Case Study: Hydraulic Fracking
NUR 4110 Section: 8540 New York City College of Technology April 15, 2012
Introduction
For many centuries, countries including the United States have been searching for new ways to obtain an alternate source of energy. During the 1940’s, Hydraulic fracking (hydrofracking) or horizontal well drilling became the method of choice for obtaining natural gas. According to the 2010, report Fueling North America’s Energy …show more content…
Even though our NYC watershed is protected by buffer zones, methane contamination is likely. “An estimated 9 to 35 percent of the fracking, or "flowback," fluid flows back up the well-bore over a period of about two weeks. The rest remains below the earth 's surface and has the potential to move through cracks in well casings or the target substrate into surrounding rock and eventually to migrate into and contaminate groundwater sources for waterways and drinking supplies” (Journal of Law and Policy, 2011, …show more content…
Retrieved 4/15/12 from http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/cgc/HydraulicFracturingWhitepaper2011.pdf Latham & Watkins. (2010). Hydraulic Fracturing: Potential for Federal and State Oversight:
Venulex Legal Summaries, 1-6.
Manuel, J. (2010). EPA Tackles Fracking. Environmental Health Perspectives, 118(5), A199.
Millner, F. (2011). Access to Environmental Justice. Deakin Law Review, 16(1), 189-207.
Obama Administration Issues Proposed Clean Water Act Guidance as Part of a National Clean
Water Framework. (2011). Venulex Legal Summaries, 1-4. Retrieved 4/15/12, from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=d7f82e43-d365-4b0b-b635-8f5511c38a26%40sessionmgr115&vid=4&hid=108
Palliser, J. (2012). Fracking fury. Science Scope, 35(7), 20-24.
Powers, E, C. (2011). Fracking and Federalism: Support for an Adaptive Approach that Avoids the Tragedy of the Regulatory Commons. Journal of Law & Policy, 19(2). 913-971.
U.S Environmental Protection Agency. (2012). Environmental Justice. Retrieved 4/15/12, from http://www.epa.gov/environmentaljustice/ U.S Environmental Protection Agency. (2011). Draft Plan to Study the
Introduction
For many centuries, countries including the United States have been searching for new ways to obtain an alternate source of energy. During the 1940’s, Hydraulic fracking (hydrofracking) or horizontal well drilling became the method of choice for obtaining natural gas. According to the 2010, report Fueling North America’s Energy …show more content…
Even though our NYC watershed is protected by buffer zones, methane contamination is likely. “An estimated 9 to 35 percent of the fracking, or "flowback," fluid flows back up the well-bore over a period of about two weeks. The rest remains below the earth 's surface and has the potential to move through cracks in well casings or the target substrate into surrounding rock and eventually to migrate into and contaminate groundwater sources for waterways and drinking supplies” (Journal of Law and Policy, 2011, …show more content…
Retrieved 4/15/12 from http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/cgc/HydraulicFracturingWhitepaper2011.pdf Latham & Watkins. (2010). Hydraulic Fracturing: Potential for Federal and State Oversight:
Venulex Legal Summaries, 1-6.
Manuel, J. (2010). EPA Tackles Fracking. Environmental Health Perspectives, 118(5), A199.
Millner, F. (2011). Access to Environmental Justice. Deakin Law Review, 16(1), 189-207.
Obama Administration Issues Proposed Clean Water Act Guidance as Part of a National Clean
Water Framework. (2011). Venulex Legal Summaries, 1-4. Retrieved 4/15/12, from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=d7f82e43-d365-4b0b-b635-8f5511c38a26%40sessionmgr115&vid=4&hid=108
Palliser, J. (2012). Fracking fury. Science Scope, 35(7), 20-24.
Powers, E, C. (2011). Fracking and Federalism: Support for an Adaptive Approach that Avoids the Tragedy of the Regulatory Commons. Journal of Law & Policy, 19(2). 913-971.
U.S Environmental Protection Agency. (2012). Environmental Justice. Retrieved 4/15/12, from http://www.epa.gov/environmentaljustice/ U.S Environmental Protection Agency. (2011). Draft Plan to Study the