Morphology: Affix and Inflectional Morphemes Inflectional
MORPHOLOGY
MARTOS ALFITRI
PBI V D
10714000764
Morphology
Morphology is the study of the construction of words out of morphemes
Morpheme
The morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit of language. (lexical and grammatical meaning) A morpheme must have a meaning, and it is the smallest unit of meaning (the smallest sound-meaning union which cannot be further analyzed into smaller units). The word lady can be divided into two syllables (la.dy), but it consists of just one morpheme, because a syllable has nothing to do with meaning.
The word un forgettable can be divided three morphemes (dis+agree+able).
The word books contains only one syllable, but it consists of two morphemes (book+s) (Notice: the morpheme –s has a grammatical meaning [Plural])
The internal structure of words
Words can have an internal structure, i.e. they are decomposable into smaller meaningful (lexical or grammatical) parts. These smallest meaningful units we call morphemes.
read+er re+read en+able dark+en
Mary+’s print+ed cat+s go+es
Classification of Morphemes 1. According to their position in the word:
|read |re+read |read+ing |rereading |
|root |prefix + root |root + suffix |prefix + root + suffix |
2. Types of affixes: • Derivational
Derivational affixes (create new meaning) make new words by adding concrete meanings to old words:
-er, -ess -hood, -ive, -ness, re-, un- etc
Examples of Derivational Affixes
|Prefix |Grammatical category of base |Grammatical category of output |Example |
|in- |Adj |Adj |inaccurate |
|un- |Adj |Adj
MARTOS ALFITRI
PBI V D
10714000764
Morphology
Morphology is the study of the construction of words out of morphemes
Morpheme
The morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit of language. (lexical and grammatical meaning) A morpheme must have a meaning, and it is the smallest unit of meaning (the smallest sound-meaning union which cannot be further analyzed into smaller units). The word lady can be divided into two syllables (la.dy), but it consists of just one morpheme, because a syllable has nothing to do with meaning.
The word un forgettable can be divided three morphemes (dis+agree+able).
The word books contains only one syllable, but it consists of two morphemes (book+s) (Notice: the morpheme –s has a grammatical meaning [Plural])
The internal structure of words
Words can have an internal structure, i.e. they are decomposable into smaller meaningful (lexical or grammatical) parts. These smallest meaningful units we call morphemes.
read+er re+read en+able dark+en
Mary+’s print+ed cat+s go+es
Classification of Morphemes 1. According to their position in the word:
|read |re+read |read+ing |rereading |
|root |prefix + root |root + suffix |prefix + root + suffix |
2. Types of affixes: • Derivational
Derivational affixes (create new meaning) make new words by adding concrete meanings to old words:
-er, -ess -hood, -ive, -ness, re-, un- etc
Examples of Derivational Affixes
|Prefix |Grammatical category of base |Grammatical category of output |Example |
|in- |Adj |Adj |inaccurate |
|un- |Adj |Adj