Module: Sociology (access to H.E.) SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY (unit 2) Learning outcomes: 1. Understand the nature of sociological theory and the ways in which sociological theories can be evaluated 2. Discuss the origins of sociological theory and the work of three major 19th century theorists 3. Critically evaluate the work of the four major schools of thought that developed during the 20th century and understand the meaning of key concepts within each theory Assessment criteria: 1.1
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study of the development and structure of the human society. It is concerned with group activities such as how people interact with each other and their behavior during the interaction. Sociology includes four major sociological perspectives: functionalism‚ conflict theory‚ symbolic interactionism‚ and post-modernism. All of these theories in sociology equip us with different perspectives with which to view the social world. Each of the four major theoretical perspectives offers a range of explanations
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l FUNCTIONALISM Functionalism is the oldest‚ and still the dominant‚ theoretical perspective in sociology and many other social sciences. This perspective is built upon twin emphases: application of the scientific method to the objective social world and use of an analogy between the individual organism and society. The emphasis on scientific method leads to the assertion that one can study the social world in the same ways as one studies the physical world. Thus‚ Functionalists see the social
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When Studying Sociology Do not be subjective We all have a belief system that can be a problem when studying sociology Remove the "I" Social Control = the social mechanisms that regulate people’s actions - Studied through 3 paradigms: Functionalism Conflict Theory Symbolic Interactionism A paradigm is a theoretical framework through which scientists study the world. Founders of the Discipline of Sociology Functionalists: Auguste Comte (1798-1859) - Wanted to build better societies
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behaviour. Functionalism: This perspective make sure that every individual has a vital role to make the society run smoothly or functionally. If someone doesn’t work together social control comes into place to deal with deviant behaviour via positive or negative sanctions. Positive sanctions defines as hen an individual portray their behaviour as good they are give a reward where as an individual behave in a deviant behaviour then they are punished for their behaviour. Talcott parson (1902-1979)
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Centuries have come and gone since the conceptualization of the three major sociological perspectives in Sociology. Symbolic Interactionism‚ Functionalist and Conflict Theory are the perspectives that offer sociologists’ theoretical paradigms for explaining how society influences people and vice versa. Each of these perspectives uniquely conceptualizes society‚ social forces and human behaviour which provides sociologists with an orienting framework for asking certain types of questions about society
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Chapter 1 – Sociological Perspective Intro A lot of information we mistake for sociology is actually an attempt by different groups to influence social policy. Sociologists have different goals than journalists do‚ where sociologist answer to the scientific community. This means their goal is not high ratings‚ but an accurate and scientific approach to the issue they are studying. Sociology represents both a body of knowledge AND a scientific approach to the study of social issues. Sociology as
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mean. Functionalism- Functionalism is a sociological approach that’s sees the institutions of society as working in harmony with each other‚ making specific and clear contributions to the smooth running of society. Functionalism links society to the human body because they work together and use methods of social control. It interprets how each part of society contributes to its stability; the different institutions fill different needs and contribute to how society is shaped. Functionalism focuses
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Assignment #1 The first major theoretical perspective is the functionalist perspective‚ which also goes by the names functionalism and structural functionalism. These types of perspectives are commonly based on the theory that society is a stable‚ orderly system. Under the functionalist perspective‚ a society is said to be composed of many different parts‚ which are interrelated and serves different functions that in the end contributes to the stability of the society. Many factors‚ such as education
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“Today‚ the nuclear family performs an essential function in society” Functionalism is a consensus view that society is like the human body and couldn’t function without all its parts- Society is characterised by groups working together and widely agreeing on norms and values. They believe that society influences the individual‚ and the individual is less important‚ as long as society is running smoothly. It is also a Structuralist view‚ meaning the social structures (family; education; the media;
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