Literature Review Judicial bias pertaining to race and ethnicity is a controversial phenomenon that has been researched historically‚ and continues in contemporary society. One of the first criminologists to analyse this was Beccaria (1764) in Dei delitti e delle penne (an essay on crime and punishments)‚ he argued that judicial process favoured the wealthy and powerful to the detriment of the less fortunate‚ his research had a profound impact on historical judicial process and reformation of
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In the article‚ “Safeguards Against Wrongful Conviction in Eyewitness Identification Cases: Insights from Empirical Research‚” Andrew Smith and Lisa Dufraimont (2014) address how eyewitness identifications are vital factors in convicting suspects. However‚ some of those identifications are inaccurate or mistaken‚ and innocent people can be wrongly convicted. In fact‚ mistaken eyewitness identification is the main factor in wrongful convictions of the innocent (Smith and Dufraimont‚ 2014). Furthermore
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testing he was finally able to prove he was wrongly convicted. This non-profit legal organization reminds me of a show I watch every Monday night called “Conviction” which is about a unit that investigates cases of wrongful conviction but to my surprise I actually
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The criminal justice system needs reform to avoid wrongful convictions and unprepared re-entry to society. Each year‚ thousands of people are convicted of crimes they do not commit. A few main causes of wrongful convictions are eyewitness misidentifications‚ government misconduct‚ and bad lawyering. In many cases‚ those exonerated of the crimes they didn’t commit and now they longer have the proper resources to re-enter society successfully. In one case example involving eyewitness misidentification
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On November 10th York had a Fighting Wrongful Convictions: Journalists Police the Justice System panel hosted by the Journalism Department. The main point of the panel was to talk about how a journalist should properly go about writing a story on wrongful convictions and to help illustrate the point they brought in Johnny Hincapie. Hincapie was an 18 year old who was wrongfully charged with helping in the murder of Brian Watkins in the 1990s. Now at 42 years old‚ and after serving 25 years in prison
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Forensic Problems and Wrongfully Convictions (2009) states that‚ the most wrongful convictions involve more than one contributing cases‚ for example‚ if an eyewitness may have wrongly identified an innocent person‚ and in the same case a forensic analyst may have testified that hairs from the crime scene match the defendant’s hair. In the jury’s eyes‚ the eyewitness testimony is strengthened by the forensic evidence (Forensic Problems and Wrongfully Convictions‚ 2009). Not always the eye witnesses
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Gender Bias in Education by Amanda Chapman of D ’Youville College "Sitting in the same classroom‚ reading the same textbook‚ listening to the same teacher‚ boys and girls receive very different educations." (Sadker‚ 1994) In fact‚ upon entering school‚ girls perform equal to or better than boys on nearly every measure of achievement‚ but by the time they graduate high school or college‚ they have fallen behind. (Sadker‚ 1994) However‚ discrepancies between the performance of girls and the performance
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In recent discussions of implicit racial bias‚ a controversial issue has been whether implicit racial bias is moral or immoral. On the one hand‚ some people argue that some people think implicit racial bias is moral and socially acceptable because those people with implicit racial bias are not directly hurting others. On the other hand‚ however‚ others argue that implicit racial bias is immoral‚ socially unacceptable and should not be tolerated under any circumstances. In the words of Daniel Kelly
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When our class visited Joan and Robert Rechnitz Hall I felt as if this would be a hard assignment because I felt as if none of the artwork would catch my attention‚ seeing as I’ve never had an interest in artwork while growing up. This visit was really eye opening because not only did I enjoy the time we spent there‚ surprisingly I was actually interested in some of the work that was being displayed at that time. Although all the art exhibits were simply amazing the one that stood out the most
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The article‚ Racial Bias‚ Even When We Have Good Intentions‚ written by Sendhil Mullainathan focuses on the racial bias African Americans experience compared to White Americans or any other racial group. In the article‚ Mullainathan refers to a study he conducted with a colleague. Mullainathan and his colleague mailed resumes to different jobs that had job openings‚ but they mailed some with “African American” names and some with “White American” names. At the conclusion of their studies‚ it was
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