Q4. How effective were colonial responses to nationalist movements in Southeast Asia before the Second World War? Colonial powers in Southeast Asia (SEA) were generally unwilling to grant their colonies full self-rule as many did not planned to leave their colonies. As such‚ the colonial powers wanted to control nationalist movements to maintain colonial rule. They wanted to prevent the growth and radicalisation of nationalist movements to supervise the tempo of decolonization. Coercion‚ concessions
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Vietnam‚ Indonesia and Malaya in the form of various nationalist groups. Some groups were formed and sponsored by the Japanese‚ yet others were formed to oppose the harshness of Japanese rule. Economic: The economic drain on the colonies in South East Asia resulted in the opposition of the natives towards the Japanese. In Malaya‚ the devastation and collapse of the economy caused a nightmare for the people of Malaya. However‚ many nationalist groups were formed within racial groups. The Chinese
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Republic who had government control over the country. The opposition was the Nationalists who wanted to overthrow Republic including its leader‚ Manuel Azuna. The Republic made up of urban workers‚ farmers‚ and the educated middle class with the help of the Soviet Union and the International Brigade. Others chose to follow the Nationalist leader‚ Francisco Franco. The people’s motivation for siding with the Nationalists was due to their identity‚ the belief that the Republic was not taking care
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upon the idea that each individual will be loyal to their nation in which they construct. Nationalists support ‘organic communities’‚ whereby society is naturally divided‚ therefore each nation holds their own national identity. ‘Inevitably’ suggests that rivalry and conflict is certain. However‚ looking at the different branches of Nationalism‚ the inevitability of conflict varies. The Liberal Nationalists would not consider conflict as inevitable‚ which shows their naivety to the xenophobic ideas
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far was the success of the nationalist movements in SEA dependent on the personalities of their leader? The success of the nationalist movements was widely due to the personalities of their leaders‚ the conservative and religious natures of the leaders as well as the charisma of the leaders. Nationalist movements refer to movements which aim to preserve a nation’s identity‚ tradition‚ culture or language. The success of nationalist movements refer to the
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Southeast Asia before the Second World War never had a chance to succeed in the first place.h How accurate is this statement? The nationalists in Southeast Asia before the Second World War had achieved little in terms of gaining political concessions and constitutional reforms from the colonial powers so as to secure autonomy. While it is true that the nationalists faced many obstacles from the start (for instance the repressive measures taken by colonial powers to minimise opposition to their rule
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1941 can also be referred to as the pre-war period before the Japanese Occupation. The Southeast Asian nationalist movements then had similar achievements and limitations. Their achievements were scarce as the majority of the population was politically apathetic. To add to this‚ the nationalist groups often lacked mass support and military strength. The greatest achievement of these nationalist movements‚ though‚ would be that they managed to unify a diverse group of people who had little in common
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the Loyalists‚ in order form a new government system for Spain‚ a Fascist government. Fascism is an extreme rightist view‚ more extreme than Monarchism and Nazism. In the Spanish Civil War‚ Franco was aided by Hitler and the German forces. The nationalists were aided slightly by the newly formed Italian country and their powerful Fascist leader‚ Mussolini. Although Franco started the Spanish Civil War to rebel against the Second Republic‚ Franco’s central goal was to destroy the left-wing organizations
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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EARLY AND ASSERTIVE NATIONALISTS a) The moderates had faith in gradual reforms whereas the nationalists believed that the swaraj is their birth right. b) The moderates believed in the theory of mendicancy but the extremists were against it. c) Moderates were against an all out struggle against the British but the nationalists wanted to mobilise the whole country against the British rule. d) The moderates believed that the British could be persuaded to see the justness of their
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Use source 1‚2 and 3 and your own knowledge. Do you agree with the view that the real purpose of the Morley-Minto reforms was to divide the nationalist ranks? Explain your answer using sources 1‚2‚ 3 and your own knowledge (40 marks) The establishment of the Morley- Minto reforms occurred in 1909 with the intention of creating a fairer and more effective form of governance and administration within in India‚ with the hope of pleasing the Indian people. The reforms were a result of change concerning
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