Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is one of the first theories of motivation and probably the best-known one.
It was first presented in 1943. in Dr. Abraham Maslow’s article "A Theory of Human Motivation" in Psychological Review, and was further expanded in his book “Toward a Psychology of Being”. Maslow tried to formulate a needs-based framework of human motivation. His research was based upon his clinical experiences with humans, rather than prior psychology theories from authors such as Freud and B.F. Skinner, which were largely theoretical or based upon animal behaviour.
The basis of Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory is that people are motivated by needs that remain unsatisfied, and that certain lower factors have to be satisfied in order for higher needs to be recognized as unfulfilled.
Maslow presented five sets of human needs that drive human behaviour. These needs have been organized into hierarchy of relative dominance according to their appearance in human life.
Figure 1: Maslow’s pyramid of needs
Physiological Needs
Also known as Survival needs, are those required to sustain life, such as: * Breathing * Thirst * Hunger * Sleep * Sexual desire etc.
According to this theory, if these fundamental needs are not satisfied then one will surely be motivated to satisfy them.
Safety Needs
Once physiological needs are met, one's attention turns to safety and security in order to be free from the threat of physical and emotional harm. Such needs might be fulfilled by: * Living in a safe area * Medical insurance * Job security * Financial reserves
According to the Maslow hierarchy, if a person feels threatened, needs further up Maslow's Needs Pyramid will not receive attention until that need has been resolved.
Social Needs
Once a person has met the lower level physiological and safety needs, higher level motivators awaken. The first in level of higher
Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is one of the first theories of motivation and probably the best-known one.
It was first presented in 1943. in Dr. Abraham Maslow’s article "A Theory of Human Motivation" in Psychological Review, and was further expanded in his book “Toward a Psychology of Being”. Maslow tried to formulate a needs-based framework of human motivation. His research was based upon his clinical experiences with humans, rather than prior psychology theories from authors such as Freud and B.F. Skinner, which were largely theoretical or based upon animal behaviour.
The basis of Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory is that people are motivated by needs that remain unsatisfied, and that certain lower factors have to be satisfied in order for higher needs to be recognized as unfulfilled.
Maslow presented five sets of human needs that drive human behaviour. These needs have been organized into hierarchy of relative dominance according to their appearance in human life.
Figure 1: Maslow’s pyramid of needs
Physiological Needs
Also known as Survival needs, are those required to sustain life, such as: * Breathing * Thirst * Hunger * Sleep * Sexual desire etc.
According to this theory, if these fundamental needs are not satisfied then one will surely be motivated to satisfy them.
Safety Needs
Once physiological needs are met, one's attention turns to safety and security in order to be free from the threat of physical and emotional harm. Such needs might be fulfilled by: * Living in a safe area * Medical insurance * Job security * Financial reserves
According to the Maslow hierarchy, if a person feels threatened, needs further up Maslow's Needs Pyramid will not receive attention until that need has been resolved.
Social Needs
Once a person has met the lower level physiological and safety needs, higher level motivators awaken. The first in level of higher