EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Double taxation occurs when a taxpayer is taxed twice for the same asset or income. This happens when taxing jurisdictions overlap and a transaction‚ asset‚ or income amount is subject to taxation in both jurisdictions. When an individual must deal with double taxation‚ he or she may lose a significant portion of income. In some cases‚ this may cause the double-taxed individual to experience a lowered standard of living. Corporations deal with double taxation too‚ as a corporation
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Nigeria as a colony in the 1880s‚ they divided the more than 200 ethnic groups into three regions: the Northern Region‚ the Western Region‚ and the Eastern Region. For hundreds of years‚ British missionaries‚ merchants‚ and soldiers interacted with Nigerians along the Atlantic coast‚ bringing Christianity (the British tried to convert all the people of Nigeria to Christianity)‚ British education‚ and the English language to Nigeria. On January 1‚ 1901 Nigeria became a British protectorate‚ part of the
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Chapter 14 Commodity Taxation Reading • Essential reading – Hindriks‚ J and G.D. Myles Intermediate Public Economics. (Cambridge: MIT Press‚ 2005) Chapter 14. • Further reading – Diamond‚ P.A. and J.A. Mirrlees (1971) ‘Optimal taxation and public production 1: Production efficiency and 2: Tax rules’‚ American Economic Review‚ 61‚ 8—27 and 261—278. – Madden‚ D.‚ (1995) ‘An analysis of indirect tax reform in Ireland in the 1980s’‚ Fiscal Studies‚ 16‚ 18—37. – Murty‚ M.N. and R. Ray (1987)
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Adam Smith’s Four Main Canons of Taxation ↓ A good tax system is one which is designed on the basis of an appropriate set of principles (rules). The tax system should strike a balance between the interest of the taxpayer and that of tax authorities. Adam Smith was the first economist to develop a list of Canons of Taxation. These canons are still regarded as characteristics or features of a good tax system. Adam Smith gave following four important canons of taxation. 1. Canon of Equity The principle
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A key reform promoted by the IMF and World Bank was the restructuring of Uganda’s taxation regime. One of the intentions was to lower the dependence on trade taxes‚ which reduced incentives for production‚ and to rely instead on indirect taxes on goods and services. Indirect taxes provided an average of 79.8 percent of total revenue between 1990-1998. Taxes on income and profits have steadily increased from 9.8 percent of total revenue in 1989 to 15.2 percent in 1998. Yet‚ of total taxes‚ about 50
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THE EFFECT OF MACRO ECONOMIC POLICY ON NIGERIAN ECONOMICS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT ABSTRACT This research work focus on the appraisal of Macroeconomic Policy on Inflation in Nigerian Economy‚ also to determine how it enhances the growth of Nigerian Economy. The aim of this research work is to look into challenges and numbers of hypothesis were drawn. Information necessary to address the test of hypothesis was gathered through secondary data‚ source from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). Economic analysis
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1 License fees 3.7.2 Poll tax 3.7.3 Other o 3.8 Descriptive labels given some taxes 3.8.1 Ad valorem o 3.8.2 Consumption tax 3.8.3 Environmental tax 3.9 Fees and effective taxes 4 History o o 4.1 Taxation levels 4.2 Forms of taxation 5 Economic effects o o 5.1 Tax incidence 5.2 Reduced economic welfare 5.2.1 Cost of compliance 5.2.2
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their performance. Using secondary data and a purely descriptive approach‚ the paper examines the concept of public service and organizational development and prescriptively presents SWOT as one such tool that can enhance the performance of public service agencies. Conclusion: In today’s organizational context‚ performance has assumed a pivotal role in the face off rapid changes in the domains of globalization and technology. To survive‚ grow and succeed in achieving their objectives public
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Unfair Taxation: Why Should the Few Support the Many? Ricky Wiggins Strayer University Professor Priscilla Patten English 215 Research and Writing 5 May 2012 Unfair Taxation In the economy today a large number of Americans do not pay Federal Income Tax. This is not fair to the citizens who are required by law to pay taxes. Why should only half of the country bear the burden of paying taxes to support the United States? Every person living in America needs to stand up‚ take responsibility
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Indian Railways. This also creates impact on the Indian Economy. This article deals with how Indian Railways impact the Economy of India or the impact of Indian Railways on the Indian economy. India is a land of diverse culture as well as religion. In different parts of India‚ one can find totally different tradition and cultural variations. To promote national integration and concentrate the cultural diversity‚ the Indian Railways plays a vital role that also fulfills the transportation needs of the
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