Avp1-1 Encodes A Phosphatase
2. AVP1-1 encodes a phosphatase that serves as a proton pump in the membrane of the vacuole. Overexpression of this gene forces the proton pump to work harder, creating a stronger electrical gradient. This increase in the electron gradient increases the cell’s ability to relocate ions and sugars to the vacuole, which reduces the cell’s water potential, and makes the cell more drought-resistant in comparison to the wild-type