Geo Notes
Geography
Skills
* Legend/key- a table showing what each symbol means on the map * Are reference- 4 figure e.g. 24 26 * Grid reference- 6 figure e.g. 243 265 * Latitude- left to right * Longitude- up and down * Direction of flow of a creek- usually towards a bigger river or sea and you can tell the direction by where the origin point is and where it finishes or joins a bigger river. Also the slope. *
* Relief is the difference between the highest and lowest elevations in an area. A relief map shows the topography of the area. * Cross section- drawing a flat map to a graph where you can see the height also display labels. * Gradient is the steepness of a slope as measured in degrees, percentage, or as a distance ratio (rise/run). (measure in a fraction (height divided by length)) * Scale- written (1cm equals 1km), linear ( 1km ) or ratio (1:100000) * Measuring distance- straight (as the crow flies) from one point to another with a ruler. Curved (along a road or river) measure by marking straight parts on a piece of paper. * T
X
D
S
T
X
D
S
* Synoptic chart interpretation…………… * Climate graphs- average temp (low div high x 2) average rainfall. * Types of photos
* Population pyramids…………………. * SE
SE
Graphs- display information so it’s easy to read – How are they different? What’s different? Etc. Constructing- averages. * Aspect is the direction a slope is facing. When finding the aspect it is going from the slope to the point. * Calculating the percentage change between two numbers. E.g. original 10 second number 20 so change 10 therefor 100%. * Flood hydrographs-
Rock Types, weathering and mass movement
Main rock types
Igneous
* result from volcanic activity * Consists of crystals formed from cooled rock * E.g. granite and basalt * Uses in buildings, pottery and fertile soil
Sedimentary
* Laid down
Skills
* Legend/key- a table showing what each symbol means on the map * Are reference- 4 figure e.g. 24 26 * Grid reference- 6 figure e.g. 243 265 * Latitude- left to right * Longitude- up and down * Direction of flow of a creek- usually towards a bigger river or sea and you can tell the direction by where the origin point is and where it finishes or joins a bigger river. Also the slope. *
* Relief is the difference between the highest and lowest elevations in an area. A relief map shows the topography of the area. * Cross section- drawing a flat map to a graph where you can see the height also display labels. * Gradient is the steepness of a slope as measured in degrees, percentage, or as a distance ratio (rise/run). (measure in a fraction (height divided by length)) * Scale- written (1cm equals 1km), linear ( 1km ) or ratio (1:100000) * Measuring distance- straight (as the crow flies) from one point to another with a ruler. Curved (along a road or river) measure by marking straight parts on a piece of paper. * T
X
D
S
T
X
D
S
* Synoptic chart interpretation…………… * Climate graphs- average temp (low div high x 2) average rainfall. * Types of photos
* Population pyramids…………………. * SE
SE
Graphs- display information so it’s easy to read – How are they different? What’s different? Etc. Constructing- averages. * Aspect is the direction a slope is facing. When finding the aspect it is going from the slope to the point. * Calculating the percentage change between two numbers. E.g. original 10 second number 20 so change 10 therefor 100%. * Flood hydrographs-
Rock Types, weathering and mass movement
Main rock types
Igneous
* result from volcanic activity * Consists of crystals formed from cooled rock * E.g. granite and basalt * Uses in buildings, pottery and fertile soil
Sedimentary
* Laid down