Childhood Development

The adolescent phase of life is the developmental stage where dependent children grow into independent adults. This stage usually occurs between age ten and proceeds through adulthood. The body of an adolescent undergoes a physical metamorphosis and a striking growth develops both intellectually and emotionally (Esman, 2015). In early adolescence, children are able to develop the capacity for abstract, logical reasoning and thus, this sophistication leads to heightened awareness of self, their physical changes in features, which often transforms into self-consciousness (Esman, 2015). Subsequently, adolescence becomes engrossed with their uniqueness and their distinct attractiveness is heightened as they differentiate their appearances from
As parents evaluate their children growth, it helps to establish proper monitoring and shows critical concepts of normality. There are numerous developmental screening tests to facilitate various domains (motor development, cognitions, gross motor, etc.) to ensure proper growth in development. Accordingly, dissimilarity within populations has origins in adverse early experiences, meaning that developmental neuroscience has shown how early biological and psychosocial experiences can disturb brain development (Walker, Wachs, Grantham-McGregor, Black, Nelson, Huffman, Baker-Henningham, Chang, Hamadani, Lozoff, Gardner, Powell, Rahman & Richter, 2011). Wachs at. el, 2011) identified factors of inadequate cognitive stimulation, stunting, iodine deficiency, and iron-deficiency anemia as key risks that prevent million of young children from properly attaining normal developmental potential Wachs et al., 2011). Recent research emphasized these risks could potentially strengthen evidence for other risk factors including intrauterine growth restriction, lead exposure, maternal depression, health infections, and exposure to societal violence Wachs, 2011). Sadly, evidence shows risks also resulting from prenatal maternal nutrition, maternal stress, and families affected with HIV and other health infections are emerging (Wachs,