Air Pollution

Types And Causes Of Pollution
The term pollution refers to the act of contaminating ones environment by introducing certain hazardous contaminants that disturb the ecosystem and directly or indirectly affect the living organisms of that ecosystem. Pollution in general is the activity of disturbing the natural system and balance of an environment.
The increase in the pollution over the years by man has caused severe damage to the earth’s ecosystem. It is responsible for global warming which is leading to the end if all the lives on earth. Over the years there is an extreme increase in the rate of human diseases, and death rate of various animals and plants on earth, and that is all because of the pollution caused by man himself.

There are many types of pollution, but four of them have the most perilous affect on our lives. Following are the four most dangerous types of pollutions and their causes:
Air Pollution
Air pollution is perhaps the most common and the most dangerous type of pollution. It involves the direct release of chemicals into the environment. The chemicals then become the part of the air around us that all the living things take in.

The increase in the rate of diseases such as asthma and lung cancer today is due to the increase in the air pollution around us. Air pollution is also a cause of global warming andacid rain.
Causes Of Air Pollution
Basically the air pollution is caused by the burning of fuel that directly releases hazardous chemicals into the air.
For example the burning of coal releases sulphur dioxide, a poisonous gas which is responsible for acid rain.
The sources of such chemicals are the large factories, smoke from the vehicles, chimneys and burning of wood. * Threat To Polar Animals Due To Global Warming
The effects of global warming are playing havoc everywhere - higher temperatures, hurricanes, heavy rains, flooding and droughts have now become more frequent and severe in intensity.

Soil Pollution
Soil pollution involves the contamination of soil by the release of harmful substances into the soil. Unlike air pollution, which has a direct affect on human lives, soil pollution causes an indirect damage to humans and other animals.
The lives of all the living things depend on three sources: water, light and soil. The plants which are the producers of the food chain take up their nutrients, which are essential for their living, from the soil.
Drying Lakes Due To Global Warming * Lakes Dried Or Drying Up
Lakes are fresh water bodies that are enclosed by land from all sides. They are considered to be a short-term water body, and may dry up with changing environmental conditions.
The nutrients taken by the plants are then transferred to the consumers that depend on these plants. Hence a soil consisting of contaminants will not only affect the plants growing on the soil but it will also indirectly harm the entire food chain.
Causes Of Soil Pollution
Soil pollution is mainly caused by the release of industrial waste. This waste is directly incorporated into the soil by large industries and factories. Soil pollution is also caused by human acts as mining and deforestation etc.

Water Pollution
The 75% of the earth’s surface is covered with water and more that half of the total population of earth’s species resides in water.
Moreover, our life greatly depends on water and life without water is impossible. Water pollution not only affects the fish and animals living in the water but also affects the whole food chain by also transferring the contaminants to the consumers depending on these animals.

Animals Endangered Due To Pollution * 5 Endangered Animals Of The World
The increase of human population over the centuries has caused not one but many damage to Earth. The increase in human population leads directly to the increase in their demand which in turn leads to animal extinction.

Water used from a polluted lake directly contaminates its user. Many of the water creatures are on the verge of extinction due to the dramatic increase in the water pollution.
Cause Of Water Pollution
Just like air and soil pollution, water pollution is caused by the direct incorporation of hazardous pollutants.
The sources of these pollutants are yet again the large industries and factories that dispose off their waste in lakes and ponds.
Noise Pollution
Unlike other the above mentioned types of pollutions does not involve hazardous chemicals or their incorporation into the environment, rather noise pollution is the increase in the rate of noise in the environment.
Noise is defined as an unpleasant sound that has an adverse affect on the human ear.
Noise can be extremely dangerous. And it is all around us. It penetrates into human mind and controls it.
Too much noise leads to severe psychological illness and badly affects the behavior.
It leads to hypertension, stress, aggression and annoyance. Moreover, it causes depression and forgetfulness.
Cause Of Noise Pollution
Noise pollution is caused by the moving vehicles, man made machines and loud music. Other than that noise can be caused by anything, but these three sources are the main reasons for the noise pollution around us.
Sources Of WATER POLLUTION: * Dumping of industrial wastes, containing heavy metals, harmful chemicals, by-products, organic toxins and oils, into the nearby source of water is one of the visible causes of water pollution. * Another cause for the contamination of water is the improper disposal of human and animal wastes. * Effluents from factories, refineries, injection wells and sewage treatment plants are dumped into urban water supplies, leading to water pollution. * A number of pollutants, both harmful and poisonous, enter the groundwater systems through rain water. * The residue of agricultural practices, including fertilizers and pesticides, are some of the major sources of water pollution. * Untreated pollutants are drained into the nearest water body, such as stream, lake or harbor, causing water pollution. * Another major source of water pollution comprises of organic farm wastes. When farm land, treated with pesticides and fertilizers, is irrigated, the excess nitrogen and poisons get mixed into the water supply, thereby contaminating it. * Pathogens, sediments and chemical pollutants are other sources of water pollution. * The corporeal wastes produced by humans and farmed organisms pollute rivers, lakes, oceans and other surface waters.
Harmful Effects Of Water Pollution * A number of waterborne diseases are produced by the pathogens present in polluted water, affecting humans and animals alike. * Pollution affects the chemistry of water. The pollutants, including toxic chemicals, can alter the acidity, conductivity and temperature of water. * Polluted municipal water supplies are found to pose a threat to the health of people using them. * As per the records, about 14000 people perish or incur various communicable diseases due to the consumption of contaminated drinking water. * The concentration of bacteria and viruses in polluted water causes increase in solids suspended in the water body, which, in turn, leads to health problems. * Marine life becomes deteriorated due to water pollution. Lethal killing of fish and aquatic plants in rivers, oceans and seas is an aftereffect of water contamination only. * Diseases affecting the heart, poor circulation of blood and the nervous system and ailments like skin lesion, cholera and diarrhea are often linked to the harmful effects of water pollution. * Carcinogenic pollutants found in polluted water might cause cancer. * Alteration in the chromosomal makeup of the future generation is foreseen, as a result of water pollution. * Discharges from power stations reduce the availability of oxygen in the water body, in which they are dumped. * The flora and fauna of rivers, sea and oceans is adversely affected by water pollution.