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Questions on Units 1.1 – 1.4 on Cell Components 1 The figure below shows an electron micrograph of an animal cell.

A B

centriole C

nucleus

(a) Name and state the function of the following structures. (i) Structure A

…………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… (ii) Structure B

…………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… (iii) Structure C

…………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… (6 marks) (b) Describe the roles of centrioles in cellular division.

………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………

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………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… (8 marks) (c) The nucleus is labelled on the diagram. Complete the table by putting a tick () or a cross () in each box to identify which properties belong to eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Structure or function Nucleolus Nuclear envelope Nucleoid Presence of DNA (4 marks) Eukaryotic cells Prokaryotic cells

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(d) The nucleus from the image is reproduced below. It has been magnified x 20,000

x 20,000

X

Y

Use the line XY as the length of the nucleus to work out its actual size. Show your working.

………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… (3 marks) Total: 21 marks

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2

The figure below shows a bone marrow cell under the electron microscope.

A

B

C

D

nucleus E

(a) Complete the table below to show the functions of the structures labelled A to D. One has been done for you. Function Controls substances which enter or leave the cell Contains digestive enzymes Carries out aerobic respiration Membrane surrounding the nucleus Attaches to mRNA in protein synthesis (4 marks) nuclear envelope D Structure Label

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(b) The nucleus has been labelled in the diagram. There are several darkened stain patches present. (i) State the name of these darkened patches which appear when stained.

…………………………………………………………………………………………… (1 mark) (ii) Explain the role of this structure.

…………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… (3 marks) Total: 8 marks

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