Fisher Esterification Lab Report
April 04, 2014 Fisher Esterification
Introduction:
Esters are one of the most common derivatives of carboxylic acids and are widely distributed in both nature and industry. A Fischer Esterification is the formation of an ester and water from alcohol and an acid. It is the simplest means of synthesizing an ester and requires the reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. The general reaction of Fischer esterification is, CH3CO2H + ROH ↔ CH3CO2R + H2O (reaction1)
CH3COOH + ROH ↔ CH3COOR + H2O (reaction2) An alcohol (ROH in reaction 1) is a functional group containing a hydrogen, oxygen bond. Carboxylic acids (CH3CO2H in reaction 1) are characterized by a carbon, oxygen double bond, with one alcohol group and an alkyl or …show more content…
There were four signals present in the H1 spectrum at high field (right). The integration of protons was 1:3:2+1:3:6 (2+1 overlapping) in H1 spectrum, which implies there were 16 hydrogen present in the compound. Two signals were present at 0.9 and at 2 (singlet). The other two signals were present at 4.9 (multiplet) and 1.5 (looks multiplet because 2+1 integration was overlapping). The multiplicities of all signal clusters of H1 spectrum helped in determining the structure of compound. The signal at 4.9 indicates that the alkane group must be attached with electronegative compound that shifted alkane group by “2”, and the signal at 2 indicate the alkane group must be attached with carbonyl group. Thus, all the information collected from NMR suggested that the product of fisher esterification was (1,3-dimthylbutyl) acetate. A number of errors could have occurred in this experiment, which could have limited the amount of desired product yield. First, if not enough acid catalyst was used, protonation of the carbonyl group on the carboxylic acid would have been difficult to obtain. Second, if the temperature was too high in heating the mixture, some of the product could have been lost during the reflux
Introduction:
Esters are one of the most common derivatives of carboxylic acids and are widely distributed in both nature and industry. A Fischer Esterification is the formation of an ester and water from alcohol and an acid. It is the simplest means of synthesizing an ester and requires the reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. The general reaction of Fischer esterification is, CH3CO2H + ROH ↔ CH3CO2R + H2O (reaction1)
CH3COOH + ROH ↔ CH3COOR + H2O (reaction2) An alcohol (ROH in reaction 1) is a functional group containing a hydrogen, oxygen bond. Carboxylic acids (CH3CO2H in reaction 1) are characterized by a carbon, oxygen double bond, with one alcohol group and an alkyl or …show more content…
There were four signals present in the H1 spectrum at high field (right). The integration of protons was 1:3:2+1:3:6 (2+1 overlapping) in H1 spectrum, which implies there were 16 hydrogen present in the compound. Two signals were present at 0.9 and at 2 (singlet). The other two signals were present at 4.9 (multiplet) and 1.5 (looks multiplet because 2+1 integration was overlapping). The multiplicities of all signal clusters of H1 spectrum helped in determining the structure of compound. The signal at 4.9 indicates that the alkane group must be attached with electronegative compound that shifted alkane group by “2”, and the signal at 2 indicate the alkane group must be attached with carbonyl group. Thus, all the information collected from NMR suggested that the product of fisher esterification was (1,3-dimthylbutyl) acetate. A number of errors could have occurred in this experiment, which could have limited the amount of desired product yield. First, if not enough acid catalyst was used, protonation of the carbonyl group on the carboxylic acid would have been difficult to obtain. Second, if the temperature was too high in heating the mixture, some of the product could have been lost during the reflux