Case study 2 Lost in the desert

1. First, Henry should put clothing on Mark. Although Mark may feel very hot, his skin has already been exposed to the intense UV sunrays for a long time. Continuing to stay in the sun will worsen Mark’s sunburns. Henry should also start administering Mark on diluted fluids that contain essential electrolytes. This will help restore hydration to Mark’s body without running the risk of his plasma becoming hypotonic. Mark has lost a lot of water through sweat and this combined with the intense heat of the sun has caused Mark to have heat stroke. The heat stroke and severe water loss is causing Mark to feel weak, nauseous, disoriented, have low blood pressure, and a headache. Water loss will especially have a large effect on Mark’s physical state because it will directly affect the blood pressure. Extreme water loss is also evident due to Mark’s lack of visible sweat. Hyperthermia has caused Mark’s heat loss process to become ineffective. Dehydration and the heat stroke made it so that Mark’s body cannot produce sweat.
2. An isotonic solution is one that contain and equal concentration of water molecules to ion molecules or other solutes. In this case the paramedic gave Mark an electrolyte/glucose solution as a form of oral rehydration therapy (ORT). Mark is still recovering from extreme fluid and electrolyte lost and needs large amounts of electrolytes and energy to balance cellular fluids and produce new cells to replace damaged ones. ORT will help to balance and rejuvenate cells by creating an environment where inside and outside the cells have equal concentration. If mark was given distilled water or bottle, it was create an hypotonic or hypertonic solution which would cause shrinking or swelling thus causing more damage.
3. Based on the concept of homeostasis, the symptoms of heat strokes act as a positive negative feedback loop to the stimulus of elevated body temperature. Because Mark is hot the sympathetic nervous system activates sweat glands, which causes