In January 1588, Philip II sent a serious message to the Castile, the assembly in which the representatives of cities gathered: "You know all the business in which I have set for the service of God and increasing our holy Catholic faith and benefit of these kingdoms [...] This requires very large and overspending, because it does not go unless the security of the sea and the Indies and even their own homes. ""Enterprise" to which the king was referring to was nothing less than an invasion of England, aiming to overthrow Queen Elizabeth and finish with the support it provided to the Protestant rebels of Flanders, at war with Spain for some twenty years. For this Felipe II had met in Lisbon a giant armada: 130 warships and transport, with a crew of 12,000 sailors and 19,000 soldiers. Commanding a prestigious Andalusian aristocrat, the Duke of Medina Sidonia was. Their mission was to reach Dunkirk, on the shores of Spanish Flanders, …show more content…
Some ships, because of the deplorable state in which they were shipwrecked before the Spanish coast. In the end only returned about 70 or 80 of the 130 ships that set sail from Lisbon. Many were under such poor condition that it was impossible to repair and had to be scrapped. Of the 31,000 men who had embarked estimated 20,000 died: 1500 in the fighting, 8,500 shipwrecks and 2,000 killed in Ireland, plus another 8,000 who died during the voyage or to reach port victims disease and the hardships of life on board. The dead included many of the best masters of the time, like Alonso de Leyva, Miguel de Oquendo and Juan Martinez de Recalde, who died shortly after returning. The Duke of Medina Sidonia, sick and depressed, almost secretly broke into his residence in Sanlúcar without going through the court, after referring to Philip II a detailed report on the failed