Gandhi
Gandhi is a 1982 epic biographical film which dramatizes the life of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, an Indian lawyer and activist who was a leader of the nation 's non-violent, non-cooperative independence movement against the United Kingdom 's rule of the country during the 20th century.
Gandhi was a collaboration of British and Indian production companies[3] and was written by John Briley and produced and directed by Sir Richard Attenborough. It stars Ben Kingsley in the titular role.
The film dramatizes Mahatma Gandhi 's life from a defining moment in 1893 in South Africa in which he was physically thrown off a train for being "coloured" in a whites only first class compartment until his assassination on January 30, 1948. His massive funeral is also dramatized. Although a practicing Hindu, Gandhi 's embracing of other faiths, particularly Christianity and Islam, is also depicted.
Gandhi was released in India on November 30, 1982, in the United Kingdom on December 3, 1982, and in the United States on December 6, 1982. It was nominated for Academy Awards in eleven categories, winning eight, including best picture. Ben Kingsley also won for best actor. The screenplay of Gandhi is available as a published book.[4][5] The film opens with a statement from the filmmakers explaining their approach to the problem of filming Gandhi 's complex life story:
“ No man 's life can be encompassed in one telling. There is no way to give each year its allotted weight, to include each event, each person who helped to shape a lifetime. What can be done is to be faithful in spirit to the record and to try to find one 's way to the heart of the man...[6] ”
The film begins with Gandhi 's assassination on 30 January 1948,[5]:18-21 and his funeral.[5]:15-18 After an evening prayer, an elderly Gandhi is helped out for his evening walk to meet a large number of greeters and admirers. One of these visitors—Nathuram Godse—shoots him point blank in the chest. Gandhi exclaims, "Oh, God!"
Gandhi was a collaboration of British and Indian production companies[3] and was written by John Briley and produced and directed by Sir Richard Attenborough. It stars Ben Kingsley in the titular role.
The film dramatizes Mahatma Gandhi 's life from a defining moment in 1893 in South Africa in which he was physically thrown off a train for being "coloured" in a whites only first class compartment until his assassination on January 30, 1948. His massive funeral is also dramatized. Although a practicing Hindu, Gandhi 's embracing of other faiths, particularly Christianity and Islam, is also depicted.
Gandhi was released in India on November 30, 1982, in the United Kingdom on December 3, 1982, and in the United States on December 6, 1982. It was nominated for Academy Awards in eleven categories, winning eight, including best picture. Ben Kingsley also won for best actor. The screenplay of Gandhi is available as a published book.[4][5] The film opens with a statement from the filmmakers explaining their approach to the problem of filming Gandhi 's complex life story:
“ No man 's life can be encompassed in one telling. There is no way to give each year its allotted weight, to include each event, each person who helped to shape a lifetime. What can be done is to be faithful in spirit to the record and to try to find one 's way to the heart of the man...[6] ”
The film begins with Gandhi 's assassination on 30 January 1948,[5]:18-21 and his funeral.[5]:15-18 After an evening prayer, an elderly Gandhi is helped out for his evening walk to meet a large number of greeters and admirers. One of these visitors—Nathuram Godse—shoots him point blank in the chest. Gandhi exclaims, "Oh, God!"
References: ^ Derek Malcolm (2 December 1982). "Gandhi for beginners (Derek Malcolm reviews the new releases)". The Guardian, (pg.11). ^ "Gandhi, Box Office Information". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 29, 2012. ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0083987/companycredits ^ Briley, John (1982) ^ a b c Briley, John (1983). Gandhi: The screenplay. New York: Grove Press. ISBN 0-394-62471-8. ^ p. 15 of Briley (1983). Only discrepancy: Movie DVD (2007, ch. 1, time 0:01:09) lacks a comma after "record" that is present in Briley (1983). ^ pp. 21-24, Briley (1983). ^ In Briely (1983), Gandhi mentions he is on a "fast" (p. 168), and later says that he wants "That the fighting will stop - that you make me believe it will never start again" (p. 172). ^ Briley (1983), Gandhi to Jinnah: "I am asking Panditji to stand down. I want you to be the first Prime Minister of India" (p. 158). ^ p. 179, Briley (1983). ^ p. 180, Briley (1983); in the movie/screenplay, the river is not identified. ^ Wakeman, John. World Film Directors, Volume 2. The H. W. Wilson Company. 1988. 82. ^ a b c d e Jack Kroll (1982). "A magnificent life of Gandhi". Newsweek [US edition] (December 13, 1982): 60. ^ Kroll (1982, p. 60) mentions advocacy of Alec Guinness, John Hurt, and Dustin Hoffman, and quotes Attenborough as stating that "At one point Paramount actually said they 'd give me the money if Richard Burton could play Gandhi." ^ See Jack Kroll (1982) ^ "1982 Domestic Grosses". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 29, 2012. ^ a b c Richard Schickel (1982, December 6). "Cinema: Triumph of a martyr [review of Gandhi, film by Richard Attenborough"]. Time 120: 97. ^ Christian Williams (December 6, 1982). "Passage to 'Gandhi '; Attenborough 's struggle to bring the Mahatma 's life to the screen". Washington Post: pp. Show, F1. ^ Coleman McCarthy (January 2, 1983). " 'Gandhi ': Introduction to a moral teacher". Washington Post: pp. Style; K2. ^ Stephen Hay (1983). "Review: Attenborough 's "Gandhi"". The Public Historian (University of California Press on behalf of the National Council on Public History) 5 (3): 85–94. ISSN 0272-3433. JSTOR 3377031. ^ Eknath Easwaran (1982). "Gandhi - Reflections After the Film". Cross Currents (Convergence) 32 (4): 385–388. ISSN 0011-1953. ^ Mark Juergensmeyer (1984). "Review: The Gandhi revival--a review article". The Journal of Asian Studies (Association for Asian Studies) 43 (2): 293–298. ISSN 0021-9118. JSTOR 2055315. ^ Darius Cooper (1983). "Untitled [review of Gandhi by Richard Attenborough]". Film Quarterly (University of California Press) 37 (2): 46–50. ISSN 0015-1386. JSTOR 3697391. ^ Roger Ebert (1983, January 1). "Gandhi [review of film by Richard Attenborough"]. Chicago Sun-Times: pp. online film review. Retrieved 6 March 2011. ^ Rotten Tomatoes: Gandhi ^ James, Lawrence (1997) ^ Akhil Gupta (1983). "Review: Attenborough 's truth: The politics of Gandhi". The Threepenny Review (Threepenny Review) (15): 22–23. ISSN 0275-1410. JSTOR 4383242. ^ JEWEL IN THE CROWN, Museum of Broadcast Communication ^ "The 55th Academy Awards (1983) Nominees and Winners"