Pharmacokinetic application for this method was performed in Sprague Dawely rats. Resperidone and fluxotine were made into suspension using 2% tweem 80. Male rats weighing 200± 20 g administered simultaneously with risperidone mg/kg and fluoxetine 0.3 mg/kg after overnight fasting. Blood was withdrawal from the retro-orbital vein under partial anesthesia at ….,….. h post dosing. Plasma separated by centrifugation of blood at 3500 rpm for 5min. The sample kept frozen at -80 °C till analysis.…
The study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as the heart, lungs, and kidneys.…
Rats that were licked and groomed often by their parents were placed into high LG, and vise versa. The study focuses on the effects of LG and how this action will affect the pup in the short and long term as it grows into an adult. He explains the results from the experiment from which he presents, “the high-LG offspring excelled: They were better at mazes. They were more social. They were more curious. They were less aggressive. They had more self-control. They were healthier. They lived longer ……
Richter, C. P. (1976). Artifactual seven-day cycles in spontaneous activity in wild rodents and squirrel monkeys. Journal Of Comparative And Physiological Psychology, 90(6), 572-582. doi:10.1037/h0077226…
The results indicated that the rats were quickly conditioned, however they differed in their spontaneous recovery rates. The rats who were removed from the chamber for only an hour demonstrated the fastest spontaneous recovery time, followed by 72 hours, 3 hours and lastly 24 hours. Although, the rats conditioned at relatively similar rates and all had undergone extinction phases, those same rats differed when it came to spontaneous recovery. This study further highlights the importance of classical conditioning because the same organism can vary in spontaneous recovery time when both the neutral stimuli and unconditioned stimulus have been…
Ferrari et al. made a rat fight for 10 consecutive days. On the 11th day it was not allowed to fight. Researchers found that in anticipation of the fight the rat’s dopamine levels had raised and serotonin levels had decreased. This shows that experience had altered the rat’s brain chemistry, gearing it up for a fight. This supports the idea that both neurotransmitters are involved in aggressive behaviour and suggests a possible cognitive element in aggression i.e. the anticipation the rats experienced seemed to altar the levels…
❏ Every litter produces six young rats, and three of those six rats are females.…
Of Mice and Men teaches a grim lesson about the predatory nature of human existence. At some point in Steinbeck’s novella, each character admits to feeling a profound sense of loneliness, save for George and Lennie. They feel so isolated that they are rendered helpless, and even still they seek to destroy others weaker than themselves for power. Perhaps the most significant example of this cruel tendency is when Crooks criticizes Lennie’s dream of the farm. Crooks knows that while Lennie may be physically strong, he is intellectually weak, and Crooks could not help but take advantage of him. However, Crooks himself has his own vulnerabilities; being the only black man for miles places a heavy feeling of isolation. Only after nearly reducing…
main body shapes, a person who had one shape in particular (mesomorpic muscular) was more likely to lean towards criminal behaviour (Sammons,…
Most people would agree that beliefs are powerful. However, many people don’t know that our beliefs and expectations can impact our reality and the reality of others. They can even help the blind see. Which may mean that believing really is seeing. The amazing story of how our expectations shape people’s lives, as well as the research done on this topic, is presented by the hosts of the Invisibilia radio show on an episode entitled “How to Become Batman”.…
“She screamed” Steinbeck portrays Curley’s wife to have been through some drama and terror which could suggest her reaction from discrimination.…
For the testing purposes, the author gathered 170 male Wistar rats ranging from two to three months of age and weighting 250-280 grams. These testing subjects were obtained from Universidade Federal do Rio Grande’s breeding colony. The rats were separated into groups of five rats per cage under twelve hour light conditions at approximately 22 degrees Celsius. The rats were provided food and water as well. The study consisted of several experiments, all of which restrained the rat’s movement. In the first series of experiments the rats were maintained immobilized for fifteen minutes, one and three hours. For the second series of experiments the rats were administered an injection with beta-adrenergic blocker, which is 25 milligrams of propranolol, while the control was administered saline injections. A third part of the experiment consisted of a reversal, where the test subjects were administered either propranolol or saline before the rats were submitted to one hour of stress. Memory retention was tested by setting the testing subjects on a platform in a box with stainless steel bars on the bottom, shocking the subject every time the four paws were touching the steel bars. The shocks consisted of 1 second and 0.7…
Assigning rats into 4 (acute) week and 24 (chronic) week sham and OVX groups and drug treatment groups…
Each rat will take PO caffeine (5 and 20 mg/kg) on alcohol intake over a 10-day period…
Snith, A. "Effects of Caffeine on Human Behavior." FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY 40.9 (2002): 1243-55. Web of Knowledge. Web. 13 Mar. 2013. .…