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Beyond the savannahs are the deserts. These vegetations played a major role for Africans and how they make a living. Africa’s geographic features also influenced the cultural developments. The cataracts, or waterfalls, blocked easy movement., but the Great Rift Valley served as an interior passageway. The Mediterranean and Red seas provided trade routes to places in southwest Asia and present-day Europe.
Resources Spur Trade
Africa had a lot of minerals. Salt, gold, iron, and copper especially were valuable, so many continents wanted to trade with Africa. Transportation was generally hard because of the vast deserts, but there was the introduction of the camel, which were called the “ships of the desert”. Camel caravans created new trade networks, because they could carry heavy loads and go without water.
The Sahara Dries Out
Neolithic villages started to appear in the Sahara. Back then, (about 5500 B.C.) the Sahara was a well watered area covered with rich grasslands and savanna. In about 2500 B.C., the climate change slowly dried the Sahara. Desertification destroyed thousands of acres of cropland and pastureland. The desertification caused migration for people who were seeking new ways to maintain their life.
The Bantu Migrations
The migrations contributed to the diversity of Africa over thousands of years. The West African peoples spoke a variety of languages that came from one common language. This common language is called Bantu, and this migrations is called the Bantu migrations. As they migrated to Southern Africa, the Bantu speakers spread their skills in farming, ironworking, and domesticating animals. The existing cultures merged with those of the Bantu speakers.
Nubia Rivals Egypt
Trade led to contact between Nubia and Egypt, but also rivalry between who would control the trade in the region. By 1500 B.C., Nubians were under the Egyptian’s control, and so the Nubians adapted many of the Egyptian’s traditions. They modeled palaces
Resources Spur Trade
Africa had a lot of minerals. Salt, gold, iron, and copper especially were valuable, so many continents wanted to trade with Africa. Transportation was generally hard because of the vast deserts, but there was the introduction of the camel, which were called the “ships of the desert”. Camel caravans created new trade networks, because they could carry heavy loads and go without water.
The Sahara Dries Out
Neolithic villages started to appear in the Sahara. Back then, (about 5500 B.C.) the Sahara was a well watered area covered with rich grasslands and savanna. In about 2500 B.C., the climate change slowly dried the Sahara. Desertification destroyed thousands of acres of cropland and pastureland. The desertification caused migration for people who were seeking new ways to maintain their life.
The Bantu Migrations
The migrations contributed to the diversity of Africa over thousands of years. The West African peoples spoke a variety of languages that came from one common language. This common language is called Bantu, and this migrations is called the Bantu migrations. As they migrated to Southern Africa, the Bantu speakers spread their skills in farming, ironworking, and domesticating animals. The existing cultures merged with those of the Bantu speakers.
Nubia Rivals Egypt
Trade led to contact between Nubia and Egypt, but also rivalry between who would control the trade in the region. By 1500 B.C., Nubians were under the Egyptian’s control, and so the Nubians adapted many of the Egyptian’s traditions. They modeled palaces