In 2004 a group of scientists found the partial skeleton of a new human species we had never seen before. Researchers called the remains LB1, also nicknamed the hobbit due to its small size. It was first believed that this new species, Homo floresiensis, was a descendent of Homo erectus that had simply dwarfed over time due to limited access to resources. However, newer studies have highlighted some of the more primitive characteristics of LB1, which lead scientists to believe that the hobbits branched off from the human family tree much earlier than previously thought.…
Homo floresiensis (“Man of Flores”) is the name for a possible new species in the genus Homo, remarkable for its small body, small brain, and survival until relatively recent times (www.en.wikipedia.org). Anthropologists Peter Brown of University of New England in South Wales, Australia, Michael Morwood and their colleagues have argued that a variety of features, both primitive and derived, identified LB1 (the first skeleton found in cave of Liang Bua) is that of a new species of hominin, Homo floresiensis. The first specimens were discovered by Thomas Sutikna and colleagues from the Indonesian Research Centre for Archaeology in Liang Bua cave of Flores, Indonesia in September of 2003 (www.newscientist.com). It’s most important and obvious identifying features were its small body and small brain. These species have been established to have survived on Flores until at least 12,000 years ago. However, there are still some anthropologists, such as Professor Teuku Jacob, who would claim these findings as anything but extraordinary. Whether these specimens represent a new species or not is a controversial issue within the scientific community as a growing number of scientists are challenging this sensational discovery.…
To explain the significant discrepancy in cranial and brain size, archaeologists suggested two main hypotheses: 1) the size of the entire skeleton was due to insular dwarfism, a phenomenon in which species living on islands are smaller than species living on large continents; 2) the size of the cranium and brain is due to a pathological disorder, such as microcephaly, a disorder stemming from incomplete brain development. The evidence surrounding the theory of insular dwarfism include a study of extinct Malagasy dwarf hippos, which proved that insular dwarfism can result in a brain size smaller than that projected by scaling models. Because of this, the decrease in brain size in H. floresiensis from that of its predecessors could be explained by an adaptation to the limited energy resources provided by the island, meaning that it would be more energy efficient to be small (Meijer et al., 2010). As of now, this is the best evidence presented in favor of the hypothesis of insular dwarfism (Aiello, 2010:172). Conversely, evidence supporting a pathological disorder includes cladistics analysis that upholds the theory. The first cladogram places H. floresiensis between Homo rudolfensis and the clade including H. habilis, while the second places it between H. habilis and the clade including H. georgicus. However, a pathological disorder does…
| Were said to have evolved about two hundred years ago. Homo sapiens or Human species are to have similar external features, and basic elements of genetic makeup and body chemistry- DNA, chromosomal patterns, life-sustaining proteins, and blood types with large apes.…
How did this descent with modification, this evolution, happen? The mechanism of evolution is the subject of this lab. You will do…
Methods in Evolutionary Anthro & Archaeology Early Hominins Homo erectus and Homo floresiensis Reading week - no class…
The video Dawn of Humanity is an interesting lesson about trying to bridge that gap between the Australopiths and homo genus. They briefly talk about previous finds such as Lucy and the different characteristics of Australopiths and homos. We watch how Professor Lee Berger worked with a group of scientist and climbers to explore a cave system that held thousands of bone fragments. Two cave climbers Steve and Rick were the ones who originally found the bones and took photos of them to show their friend Pablo who showed Lee. This is what started the Rising Star excavation. Lee found 11 scientists who were small enough to fit in the caves and bring out the fossils. It was a three-week project where they found 2,000 bone fragments that belonged to 12 different people. They were able to determine that it was a new member of the homo genus.…
Before Jane Goodall’s discovery scientists believed that non-human primates lived simple life. It turns out that they are highly intelligent, emotional creatures that live in complex societies. This new discovery lead people to feel compassion and concern for the animals. Leakey’s once said “new we must redefine tool, redefine man, or consider chimpanzees as humans”. We now see that we are not alone with being advanced that there are other non-human primates that also are advancing.…
• Discuss evidence that present-day organisms have developed from different organisms in the distant past:…
If we didn’t study human evolution we wouldn’t have ever knew that those bones, skeletons, and teeth were even human. If we didn’t know that these ancient ancestors of ours…
Many fossils have been found traits of both humans and apes; also comparisons of modern humans and apes support this theory.…
Patterns in the distribution of living and fossil species tell us how modern organisms evolved from their ancestors. Many recently discovered fossils form series that trace the evolution of modern species from extinct ancestors. At the molecular level, the universal genetic code and homologous molecules provide evidence of common descent.…
This article relates to Big Idea 1, that the process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life. More specifically it falls under the subunit 1B, that organisms are linked by lines of descent from common ancestry. With the discovery of a new primate species more information is found about the evolutionary history of all primates, from monkeys to humans. This ancient primate is connected to the modern day lemur, and could potentially serve as a missing link in the early branches of various lemur species. This connection is based on the idea that all organism are linked by common ancestors, and the identification of species can be determined by these genetic…
of ungulates, carnivores, and primates and provide, for the first time, evidence that changes in sociality and relative brain size…
Conclusion: While conducting this experiment I have come to the conclusion that my hypothesis was rejected. My hypothesis stated that 4 of the skulls would be bipedal. It turned out that five of them were bipedal. All of the the skulls in the ‘homo’ section were bipedal. The reason why many people think humans evolved from apes is because our structure is similar but as you learned that is not the case. As time passed humans have evolved in many ways. Based solely on the skulls from the ‘homo’ section, as you went ahead to the next one the heads became a little bit smaller. Also the zygomatic (cheek) bone shrunk. We humans are species that have evolved in many different ways over a long period of…