Case Study
INTRODUCTION
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, previously known as Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH), are high blood pressure disorders of pregnancy. It has long been one of the major problems for mothers in pregnancy, along with infection and postpartum hemorrhage. PIH is classified as gestational hypertension, mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia and eclampsia, depending on how far development advances. A woman is said to be preeclamptic when her blood pressure increases and shows protein in her urine that typically starts after the 20th weeks of pregnancy. It affects the placenta that can cause fetal complications which include low birth weight, premature birth, and still birth.
The cause of mild preeclampsia is unknown, but may be related to immune factors. It may result from fetal antigens elements of the fetus that trigger an immune response in the mother. Geographic, ethnic, racial, nutritional, immunologic, and familial factor and pre- existing vascular disease may also contribute to its development. Age is also a factor, common in those with age of below 17 years and primiparas who are older than age of 35 are at high risk for preeclampsia.
Signs and symptoms includes: blood pressure of 140/90 or systolic pressure elevated 30mmHg or diastolic elevated 15mmHg above pregnancy level; proteinuria of 1-2+ on a random sample; weight gain over 2lbs per week in 2nd trimester and 1lb per week in 3rd trimester, mild edema in upper extremities or face.
Patient diagnosed with mild preeclampsia may undergone examinations like urinalysis, blood pressure test, complete blood cell test and platelet count. Pharmacological treatment include an antihypertensive, such as methyldopa or hydralazine, and Magnesium sulfate to promote diuresis, and reduce blood pressure. Nursing management for clients with mild preeclampsia includes monitoring of blood pressure, minimizing external stimuli by promoting bed rest and relaxation, measuring and recording urine output,
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, previously known as Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH), are high blood pressure disorders of pregnancy. It has long been one of the major problems for mothers in pregnancy, along with infection and postpartum hemorrhage. PIH is classified as gestational hypertension, mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia and eclampsia, depending on how far development advances. A woman is said to be preeclamptic when her blood pressure increases and shows protein in her urine that typically starts after the 20th weeks of pregnancy. It affects the placenta that can cause fetal complications which include low birth weight, premature birth, and still birth.
The cause of mild preeclampsia is unknown, but may be related to immune factors. It may result from fetal antigens elements of the fetus that trigger an immune response in the mother. Geographic, ethnic, racial, nutritional, immunologic, and familial factor and pre- existing vascular disease may also contribute to its development. Age is also a factor, common in those with age of below 17 years and primiparas who are older than age of 35 are at high risk for preeclampsia.
Signs and symptoms includes: blood pressure of 140/90 or systolic pressure elevated 30mmHg or diastolic elevated 15mmHg above pregnancy level; proteinuria of 1-2+ on a random sample; weight gain over 2lbs per week in 2nd trimester and 1lb per week in 3rd trimester, mild edema in upper extremities or face.
Patient diagnosed with mild preeclampsia may undergone examinations like urinalysis, blood pressure test, complete blood cell test and platelet count. Pharmacological treatment include an antihypertensive, such as methyldopa or hydralazine, and Magnesium sulfate to promote diuresis, and reduce blood pressure. Nursing management for clients with mild preeclampsia includes monitoring of blood pressure, minimizing external stimuli by promoting bed rest and relaxation, measuring and recording urine output,