The Roman Empire was being run by Augustus Caesar around the time of Jesus’ birth, around 5 or 6 B.C. Luke 2:1 tells us, “And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree from Caesar Augustus that all the world should be taxed.” Caesar is one of the earliest Romans that the New Testament mentions. Mark 15:25-39 mentions the provincial governor and Acts 10 mentions the Roman soldiers.
Augustus Caesar was known as a hero to the Roman Empire,