submitted to meet the requirements of an approved group assignment is the work of the group), except where work quoted or paraphrased is acknowledged in the text. I also certify that it has not been submitted for assessment in any other unit or course.
I agree that Deakin University may make and retain copies of this work for the purposes of marking and review, and may submit this work to an external plagiarism-detection service who may retain a copy for future plagiarism detection but will not release it or use it for any other purpose.
Hydrocarbon Refrigerants

NAME: HIMANSHU BABBAR
ID: 213359906
UNIT CODE: SEN700
Assignment 1
DUE DATE: 06/04/2014

INTRODUCTION
What is the first thing that comes to the mind when the temperature outside goes high?? Switching on the air conditioner and beat the heat. But has anyone ever wondered about how these air conditioners are working and producing such a cooling effect and do they have any effect on our environment or not?. Well, all these air conditioners, refrigerators that we uses in our households, shopping malls and even in our vehicles uses refrigerants that help in achieving the desired cooling. Refrigerants are the fluids which undergoes the refrigeration cycle by absorbing heat from one source and rejecting into another.

There are many refrigerants like CFC’s (Chlorofluorocarbons), HCFC’s (Hydro chlorofluorocarbons), HFC’s (Hydro fluorocarbons), and FC’s (Fluorocarbons) that are currently in use. Some of them may be banned but some are still in use. All these refrigerants that are in use are not good for our environment due to their chemical properties. They are harmful for the environment due to their toxic nature, ozone depletion potential (ODP) and global warming potential (GWP). Well the solution for these refrigerants are



Bibliography: [1] Engas Australasia. (Undated). [Online]. Viewed 2014 April 2. Available : http://www.engas.com.au/About-Hydrocarbon-Refrigerants.php [2] U.S. Environmental Protection agency. (2010, August). [Online]. Viewed 2014 April 2. Available : http://www.epa.gov/Ozone/basicinfo.html [3] Vtech Cool Innovation. (Undated). Hydrocarbon Refrigerants: Alternatives to HFC’s. [Online]. Viewed 2014 April 2.Available: http://www.vtechonline.com/pdf/News-PDFs/s_6.pdf [4] R.S. Agarwal. (1998). Hydrocarbon Blends and Blends of HFC-134a-HC600a as Drop in Refrigerants for small Capacity commercial refrigeration appliance – An Experimental study. [Online].Viewed2014April2Available:http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1386&context=iracc. [5] March Consulting group. (September 1998). Opportunities to minimize emissions of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) from the European Union. [Online]. Viewed 2014 April 2.Available:http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/chemicals/files/sustdev/hfc_study_en.pdf [6] B. McCarthy. (Undated). R134a Refrigerant – is it really Environmental friendly?. (Online). Viewed 2014 April 2. Available : http://kaojaigreen.com/r134a-refrigerant-is-it-really-environmentally-friendly [7] Vtech Cool Innovation. (Undated). Hydrocarbon Refrigerants: What’s it Going to be?. [Online]. Viewed 2014 April2.Available:http://www.vtechonline.com/newsletters/fall2012/vtech-enews-fall-2012-alternative-refrigerants.html [8] Hydrocarbons21 (2014 March). Interest in Hydrocarbons refrigerants hotting up in the US, according to Greenchill webinar. [Online]. Viewed: 2014 April 2. Available: http://www.hydrocarbons21.com/articles/interest_in_hydrocarbons_refrigerants_hotting_up_in_the_us_according_to_greenchill_webinar

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Joseph, Lou. "Energy Saving Technologies." The Brewer-Garrett Company. N.p., Jan. 2011. Web. 11 Feb. 2015. < http://www.brewer- garrett.com/WhatWeDo /Energy.3]Serv ices/EnergySavingTechnologies.aspx>.…

    • 1076 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Air conditioning is harmful not only to oneself but also to the environment; it causes pollution at work, at home, and around town. Before there was air conditioning, Congress would have to adjourn their meeting because it would be too hot. Even 50 years after the air conditioner was installed, congress would…

    • 433 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Blue No. 5 Dye Analysis

    • 1002 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Hydrocarbons are nonpolar compounds containing carbon and hydrogen atoms. The properties of three hydrocarbons are summarized…

    • 1002 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Sc300 Unit 4 Assignment

    • 2003 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Heating/Air Conditioning – For heating one can use natural gas or heating oil and for air conditioning, electricity is used. Natural gas and heating oil are fossil fuels and electricity is created from fossil fuel.…

    • 2003 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Best Essays

    Obama the Machiavellian

    • 3380 Words
    • 14 Pages

    U.S. Energy Information Administration, "This Week In Petroleum." May 2, 2012. Accessed May 3, 2012.…

    • 3380 Words
    • 14 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Better Essays

    What Is HFO-1234yf?

    • 1369 Words
    • 6 Pages

    This new product also has a low toxicity level. Comparing the two refrigerants of HFC-134a and HFO-1234yf the 134a is a hydro fluorocarbon while the 1234yf is a hydrofluoro-olefin refrigerant. HFC refrigerants are have one single bong while the HFO refrigerant is bonded with at least one double bond between the carbon atoms. HFO-1234yf has the same physical properties as HFC-134a therefore 1234yf may be used in current 134a systems without making many modifications to the system. According to DuPont 1234yf has the potential to be retrofitted to the existing HFC-134a systems. The only problem with this that it can cause is that HFO-1234yf is said to be tens times more expensive then the existing HFC-134a which then brings the idea of shops recharging the system with “HFO-1234yf” but actually refilling it with the cheaper HFC-134a since they will be so similar. Studies have proved that HFO-1234yf has improved performance beating the HFC-134a. HFO-1234yf will have a lower total contribution to climate change. It has a more environmentally sustainable refrigerant for automobiles that has a 99.7% better GWP score than the currently used refrigerants, test have also…

    • 1369 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    However, it became an integral part of a vicious circle: by consuming huge amounts of energy, air conditioners are contributing to climate change. As Plester (2016) states, similarly to a fridge, air conditioners pump out extra heat straight into the atmosphere. That extra heat makes cities hotter, raising night-time temperatures by up to 2C, which then encourages people to turn up their air conditioning even higher. Besides, air conditioning systems use powerful greenhouse gases called hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are thousands of times more potent than carbon…

    • 760 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Can Petroleum Be Replaced?

    • 1816 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Today 's world economy relies more than ever on a constant supply of petroleum to fuel a vast number of different vehicles and other applications. Everything from an internal combustion engine in a car to a furnace in a home use a petroleum product as the form of energy needed to make them function. With the burning of oil for energy comes the unwanted side-product of emissions such as carbon dioxide, which have now been proven to affect the Ozone and weather patterns of Earth. These emissions along with the un-rest in the Middle East, a large supplier of oil to the world, have renewed interest in possible new alternative energy sources to cut down on the global dependence on oil. Researchers at some of the top laboratories and automotive companies are now in the process of experimenting to develop these fuels; they are now closer than ever to having a viable alternative to oil.…

    • 1816 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Air Conditioning Papers

    • 740 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Moisture can accumulate in the coils and fan blades from condensation that forms when cold air circulates through the appliance"(cbsnews).But still after school we can some kids stay and clean."Air conditioners can contribute to sick building syndrome, a variety of conditions that are brought on by time spent in certain indoor environments" (cbsnews). We can some days when it's so nice out that we can learn outside. "Long hours spent in air conditioned environments causes your skin to lose moisture; if you are not aiding your skin with a constant supply of moisturizers you may begin to suffer from dry skin" (global news). We can have lotion and etc in the…

    • 740 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    People and Economic Activity

    • 2451 Words
    • 10 Pages

    In recent years the depletion of the ozone layer has been attributed to global mass tourism. Tourism has contributed to the problem directly through the construction of new developments and daily management and operations, for example the hotel industry regularly uses refrigerators, air conditioners and propellants in aerosol cans, which contain CFC’s. Similarly emissions from Jet aircraft are also a source of ozone depleting substances. It has been predicted that by 2015, half of the annual depletion of the ozone layer will be attributed to air travel.…

    • 2451 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Cfc's

    • 1529 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) are a man-made substance that did not previously exist to the industrial area. They are a product of a collaboration of three American companies – Frigidaire, General Motors, and Du Pont -- after a series of fatal accidents during the 1920's where toxic gases, (Methyl Chloride), used as refrigerants leaked from refrigerators. Thomas Midgley, Jr. of General Motors first synthesized CFC's in 1928, and later, on December 31, 1928, Frigidaire was issued the first patent for this formula. CFC's went under the trade name of Freon (11 and 12), licensed by Du Pont, and by 1935, they and their competitors had sold over eight million new refrigerators in the United States containing the substance. Because of the CFC safety record for non-toxicity, especially when compared to that of previously used substances for coolants, Freon became the preferred substance in large air-conditioning systems. Public health codes in many American cities were even revised to mandate the use of Freon. Soon thereafter the production and use of CFC's took off, ranging from propellants for bug sprays, paints, hair conditioners, and in air-conditioning in automobiles. (See appendices 1) Peak annual sales of the product worldwide reached over one billion dollars US, and more then one million metric tons were produced.…

    • 1529 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Hydrogen Fuel

    • 941 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Hydrogen has a high specific energy, high flame speed, wide range of flammability, and clean burning characteristics which suggest a possibility of high performance in internal combustion engines (ICE). These attributes have been realized for more than half a century since the onset of hydrogen engine development. In the early 1990s, FSEC conducted research on using hydrogen in an ICE. This work resulted in the development of a mixed fuel called HYTEST. Today, automobile manufacturers and DOE continue to work on hydrogen-powered ICEs.…

    • 941 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The importance of the greenhouse effect and the demand for saving energies make the air conditioner manufacturer to focus more on the new kind of products- energies saving products and environmental friendly but better performance. Cooling’s competitors are the famous brands from all over the world. Panasonic, Daikin, Mitsubishi, LG, Chinese air conditioner counterfeit in the Vietnamese market.…

    • 567 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    References: (1) T.X. Li, R.Z. Wang, R.G. Oliveira, J.K. Kiplagat, L.W. Wang (2008): A combined double-way chemisorption refrigeration cycle based on adsorption and resorption processes (2)L.W. Wang, R.Z. Wang, R.G. Oliveira (2007): A review on adsorption working pairs for refrigeration (3) Peng Hu, Juan-Juan Yao, Ze-Shao Chen (2008): Analysis for composite zeolite/foam aluminum–water mass recovery adsorption refrigeration system driven by engine exhaust heat (4) Manuel I. Gonza´lez, Luis R. Rodrı´guez, Jesu´s H. Lucio (2008): Evaluation of thermal parameters and simulation of a solar-powered, solid-sorption chiller with a CPC collector (5) X.Q. Zhai, R.Z. Wang (2007): Experimental investigation and theoretical analysis of the solar adsorption cooling system in a green building (6) I.I. El-Sharkawy, B.B. Saha, S. Koyama, J. He , K.C. Ng, C. Yap (2007): Experimental investigation on activated carbon–ethanol pair for solar powered adsorption cooling applications (7) S. Jiangzhou, R.Z. Wang, Y.Z. Lu, Y.X. Xu, J.Y. Wu, Z.H. Li (2002): Locomotive driver cabin adsorption air-conditioner (8) Wei-Dong Wu, Hua Zhang, Da-Wen Sun (2008): Mathematical simulation and experimental study of a modified zeolite 13X–water adsorption refrigeration module (9) A. El Fadar, A. Mimet, M. Pe´rez-Garcı´a (2008): Modelling and performance study of a continuous adsorption refrigeration system driven by parabolic trough solar collector (10) Z. Tamainot-Telto, S.J. Metcalf, R.E. Critoph (2008): Novel compact sorption generators for car air conditioning (11) M.A. Alghoul, M.Y. Sulaiman, K. Sopian, B.Z. Azmi (2008): Performance of a dual-purpose solar continuous adsorption system (12) S. Li, J.Y. Wu (2008): Theoretical research of a silica gel–water adsorption chiller in a micro combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system (13) Z. Tamainot-Telto, S.J. Metcalf, R.E. Critoph, Y. Zhong, R. Thorpe (January 2009): Carbon-Ammonia pairs for adsorption refrigeration applications: ice making, air conditioning and heat pumping (14) M. Clausse, F. Meunier, J. Coulié, E. Herail (January 2009): Comparison of adsorption systems using natural gas fired fuel cell as heat source, for residential air conditioning…

    • 3476 Words
    • 14 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Ozone layer plays a vital role in protecting animals, human beings and plants from ultraviolet radiation. Ozone layer is destroyed by a group of manufactured or human made chemicals such as chlorine bromine. These chemicals are called "ozone-depleting substances". Ozone layer is destroyed by some natural’s ways and some humane made activities. A single molecule of chlorine can break apart thousands of molecules of ozone. Chlorofluorocarbons the most widely used in ozone-depleting substances, accounting for total stratospheric ozone destruction. Used as conditioners in buildings, coolants in freezers, refrigerators and air and cars manufactured. Chlorofluorocarbons are found in dry-cleaning agents, industrial…

    • 940 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays

Related Topics