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Reconstruction-What Went Wrong?

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Reconstruction-What Went Wrong?
RECONSTRUCTION, WHAT WENT WRONG

I. Historiography of Reconstruction A. Early Views Journalists, Poets, & Rebels Negative view of Reconstruction Sidney Andrews, The South Since the War (1866) John Dennett, The South as It Is. Southern frame of reference Sidney Lanier (poet) Attempt to justify Civil War B. Early Professional Historians John Ford Rhodes Ohio Democrat Not impartial Blamed North for problems of Reconstruction’ Claimed Black Rule forced on South at point of bayonet John William Burgess Tennessee Unionist Former Union soldier Studied at University of Berlin Organized History Graduate Program at Columbia University Produced historians such as U.B. Phillips and William Archibald Dunning Traditionalist view of Reconstruction Burgess, Phillips & Dunning Basic view: Stressed Southern problems Minimized achievements of Freedmen Regarded White Supremacy as normal in South C. Dunning School And Traditionalism William Archibald Dunning Taught at Columbia University Attracted best historical minds of his day Wrote histories of their own states James W. Garner, Reconstruction in Mississippi (1901) Walter Lynwood Fleming, Civil War and Reconstruction in Alabama (1905) William W. Davis, Civil War and Reconstruction in Florida (1913) Clara Mildred Thompson, Reconstruction in Georgia (1915) Histories very detailed and accurate BUT hostile to Blacks, Carpetbaggers, and Scalawags Praised Democratic Party D. Marxist Historians Prejudice in opposite direction Stressed accomplishment of Blacks W.E.B. Du Bois, Black Reconstruction (1935) E. Revisionists Influenced by Depression and New Deal Attacked Dunning School Most important historians Howard Beale Francis B. Simpkins Charles and Mary Beard Kenneth Stamp John Hope Franklin

II. Ending the Civil War A. What happened in
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