anatomy shorty answer questions exam 3
Module
Question
Answer
8.1 (b)
Describe the components of a synovial Joint, and identify the functions of each.
Components of a synovial joint are:
Fibrous articular capsule (or joint capsule), which surrounds the joint
Articular cartilages, which resemble hyaline cartilages and cover the articulating bone surfaces
Synovial fluid, which is located within the joint cavity and provides lubrication, distributes nutrients, and absorbs shocks
8.2 (a)
Identify the types of synovial joints based on the shapes of the articulating surfaces and give one example of each.
Based on the shapes of the articulating surfaces, synovial joints are classified as:
Gliding (sacro-iliac joint)
Hinge (knee)
Pivot (proximal radio-ulnar joints)
Ellipsoid or condyle (radiocarpal joints)
Saddle (first carpometacarpal joints)
Ball-and-socket (shoulder)
8.8 (a)
Compare and Contrast rheumatoid arthritis to osteoarthritis. Include causes and physiology.
Both
Inflammation of joints
Damage to articular cartilage
Different:
Rheumatoid
General term that indicates pain & stiffness affecting muscles, bones, tendons, & joints
Osteoarthritis
Generally effects age 60 and older
Cumulative effects of wear and tear at the joint surface, or from genetic factors affecting collagen filaments.
9.2 (b)
Describe the structural components of a sarcomere. Draw a sarcomere; label the bands and lines described in your textbook.
Sarcomeres are segments of myofibrils. Each sarcomere has an M line that connects the central portion of each thick filament. The Z lines mark the boundary between adjacent sarcomeres; they consist of proteins called actinins, which interconnect thin filaments of adjacent sarcomeres. An A band, which extends the entire length of the thick filaments. An H band, which is the region on either side of the M line that contains only thick filaments (no thin). An I band, contains thin filaments but no thick filaments. The zone of overlap is where the thin
Question
Answer
8.1 (b)
Describe the components of a synovial Joint, and identify the functions of each.
Components of a synovial joint are:
Fibrous articular capsule (or joint capsule), which surrounds the joint
Articular cartilages, which resemble hyaline cartilages and cover the articulating bone surfaces
Synovial fluid, which is located within the joint cavity and provides lubrication, distributes nutrients, and absorbs shocks
8.2 (a)
Identify the types of synovial joints based on the shapes of the articulating surfaces and give one example of each.
Based on the shapes of the articulating surfaces, synovial joints are classified as:
Gliding (sacro-iliac joint)
Hinge (knee)
Pivot (proximal radio-ulnar joints)
Ellipsoid or condyle (radiocarpal joints)
Saddle (first carpometacarpal joints)
Ball-and-socket (shoulder)
8.8 (a)
Compare and Contrast rheumatoid arthritis to osteoarthritis. Include causes and physiology.
Both
Inflammation of joints
Damage to articular cartilage
Different:
Rheumatoid
General term that indicates pain & stiffness affecting muscles, bones, tendons, & joints
Osteoarthritis
Generally effects age 60 and older
Cumulative effects of wear and tear at the joint surface, or from genetic factors affecting collagen filaments.
9.2 (b)
Describe the structural components of a sarcomere. Draw a sarcomere; label the bands and lines described in your textbook.
Sarcomeres are segments of myofibrils. Each sarcomere has an M line that connects the central portion of each thick filament. The Z lines mark the boundary between adjacent sarcomeres; they consist of proteins called actinins, which interconnect thin filaments of adjacent sarcomeres. An A band, which extends the entire length of the thick filaments. An H band, which is the region on either side of the M line that contains only thick filaments (no thin). An I band, contains thin filaments but no thick filaments. The zone of overlap is where the thin