Chain Surveying
AP 224
QSM 415
Land Surveying
Chain Surveying
What is chain surveying?
Chain surveying is a type of survey in which the surveyor takes measurements in the field and then completes plot calculations and other processes in the office. Here only linear measurements are made i.e. no angular measurements are made. This is most suitable adapted to small plane areas with very few details. If carefully done, it gives quite accurate results.
The necessary requirements for field work are
Chain
Tape
Ranging Rod
Arrows
Cross staff
Surveying chain.
Method
1. Reconnaissance: The preliminary inspection of the area to be surveyed is called reconnaissance. The surveyor inspects the area to be surveyed, survey or prepares index sketch or key plan.
2. Marking Station: Surveyor fixes up the required no stations at places from where maximum possible stations are possible. Some of the methods used for marking are:
Fixing ranging poles.
Driving pegs.
Marking a cross if ground is hard.
Digging and fixing a stone.
3. Then he selects the way for passing the main line, which should be horizontal and clean as possible and should pass approximately through the center of work.
4. Then ranging roads are fixed on the stations.
5. After fixing the stations, chaining could be started.
6. Make ranging wherever necessary.
7. Measure the change and offset.
8. Enter in the field the book.
Compass Surveying
What is compass surveying?
Compass survey is a method of surveying by taking bearings and linear distances to produce plan. Bearing is measured using prismatic compass, while the linear distance is measured using measuring tape. Bearing in compass surveying means angle is made by chain line or survey line by referring it to magnetic meridian or magnetic north.
COMPASS
There are two forms of compass in common use
-The prismatic compass
-The surveyor’s compass
The prismatic compass
It is very valuable instrument and is commonly used for rough surveys where speed and not the accuracy is
QSM 415
Land Surveying
Chain Surveying
What is chain surveying?
Chain surveying is a type of survey in which the surveyor takes measurements in the field and then completes plot calculations and other processes in the office. Here only linear measurements are made i.e. no angular measurements are made. This is most suitable adapted to small plane areas with very few details. If carefully done, it gives quite accurate results.
The necessary requirements for field work are
Chain
Tape
Ranging Rod
Arrows
Cross staff
Surveying chain.
Method
1. Reconnaissance: The preliminary inspection of the area to be surveyed is called reconnaissance. The surveyor inspects the area to be surveyed, survey or prepares index sketch or key plan.
2. Marking Station: Surveyor fixes up the required no stations at places from where maximum possible stations are possible. Some of the methods used for marking are:
Fixing ranging poles.
Driving pegs.
Marking a cross if ground is hard.
Digging and fixing a stone.
3. Then he selects the way for passing the main line, which should be horizontal and clean as possible and should pass approximately through the center of work.
4. Then ranging roads are fixed on the stations.
5. After fixing the stations, chaining could be started.
6. Make ranging wherever necessary.
7. Measure the change and offset.
8. Enter in the field the book.
Compass Surveying
What is compass surveying?
Compass survey is a method of surveying by taking bearings and linear distances to produce plan. Bearing is measured using prismatic compass, while the linear distance is measured using measuring tape. Bearing in compass surveying means angle is made by chain line or survey line by referring it to magnetic meridian or magnetic north.
COMPASS
There are two forms of compass in common use
-The prismatic compass
-The surveyor’s compass
The prismatic compass
It is very valuable instrument and is commonly used for rough surveys where speed and not the accuracy is