The United States, from its inception had a lust for real estate. From the original chants of "manifest destiny" to the calls for the annexation of Indian territories, America has been driven to acquire land. In this country's youth, land was needed for economic expansion; however, by the end of the 19th century, the entire continental United States had been in possession and the citizenry of this country turned their eyes out to sea. The United States no longer sought new lands to farm and work nor did they need new areas for their geological resources; the motives had changed. The United States was now driven by the temptations of world power and political supremacy. The self-absorbed citizenry looked upon their intrusion into foreign areas as a moral obligation; to spread the words of democracy and Christ throughout the world. The Spanish-American War in the final years of the 19th century perfectly demonstrated this "new" imperialism. In addition the American intrusion into Chinese affairs during the Boxer rebellion was also proof for the new motives which governed the international attitude. By the end of the 19th century Spanish forces in Cuba were in an all out battle with nationalist rebels. The Spanish army had tortured and killed thousands of innocent Cubans in their efforts to maintain control of Cuba. The American "Yellow Press" under the leadership of Pulitzer and others wrote horrific articles about the war in Cuba and called for the imposition of the United States into the matter under the flag of moral obligation. President McKinley and his war hungry Congress saw this as a perfect opportunity to have a "nice little war" and bolster the status of the United States in the international community. The war with Spain also gave McKinley am excuse to invade the Spanish controlled Philippine islands, an important naval site which would give the United States a voice in the Far East. After, the United States Navy massacred the meek Spanish…
Philippines - During the Age of Imperialism, America seeked out to expand how much power and land they had, and the Philippines was an asset they did not want to go without. In December 1898, the island was the sold to the United States. Upon making plans of annexation, the Filipinos retaliated with war, leading to the The Philippine-American War. Over the course of the war over one eighth of the native population had died, and the country had become unable to continue fighting, allowing for the U.S. to finally control the island. It was then turned into a fueling station, as it had been intended when it was first…
In 1898, the U.S. wanted to take over the Philippines, a Spanish colony. U.S. businesses saw the Philippines as a good source for raw materials as well as a key to new markets for imports and exports. The islands were in a good strategic position for access to the markets of China. McKinley concluded that the best choice was for the U.S. was to “take and educate the Filipinos, uplift, civilize, and Christianize them.” Even though the Philippines revolted against the U.S. rule with a three year…
When Americans began to establish states as they moved westward, they had no consideration for Native Americans and believed them to insignificant. The exact same idea occurred about one hundred years later, with “criminal aggression”, which took place in the Philippines. The American Anti-Imperialist League argued that the blood of the Filipinos was on…
When Secretary of State John Hay stated that the Spanish American War was a “splendid little war”, he received mixed responses from people such as William Jennings Bryan, Theodore Roosevelt, Alfred Thayer Mahan, and Emilio Aguinaldo. Some people of the Philippines, especially the nationalist leader Emilio Aguinaldo, disagreed with Hay’s statement. They were upset that they were first being denied independence from Spain, and now the United States of America. However, even having fought in the Spanish-American War alongside the Americans, Aguinaldo led bands of guerilla fighters against the U.S. It took three years, and numerous causalities to end the revolt. Theodore Roosevelt, on the other hand, saw potential in the lands controlled by Spain. He ordered a fleet to the Philippines. The American Fleet destroyed the Spanish Fleet. Contrary to the beliefs of Theodore Roosevelt, William Jennings Bryan viciously attacked the idea of American imperialism. He believed that imperialism was wrong, and the United States should stay out of fighting wars for conquest. While many Americans too, questioned imperialism, they saw the new territory, including the Philippines, acquired during the war as an accomplishment. Last but not least, Alfred Thayer Mahan believed that a strong naval power would crucial if a country wanted to become the finest, economically and militarily. A strong military presence would open foreign markets which would lead the United States to become a world power. William Jennings Bryan vigorously attacked the growth of American Imperialism. One positive consequence of the Spanish American war was its effect on the way both Americans and Europeans thought about the United States as a formidable military power…
Chapter 28 Review 1. How did the Philippines become a major headache for America? Filipinos erupted into an open insurrection in 1899 under Emilio Aguinaldo. The war/ conflict was sordid and prolonged. Instead of quietly assimilating, they objected.…
President McKinley thought it was wise to spread the fortune and good interests of Americans to the Philippine nations. The Americans took them all to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize them, and Christianize them. It seemed that McKinley’s sole purpose for the brutal treatment of the Filipinos was to civilize them. It was this idea that was presented and accepted by the American public. It was not accepted so lightly by the Filipino people. The idea of a country across the Pacific ruling them was unthinkable. They rose in revolt against the United States. Everything…
Emilio Aquinaldo, a Filipino general and Politian, accepted the war with open arms and thought the war would be the change that the Philippines needed so desperately. When U.S declared war on Spain, Aquinaldo saw it as an opportunity for the Philippines to become an independent nation. America hoped that Aquinaldo and his army would assist America in their efforts against Spain which Aquinaldo readily accepted. He declared independence for the Philippines on June 12 1898. But as the war progressed Aquinaldo realized that America did not have the intentions to grant the Philippines freedom and the U.S. and Aquinaldo fought separately from then on. Eventually the U.S wanted to turn the Philippines into an American colony which resulted in the American-Filipino War.…
Philippine Insurrection Even before the Philippines were annexed by the U.S. there was tension between U.S. troops and Filipinos. One U.S. sentry shot a Filipino who was crossing a bridge. The situation deteriorated and eventually we entered into a war with the Philippines. It would take two years to settle this dispute, as compared to the four months needed to defeat the once powerful Spain. Though the U.S. had better arms, the guerilla warfare employed by the Filipinos left the Americans outmatched. Between 200,000 and 600,000 Filipinos died in the war, most from sickness and disease caused by the…
Paul Kramer’s piece on racial imperialism was the idea that the war between the Philippines and United States was done mainly on the grounds of racism. General McReeve wrote, “That ever since the Americans had liberated their negro slaves they had been looking around for others and thought they had found them at last in the Philippines.” (G.M Pg. 129) This statement showed how the United States viewed the Philippines even before the war. The United States used their idea of civilization and imposed those ideas on other countries as well. Kramer also believed that “…races were characterized in part by the way they made war….” (Kramer…
The Civil War was not the first war where blacks would participate, nor would it be the last. Butler’s policy to allow blacks into Union forces, opened the opportunity for not only Virginian slaves, but other slaves throughout the South, to escape their masters. The Union army allowed a form of social elevation for the black race, influencing military duties and a form of schooling, but most importantly, offering certain legal rights that no slave could possess. The use of colored men, began with Butler’s began to use these me as a labor source for his camp. Secretary of War’s approved a contraband policy. Simon Cameron, who was Secretary of War at that time, approved Butler’s request of in taking blacks, informing him that “You will employ such persons in the service to which they may be best adapted, keeping an account of the labor by them performed, of the value of it and of the expense of their maintenance.” They were to be used as help for Union laborers and not as soldiers.…
Hedges and Sacco begin the book by discussing Whiteclay, a small incorporated village in Nebraska. The clients that come to Whiteclay primarily for alcohol are Native Americans from Pine Ridge, a reservation that is located in South Dakota. Hedges and Sacco were able to direct my attention into the lives of those in the Pine Ridge reservation by describing the problems with alcoholism and poverty that they face. Using the example of Long Wolf, they really gave me a feel for the hardships that Native Americans faced among their families. For Verlyn Long Wolf, her childhood experiences were dictated by physical, verbal, and sexual abuse. It upsets me that a girl has to go through such hardships at a young age. It was really striking that she was married and divorced around seven times and that all of them were abusive, except for one. The authors linked the vivid descriptions of rape and abuse back to the tragic history of white conquest. I think what really stood out to me about the Native Americans was when Hedges and Sacco talked about the Smithsonian museum…
Szporluk’s (2009) article on accountability and Easterly’s book titled, The White Man’s Burden: Why the West’s Efforts to Aid the Rest have Done so Much Ill and so Little Good (as cited in Howe, 2009) place the majority of responsibility with the organization and those who are providing the service. Szporluck (2009) argues that INGOs should be accountable for the effectiveness of their clients and the communities that they work in, rather than the donors or the desires of governments.…
Response to The New White Man's Burden In the article "The New White Man's Burden," Anthony Arnove talks about the parallels between the United States reason for the current war in Iraq and the United States occupation of the Philippines in 1898. The author draws theses parallels because he wants the reader to see for themselves how similar the experience in Iraq was played out to how the experience in the Philippines was played out. The main point that Anthony Arnove is making is that the government today is trying to do the same kind of things it was trying to do a hundred years ago.…
The Spanish-American War took place in “the spring and summer of 1898”, throughout the Pacific and Caribbean waters (“Spanish-American War”). The United States went to war with Spain for Cuban independence, yellow journalism in the role of publishing the De Lome letter, and the USS Maine sinking (Murrin 747,748). A consequence of the war was imperialism, that came along with the Treaty of Paris, which gave the United States the Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, and Guatemala (Roberts). Reformation of the U.S. Navy and Army were made because it was not prepared for this war and lost more men to disease and exposure than to the enemy (The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica). There was a group named the American Anti-Imperialist League who…