Biology - Plants - Study Guide
STUDY GUIDE INTEGRATED SCIENCE 10
PLANT UNIT
DO YOU/CAN YOU….
1. Understand that both plants and animals (eukaryotes) undergo a similar process for cellular division/reproduction?
Both plant and animal cells undergo mitosis and meiosis. In plants, there is an alternation of generations; the gametophyte generation, where haploid gametes (pollen and ovule; sperm and egg) are produced via mitosis. Then the sporophyte generation combines these two into spores via meiosis, resulting in a diploid zygote which can grow into new cells.
2. Describe the sun as the ultimate source of energy for life?
Plants undergo the process of photosynthesis, where they absorb light energy and convert it into sugar. This process expels oxygen, which all living things require to survive. In addition, plants are a food, and hence an energy source, for many living creatures, making them essential in the food chain.
3. Describe the purpose, process, and chemical and energy components of photosynthesis and the source of each component (e.g. CO2 is found in the air)?
Chloroplast cells in the palisaide mesophyll absorbs light, which is then transferred to the reaction center. Carbon dioxide in the air and water from within the plant combine, transferring electrons from water into carbon dioxide molecules in a process called oxidation reduction.
4. Understand the form and function of all parts of plant leaves and how they assist in the basic functions associated with plant life?
The top layer of leaves are the waxy cuticle layer and the upper epidermis, which provide protection and prevents water loss. Below is the palisade mesophyll layer, composed of long column-like chloroplast cells which absorbs light to be used in photosynthesis. Xylem carries water and minerals, while phloem carries starches and nutrients to wherever needed; these two comprise the vascular bundle. Underneath is the spongy mesophyll layer, which is porous to allow for gas exchange, of carbon dioxide
PLANT UNIT
DO YOU/CAN YOU….
1. Understand that both plants and animals (eukaryotes) undergo a similar process for cellular division/reproduction?
Both plant and animal cells undergo mitosis and meiosis. In plants, there is an alternation of generations; the gametophyte generation, where haploid gametes (pollen and ovule; sperm and egg) are produced via mitosis. Then the sporophyte generation combines these two into spores via meiosis, resulting in a diploid zygote which can grow into new cells.
2. Describe the sun as the ultimate source of energy for life?
Plants undergo the process of photosynthesis, where they absorb light energy and convert it into sugar. This process expels oxygen, which all living things require to survive. In addition, plants are a food, and hence an energy source, for many living creatures, making them essential in the food chain.
3. Describe the purpose, process, and chemical and energy components of photosynthesis and the source of each component (e.g. CO2 is found in the air)?
Chloroplast cells in the palisaide mesophyll absorbs light, which is then transferred to the reaction center. Carbon dioxide in the air and water from within the plant combine, transferring electrons from water into carbon dioxide molecules in a process called oxidation reduction.
4. Understand the form and function of all parts of plant leaves and how they assist in the basic functions associated with plant life?
The top layer of leaves are the waxy cuticle layer and the upper epidermis, which provide protection and prevents water loss. Below is the palisade mesophyll layer, composed of long column-like chloroplast cells which absorbs light to be used in photosynthesis. Xylem carries water and minerals, while phloem carries starches and nutrients to wherever needed; these two comprise the vascular bundle. Underneath is the spongy mesophyll layer, which is porous to allow for gas exchange, of carbon dioxide