Biology a Exam, and Earth Science
Freshman Year Semester 1 Exam Study
Honors Earth Science:
Chapter 1:
Branches of earth science
Astronomy - study of objects beyond earths atmosphere
Meteorology - study of air that surrounds the earth~ how air interacts us give us weather
Geology- study of the materials that make up the earth and the processes that form and change those materials -4.6 billion
Oceanography- study of earths oceans 3/4 Of earths surface
* subspecialties are climatology, ecology, paleontology, geochemistry, hydrology and tectonics
Lithosphere - rigid outer shell of the planet and includes the solid uppermost part of the layer below the crust, called the mantle -oceanic crust-dense rock called basalt -continental crust-less dense rock called granite -asthenosphere - partially molten layer under the crust with flows like melted plastic
Hydrosphere - water in earth's oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, glaciers and atmosphere -97% salt water
Atmosphere - Blanket of gases that surrounds our planet - 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% trace
Biosphere - all organisms on the earth and the environments they live in - most live within a few meter of earths surface
* spheres are all independent (they get along and depend on each other)
* Most weather is in the troposphere
Hypothesis - suggested explanation for an observation
Scientific method- no one method, but should have the following
Question
- determine problem or q
- so some research
- state a hypothesis and make a prediction
- develop a test for hypothesis
Test
- select a sample
- identify variables
- conduct experiment, observe and record results
Analyze
- organize the data using graphs, tables or charts
- analyze graphs, tables and charts
- look for trends and compare to hypothesis/ prediction
Conclude - draw conclusions
- re-evaluate hypothesis
-formulate new questions
Experiment - an organized procedure for
Honors Earth Science:
Chapter 1:
Branches of earth science
Astronomy - study of objects beyond earths atmosphere
Meteorology - study of air that surrounds the earth~ how air interacts us give us weather
Geology- study of the materials that make up the earth and the processes that form and change those materials -4.6 billion
Oceanography- study of earths oceans 3/4 Of earths surface
* subspecialties are climatology, ecology, paleontology, geochemistry, hydrology and tectonics
Lithosphere - rigid outer shell of the planet and includes the solid uppermost part of the layer below the crust, called the mantle -oceanic crust-dense rock called basalt -continental crust-less dense rock called granite -asthenosphere - partially molten layer under the crust with flows like melted plastic
Hydrosphere - water in earth's oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, glaciers and atmosphere -97% salt water
Atmosphere - Blanket of gases that surrounds our planet - 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% trace
Biosphere - all organisms on the earth and the environments they live in - most live within a few meter of earths surface
* spheres are all independent (they get along and depend on each other)
* Most weather is in the troposphere
Hypothesis - suggested explanation for an observation
Scientific method- no one method, but should have the following
Question
- determine problem or q
- so some research
- state a hypothesis and make a prediction
- develop a test for hypothesis
Test
- select a sample
- identify variables
- conduct experiment, observe and record results
Analyze
- organize the data using graphs, tables or charts
- analyze graphs, tables and charts
- look for trends and compare to hypothesis/ prediction
Conclude - draw conclusions
- re-evaluate hypothesis
-formulate new questions
Experiment - an organized procedure for